Democracy

Index

Aargau, 67, 69

Adams, John Quincy, 97

Afghanistan, 176, 177, 178

Africa, 43, 44, 199

African National Congress (ANC), 124, 127, 128, 130

Agreement of the People, 31

Agüero, Felipe, 167

Algeria, 145–146, 148, 163, 176, 178, 201

Algerian War, 37

Al-Misnad, Mozah bint Nasser, 114

Al-Thani, Hamid bin Khalifa, 114

American Revolution, 31, 192

Amsterdam, 32

Angola, 177, 178

Argentina, 43, 100–105, 120, 164, 166, 175, 195

Aristophanes, 26

Armenia, 45

Armesto, Félix, 101

Ashforth, Adam, 106–108

Asia, 43, 44, 199

Asia-Pacific region, 43

Athens, 25, 26

Australia, 120, 182, 199

Austria, 44, 67, 69, 70, 135, 200

autonomous power centers, definition, 76

Auyero, Javier, 103, 104

Ayodhya, India, 56

Azerbaijan, 45

Baily, Samuel, 99

Balkans, 39

Baltic states, 200

Bangladesh, 114

Baratiya Janata Party (BJP), 54

bargaining for means of rule, 184, 202

bargaining over means of rule, 31, 36, 38–39, 47, 116, 146, 174, 200, 204

Basel, 67

Batavian Republic, 32

Belarus, 46, 47, 48, 49, 163, 190

Belgium, 18

Benin, 43

Bensel, Richard, 97

Bermeo, Nancy, 39

Betancourt, Rómulo, 167

Black Consciousness movement (BC), 126

Bolívar, Simon, 161–166

Bolivia, 145

Bouteflika, Abdelaziz, 145, 170

Brass, Paul, 57

Brazil, 43, 110, 115, 166, 175

Buenos Aires, 100–102

Bulgaria, 43, 135

Burma, 44, 176, 178

Burma (Myanmar), 178

Burundi, 176, 178

Buthelezi, M. G., 124, 127

Caldera, Rafael, 169

Cambodia, 115, 177, 178

Camisard rebellions, 36

Canada, 41–43, 51, 182, 200

Cape Verde, 43

capital, definition, 87

Caracas, 168

Caramani, Daniele, 62

categorical inequality, definition, 75

categorical inequality, democratization, and de-democratization, 110–120

Catholic Emancipation, 181

Caucasus, 134, 136

Centeno, Miguel, 173, 174

Central Asia, 200

Chad, 145

Chávez Frias, Hugo, 168, 173, 190, 194, 201

Chechnya, 134, 176, 178

Chile, 43, 175

China, 17, 44, 115, 116, 143–145, 163

Church of Ireland, 181

city-states, 26, 29

civil war, 176–179, 181

Civil War (U.S.), 69, 87, 99, 159

Clay, Henry, 97

Cleary, Matthew, 95, 96, 104

Cold War, 155, 167, 176, 177, 199

Collier, Ruth Berins, 102

Collins, Kathleen, 190

Colombia, 100, 176, 178

commitment, definition, 87

Committees of Correspondence, 32

Congo-Kinshasa, 18

Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU), 126

Congress Party (India), 54, 56

Conservative Party (South Africa), 126

Coronil, Fernando, 167

coups, military, 177

Crawford, W. H., 97

Croatia, 43, 46, 49

Cromwell, Oliver, 31, 180

Czech Republic, 43, 45

Dahl, Robert, 9, 10, 12

Dalindyebo, Sabata, 123

de-democratization, main processes, 174

Delano, Columbus, 82

democracy

   benefits of, 184–185

   constitutional definitions of, 7

   definitions of, 7, 13, 14

   elements of, 11

   procedural definitions of, 8

   process-oriented definitions of, 8

   substantive definitions of, 7

democratic dilemma, 91–96

democratization

   competing explanations, 49–50

   definition, 59

   futures of, 203–205

   payoff questions in the study of, 72–74, 191–203

   post-socialist, 45–49

   summary of argument, 188

   waves of, 40–41

Diamandouros, Nikiforos, 147

Dufour, Guillaume, 70

Dutch Republic, 90, 91, 164, 202. See also Netherlands

Egypt, 199

Eire. See also Ireland

El Caracazo, 168

El Sacudón, 168

El Salvador, 43

England, 31. See also Great Britain

Estonia, 43, 45, 46, 49

Ethiopia, 178

Europe, 43, 44, 64, 173, 193, 199, 200

European Community, 126

European Union, 198, 199

Falange, 155

Fenian Brotherhood, 82

Fenians (Irish Republican Brotherhood), 182

Finer, Samuel, 25

Finland, 44, 62

fire companies, volunteer, 83–85

Florence, 27

France, 18, 32, 33, 36–38, 39, 41, 44, 58, 61, 67, 69, 70, 109, 115, 135, 140, 163, 165, 175, 177, 191, 192, 193, 194

