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Prevalence and predictors of coronary artery disease in adults with Kawasaki disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2014

Jalaj Garg ,
Parasuram Krishnamoorthy ,
Chandrasekar Palaniswamy ,
Rajiv Paudel ,
Saurav Chatterjee ,
Hasan Ahmad  and
Christopher Snyder
Jalaj Garg
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America
Parasuram Krishnamoorthy
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, New Jersey, United States of America
Chandrasekar Palaniswamy
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America
Rajiv Paudel
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America
Saurav Chatterjee*
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, St. Luke’s Roosevelt Hospital, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
Hasan Ahmad
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America
Christopher Snyder
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
*
Correspondence to: S. Chatterjee, MD, Division of Cardiology St. Luke’s Roosevelt Hospital Centre, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10025, United States of America. Tel: 418 988 0084; Fax: 347 244 7148; Email: sauravchatterjeemd@gmail.com
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Abstract

Background: Accelerated coronary atherosclerosis in patients with Kawasaki disease, in conjunction with coronary artery aneurysm and stenosis that characterise this disease, are potential risk factors for developing coronary artery disease in young adults. We aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of coronary artery disease in adult patients with Kawasaki disease. Methods: All patients aged 18−55 years of age diagnosed with Kawasaki disease were sampled from Nationwide Inpatient Sample database using International Classification of Diseases 9th revision (ICD 9 code 446.1) from 2009 to 2010. Demographics, prevalence of coronary artery disease, and other traditional risk factors in adult patients with Kawasaki disease were analysed using ICD 9 codes. Results: The prevalence of Kawasaki disease among adults was 0.0005% (n=215) of all in-hospital admissions in United States. The mean age was 27.3 years with women (27.6 years) older than men (27.1 years). Traditional risk factors were hypertension (21%), hyperlipidaemia (15.6%), diabetes (11.5%), tobacco use (8.8%), and obesity (8.8%), with no significant difference between men and women. Coronary artery disease (32.4%), however, was more prevalent in men (44.7%) than in women (12.1%; p=0.03). In multivariate regression analysis, after adjusting for demographics and traditional risk factors, hypertension (OR=13.2, p=0.03) was an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease. Conclusion: There was increased preponderance of coronary artery disease in men with Kawasaki disease. On multivariate analysis, hypertension was found to be the only independent predictor of coronary artery disease in this population after adjusting for other risk factors.

Keywords

Kawasaki diseasecoronary artery diseasehypertensionpreventionadults
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 25 , Issue 6 , August 2015 , pp. 1124 - 1129
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2014 

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