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Identification of IL-6 as a potential mediator of the myocardial fibrosis that occurs in response to surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in children with Tetralogy of Fallot

Part of: Surgery Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) Basic Science Cardiac Morphology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 June 2021

Hongtao Liu Open the ORCID record for Hongtao Liu [Opens in a new window] ,
Yun Zhang ,
Zhenhai Wu  and
Liangqing Zhang
Hongtao Liu*
Affiliation:
Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Yun Zhang
Affiliation:
Basic Nursing Teaching and Research Section, Guangxi School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
Zhenhai Wu
Affiliation:
Department of Anesthesiology, Liuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
Liangqing Zhang*
Affiliation:
Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
*
Author for correspondence: Hongtao Liu, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Tel: +8615977470206.E-mail: lhtgood@sina.com and Liangqing Zhang, Prof., Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China. Tel: 00860759-2387429; Fax: 00860759-2231754. E-mail: zhanglq1970@163.com
Author for correspondence: Hongtao Liu, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Tel: +8615977470206.E-mail: lhtgood@sina.com and Liangqing Zhang, Prof., Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China. Tel: 00860759-2387429; Fax: 00860759-2231754. E-mail: zhanglq1970@163.com
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Abstract

Background:

Tetralogy of Fallot is a common CHD. Studies have shown a close link between heart failure and myocardial fibrosis. Interleukin-6 has been suggested to be a post-independent factor of heart failure. This study aimed to explore the relationship between IL-6 and myocardial fibrosis during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Material and Methods:

We downloaded the expression profile dataset GSE132176 from Gene Expression Omnibus. After normalising the raw data, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and differential gene expression analysis were performed using R. Further, a weighted gene correlation network analysis and a protein–protein interaction network analysis were used to identify HUB genes. Finally, we downloaded single-cell expression data for HUB genes using PanglaoDB.

Results:

There were 119 differentially expressed genes in right atrium tissues comparing the post-CPB group with the pre-CPB group. IL-6 was found to be significantly up-regulated in the post-CPB group. Six genes (JUN, FOS, ATF3, EGR1, IL-6, and PTGS2) were identified as HUB genes by a weighted gene correlation network analysis and a protein–protein interaction network analysis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that IL-6 affects the myocardium during CPB mainly through the JAK/STAT signalling pathway. Finally, we used PanglaoDB data to analyse the single-cell expression of the HUB genes.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that high expression of IL-6 and the activation of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway during CPB maybe the potential mechanism of myocardial fibrosis. We speculate that the high expression of IL-6 might be an important factor leading to heart failure after ToF surgery. We expect that these findings will provide a basis for the development of targeted drugs.

Keywords

Tetralogy of Fallotmyocardial fibrosiscardiopulmonary bypassIL-6WGCNAGSEA
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , February 2022 , pp. 223 - 229
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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