   1830 revolution, 68, 69

Franco, Francisco, 147, 149, 155–156, 196

Freedom House, 1, 5, 8, 10, 16, 43, 44, 45, 46, 55–57, 61, 66, 72, 136, 137, 169, 171, 175, 182

French Revolution, 67, 140, 202

Fribourg, 69

Fronde, 140

Fronde (French civil war), 34

Front for a Just Kazakhstan, 4

Gandhi, Indira, 53, 54, 55, 57

Gandhi, Rajiv, 53, 54, 56, 57

Gandhi, Sonia, 54

Gaulle, Charles de, 34

general argument, summary, 77–78

Geneva, 67, 69

Georgia, 45, 48

Germany, 14, 44, 63, 64, 135, 175, 198, 200, 201

Ghana, 43

Gladstone, William, 181

Gómez, Juan Vicente, 166, 171, 194

González Calleja, Eduardo, 153

Gorbachev, Mikhail, 133

Gran Colombia, 166

Great Britain, 32, 52, 58, 61, 67, 135, 177, 180–183, 184, 192. See also England, United Kingdom

Greece, 43, 44, 63, 64

Grisons, 67

Guido, José Maria, 103

Guyana, 43, 169

Hart, Marjolein ’t, 90

Head, Randolph, 30

Hirschman, Albert, 94, 167

Holland, 32

Homer (Greek poet), 25

Hungary, 43, 44, 45, 135

Iberia, 39

India, 51–58, 59, 110, 131, 163

Indochina, 177

Indonesia, 177, 178

Inkatha Freedom Party, 124, 127

intermediaries, definition, 87

International Monetary Fund (IMF), 168

Iran, 18, 116, 178

Iraq, 176, 178

Ireland, 180–183, 184

Ireton, Henry, 31

Irish Free State, 182

Irish Republican Army, 182

Islamist, 145

Israel, 176, 178

Italy, 44, 63, 135, 198, 201

Ivory Coast, 175

Jackson, Andrew, 97

Jamaica, 4, 5, 16, 18, 21, 22, 36, 51, 164, 191

   constitution, 4

Jandosov, Oraz, 4

Japan, 14, 18, 43, 115, 198, 199, 201

Johns, George, 82

Juan Carlos (Spanish prince and king), 156, 158

Kalkerchar, Bangladesh, 114

Kashmir, 54, 176, 178

Katzenstein, Mary Fainsod, 53

Kaufman, Jason, 85

Kazakhstan, 1, 3, 4, 8, 16, 18, 21, 36, 41, 45, 51, 145, 148, 163, 190, 191, 200, 201

