In a previous paper on the Siphonaptera of Canada the writer (Holland, 1949b) summarized all available published and unpublished data up to December 31, 1946. One hundred and twenty-seven species and subspecies of fleas were recorded, of which 121 are believed to be endemic, and 6 introduced in historic times from the Palaearctic Region.

Studies since 1946 have drawn attention to the occurrence in Canada of a number of species not hitherto recorded. Some of these were new to science. The discoveries of some of the others could have been predicted with reasonable certainty, the species being known from areas immediately south of the International Boundary, on species of hosts known to occur in Canada. In other instances the captures occasioned some surprise, the Canadian records representing rather broad extensions of the known ranges. Some of this supplementary information has already been published (Holland, 1949a, 1950, 1951a, 1951b). In the present paper, seven additional species and subspecies are reported from Canada for the first time. In partial compensation for this, the total of Canadian species is reduced by the recognition of two synonyms.

Several writers (Baker, 1917; Patch, 1917, 1918, 1923) have published descriptions and keys for the aphids of the eastern United States. Many of these aphids are found in the Maritime Provinces of Canada. The only published list of the aphids of the latter area is that of Burnham (1938).

The following is a preliminary list for the Maritime Provinces of the aphids of the genus Aphis; collections have been made in various years since 1934. Notes on the dates of collections, hosts, and localities are given for most of the species.

Several species of parasites have played an important part in the biological control of the European spruce sawfly, Gilpina hercyniae (Htg.), in the Maritime Provinces. Most of the parasites were collected in Europe by the Imperial Institute of Entomology (9), and some material was collected in Japan through the cooperation of the United States Bureau of Entomology. The parasites were reared or propagated by the Dominion Parasite Laboratory, Belleville, Ontario (12), and liberated by officers of the Dominion Entomological Laboratory, Fredericton, assisted by other government and company services.

In May, 1948, numerous malformed buds were collected from young spruce trees at Fredericton, N.B. These enlarged buds were about 7 mm. long and 4 mm. in diameter, with lateral scales reflexed and their rosette-like apices loose and open. Dipterous adults emerged in a few days and their identification as Rhabdophaga swainei Felt was confirmed by G. E. Shewell, Systematic Unit, Division of Entomology, Ottawa.

The only references in the literature are Felt's (1) original description of the adults and a mention of the gall by the same author (2).

The following notes are based on field observations made at intervals through 1948 and early 1949 near Fredericton, N.B.

In 1945 a field experiment was designed at the Lethbridge laboratory to augment data on the effect of the time of seeding on infestation by the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort. At that time one of the recommendations for the control of this insect was to delay seeding wheat until after May 15. The resulting crop escaped infestation because of the retarded plant during the period of the sawfly flight.