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Johnson, George W.
1976.
1975 Annual Supplement.
p.
1.
Article contents
Babeuf's Conspiracy Viewed by the Press of the United States
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 December 2008
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Georges Lefebvre concluded his Preface to the 1957 edition of Buonarroti's famous history of Babeuf's conspiracy with a sort of challenge to historians, saying that the final word on it still remains to be said. Whether Lefebvre's summons to further research on the subject has been a cause of new studies cannot be answered. All that can be said is that historians have continued to lift the veil on some hitherto obscure aspects of this conspiracy. Evidence of this trend was produced at the International Colloquium of Stockholm on August 21, 1960, to commemorate Babeuf's birthday.1 What appeared to be comparatively new was the emphasis on the impact of Babouvism outside of France. This was shown in three papers, two on Germany and one on the Austrian Tyrol. The two on Germany2 dwell on the reporting of the movement in the German press. We are told that alongside the generally turgid and hostile accounts there were analyses of Babouvist ideas in Minerva, the review of Hamburg, drawn from Le Tribun du peuple and the dossiers of the Babouvist trial. This review ran as many as ten articles on Babeuf and Drouet, who was boosted into prominence because of his official standing. The third paper3 suggests the probability of Babouvist infiltration among the insurgent Tirolese peasants early in the nineteenth century. It has also been shown elsewhere that Babeuf's organization served as a model, both in structure and methods, for the Italian underground, Società dei Raggi, that reached out from Piedmont to Romagna with the object of uniting the peninsula.4
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References
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page 92 note 2 Copie des pièces saisies dans le local que Baboeuf occupoit lors de son arrestation, pp. 15–18, 25–26; also published as a small pamphlet, Le comité insurrecteur de salut public, au peuple, Acte d'Insurrection.
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page 99 note 1 Aurora, General Advertiser (Philadelphia), May 12, 1796; South Carolina State Gazette, May 31, 1796.
page 100 note 1 Gazette of the United States, May 12, 1796; Aurora, General Advertiser, May 12, 1796; Federal Gazette and Baltimore Daily Advertiser, May 18, 1796; The Argus or Greenleaf's New Daily Advertiser (New York), 05 11, 1796.Google Scholar
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page 100 note 3 June 25, 1796.
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page 101 note 2 Manning, William, The Key of Libberty (Billerica, Mass., 1922).Google Scholar It was published by Samuel Eliot Morison with a Foreword on Manning.
page 102 note 1 Ibid., p. 51.
page 102 note 2 Suite de la copie des pièces saisies, pp. 235–239; also in Débats du procès instruit par la Haute-Cour de Justice contre Drouet, Baboeuf et autres, II, pp. 204–207.Google Scholar It was summarized by many newspapers. See, e.g., The Connecticut Courant (Hartford), 08 1, 1796;Google Scholar The Massachusetts Mercury, August 5, 1796; Greenleaf's New York Journal and Patriotic Register, July 29, 1796.
page 103 note 1 E.g., The Massachusetts Mercury, August 5 and 12, 1796; The Eastern Herald (Portland, Me.), August 22, 1796; The New York Argus, August 1 and 8, 1796; Gazette of the United States, August 8, 1796; Greenleaf's New York Journal, August 2 and 9, 1796; The Columbian Mirror and Alexandria Gazette, August 16, 1796; The Lancaster Journal, August 19, 1796; Carlisle Weekly Gazette (Pa.), August 17, 1796.
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page 105 note 1 For a good biographic summation of Babeuf's early years, see Mazauric, Claude, Babeuf et la conspiration pour l'égalité (Paris, 1962), pp. 55–71.Google Scholar The most complete account is by Dalin, V. M., Grakch Babef (Moscow, 1963).Google Scholar
page 105 note 2 The Connecticut Courant, July 11, 1796; Greenleaf's New York journal, July 15, 1796; Gazette of the United States, July 13, 1796; The Columbian Centinel (Boston), 07 9, 1796;Google Scholar The Salem Gazette (Mass.), July 12, 1796; United States Chronicle, July 14, 1796. For the titles of the two addresses see p. 98, note 3.
page 105 note 3 Among the newspapers that published or summarized the Acte d'insurrection and related pieces are: The Eastern Herald, August 22, 1796; The Massachusetts Mercury, August 5 and 12, 1796; Greenleaf's New York Journal, August 2 and 9, 1796; New York Argus, August 1, 1796; Gazette of the United States, August 8, 1796; The Columbian Mirror and Alexandria Gazette, August 16, 1796; The Carlisle Weekly Gazette, November 2, 1796; South Carolina State Gazette, November 2, 1796; The Lancaster Journal, June 17, 1796.
page 106 note 1 August 5, 1796.
page 106 note 2 May 19, 1797.
page 106 note 3 April 6 and July 27, 1796.
page 106 note 4 July 4, 1796.
page 107 note 1 The Minerva (New York), April 28, 1797; Aurora, May 2 and August 2, 1797; Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser (Philadelphia), 04 15, 1797;Google Scholar Carlisle Weekly Gazette, August 3, 1797; The Western Star, August 7, 1797; The Albany Gazette, August 7, 1797.
page 107 note 2 New York Herald: A Gazette for the Country, October 22, 1796; The Massachusetts Mercury, October 21, 1796; Gazette of the United States, October 20, 1796; also Aurora, October 4, 1796; The Connecticut Courant, October 31, 1796; The Western Star, November 7, 1796; The Lancaster Journal, October 28, 1796; The Virginia Herald (Fredericksburg), November 1, 1796; Norfolk Herald (Va.), October 31, 1796.
page 107 note 3 See, e.g. The Providence Gazette (R.I.), September 16, 1797.
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