   constitution, 1

Kerala (India), 187

Khodokorsky, Mikhail, 135

Killers (Philadelphia gang), 84

Klerk, F. W., 127

Know-Nothings, 99

Korea, North, 145

Korea, South, 43

Kuchma, Leonid, 45

Kurdistan, 176, 178

KwaZulu, 124, 127

Kyrgyzstan, 45, 190

Lamb, Patrick, 82

Latin America, 39, 43, 44, 173, 193, 199, 200

Latvia, 43

Lausanne, 69

Lebanon, 178

Levellers, 31

Levi, Margaret, 92

Liberia, 175, 176, 178

Libya, 145

Lithuania, 43, 45, 135

López Contreras, Eleazar, 166

López-Alves, Fernando, 100

Louis Napoleon (French president and emperor), 62, 64, 70

Louis XIV (French king), 18, 34, 35, 36

Lucerne, 67, 69

Lukashenka, Aleksandr, 48

Lysistrata, 26

Machiavelli, Niccolò, 27, 28, 33

Malaya, 177

Mali, 43

Mandela, Nelson, 127

Markoff, John, 40

Marx, Anthony, 127

Matanzima, Kaizer, 123

mechanisms, causal, 22

Mexico, 43, 104

Mihalisko, Kathleen, 48

Milan, 27

Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 86

Mongolia, 43

Morocco, 20, 149, 178, 199

Moscow, 135

Moyamensing Hose Company, 84

Mozambique, 177, 178

Napoleon, 33, 67

National Endowment for Democracy, 189

National Party, 126, 127

Nattrass, Nicoli, 125

Nazarbaev, Nursultan, 1, 4, 145

Nehru, Jawaharlal, 52, 53, 57

Nepal, 44, 176, 178

Netherlands, 32, 44, 175, 177, 192. See also Dutch Republic

Neuchâtel, 67, 69

New York City, 86, 99

New Zealand, 199

Nigeria, 177

Nordic countries, 30

Nordic states, 200

Northern Ireland, 182

Norway, 18, 62

Ohio, 83, 182

oligarchies, merchant, 29, 38

Orange, Prince of, 32

Organization of Petroleum Exporting States (OPEC), 168

Ottoman Empire, 64

Overijssel, 32

Paine, Thomas, 32

Pakistan, 57, 178

Palestine, 176, 178

Palmer, R. R., 32

Panama, 43

patron-client systems, 53

Payne, Stanley, 149, 156

peasant communities, 29

Pelopennesian War, 26

Pérez, Carlos Andres, 168, 171, 190

Pérez Jiménez, Marcos, 167–169

Pericles, 25

Perón, Isabelita, 103

Perón, Juan, 103, 195

Peru, 43, 178

Philadelphia, 84

Philippines, 43, 44, 176, 178

Poland, 43, 45

political resources, definition, 87

political shocks, 163, 176–180, 191

politics, public, 12, 13

   in different sorts of regimes, 20

Porto Alegre (Brazil), 187

Portugal, 43, 44, 67

post-socialist states, 200

Poughkeepsie, New York, 84

Primo de Rivera, Miguel, 149, 151, 153

processes, causal, 23

Prussia, 32, 64, 67, 69, 70

Przeworski, Adam, 61

Putin, Vladimir, 134–136, 139, 143, 145, 170

Putnam, Robert, 86, 91, 92

Qatar, 114

Quakers (Society of Friends), 31

Rainborough, Thomas, 31

Ramaphosa, Cyril, 127

Ramirez, Pedro, 103

Ray, Raka, 53

regime trajectories

   medium state, 163–164

   strong state, 161–163, 174, 184

   weak state, 165–176, 179, 184

Remak, Joachim, 69

Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement, 169

revolutions, 36

Romania, 43, 44

Rosas, Juan Manuel de, 100

rule, direct, 19

rule, indirect, 18

Russia, 18, 45, 46, 47, 49, 67, 133–137, 163, 200

Rwanda, 177

Sansenbaev, Altynbeck, 4

Schaffhausen, 69

sects, religious, 30

Seekings, Jeremy, 125

Senegal, 43, 44

Serbia-Montenegro, 43, 45, 48

Seven Years War, 31

Shiffler, George, 84

Shiffler Hose Company, 84

shocks, political, 39

Sierra Leone, 175

Skocpol, Theda, 86, 99

Slovakia, 43, 45, 135

Slovenia, 43, 45, 200

Soloturn, 69

Somalia, 17, 18

Sonderbund War, 69, 70, 71

South Africa, 43, 110–120, 131, 159, 161, 163, 174, 178

South Korea, 198

Spain, 43, 44, 63, 67, 90, 131, 146–159, 161, 164, 165, 187, 191, 193, 196

   First Republic, 152

   Second Republic, 153–155

Spanish Civil War, 151

Spanish-American War, 152

Sparta, 25, 26

Sri Lanka, 176, 178

St. Gallen, 67, 69

St. Louis, Missouri, 83

state capacity, 15, 16

Stokes, Susan, 95, 96, 104

Suarez, Adolfo, 158

Sudan, 145, 176, 177, 178

Súmate (Venezuelan NGO), 190

Sutyagin, Igor, 135

Sweden, 67

Switzerland, 30, 70–71, 74, 76, 109, 164, 192, 202

Tadjikistan, 190

Taiwan, 43, 198

Terreblanche, Sampie, 121

Thailand, 43, 44

Thebes, 26

Thembuland, 123

Thucydides, 25

Thurgau, 67, 69

Ticino, 67, 69

Transkei, 124

trust networks

   definition, 74, 81

   political connections of, 88

Turkey, 176, 178

Turkmenistan, 45

Uganda, 115, 176, 178

Ukraine, 45, 48

United Democratic Front, 126

United Kingdom, 181, 182

United Nations, 189

United States, 32, 42–43, 48, 61, 69, 80, 86–100, 105, 110, 128, 131, 135, 155, 159, 164, 170, 176, 177, 190, 200

Uriburu, José, 103

Uruguay, 43, 100, 175

U.S. Congress, 126

USSR, 45, 128, 133, 134, 176, 178

Uzbekistan, 45, 145, 190

Valais, 67

Vanhanen, Tatu, 41–43, 65

Vaud, 67, 69

Venezuela, 145, 165–173, 184, 190, 191, 195, 201

Venice, 27

Videla, Jorge, 103

Vietnam, 178

Vietnamese War, 37

Villa Paraiso, 103, 104

voting, U.S., 96–100

Warren, Mark, 93

Weiner, Myron, 52

Wilkes, John, 32

William of Orange, 180

Williams, Abe, 130

Wilson, Richard, 128

Wolfowitz, Paul, 186

World Bank, 114, 186

World War I, 64, 152, 181, 195

World War II, 164, 178, 199, 202

Yeltsin, Boris, 134

Yugoslavia, 45, 178

Yukos, 135

Zambia, 199

Zimbabwe, 178

Zug, 69

Zurich, 67, 69, 75