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Modulations of turbulent/non-turbulent interfaces by particles in turbulent boundary layers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2024

Qingqing Wei Open the ORCID record for Qingqing Wei [Opens in a new window] ,
Ping Wang Open the ORCID record for Ping Wang [Opens in a new window]  and
Xiaojing Zheng Open the ORCID record for Xiaojing Zheng [Opens in a new window]
Qingqing Wei
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, The Ministry of Education of China, Department of Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
Ping Wang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, The Ministry of Education of China, Department of Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
Xiaojing Zheng*
Affiliation:
Research Center for Applied Mechanics, School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, PR China
*
†Email address for correspondence: xjzheng@xidian.edu.cn
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Abstract

A spatially developing flat-plate boundary layer free from and two-way coupled with inertial solid particles is simulated to investigate the interaction between particles and the turbulent/non-turbulent interface. Particle Stokes numbers based on the outer scale are $St=2$ (low), 11 (moderate) and 53 (high). The Eulerian–Lagrangian point-particle approach is deployed for the simulation of particle-laden flow. The outer edge of the turbulent/non-turbulent interface layer is detected as an iso-surface of vorticity magnitude. Results show that the particles tend to accumulate below the interface due to the centrifugal effect of large-scale vortices in the outer region of wall turbulence and the combined barrier effect of potential flow. Consequently, the conditionally averaged fluid velocity and vorticity vary more significantly across the interface through momentum exchange and the feedback of force in the enstrophy transport. The large-scale structures in the outer layer of turbulence become smoother and less inclined in particle-laden flow due to the modulation of turbulence by the inertial particles. As a result, the geometric features of the interface layer are changed, namely, the spatial undulation increases, the fractal dimension decreases and the thickness becomes thinner in particle-laden flow as compared with unladen case. These effects become more pronounced as particle inertia increases.

JFM classification

Turbulent Flows: Intermittency Turbulent Flows: Turbulent boundary layers
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 983 , 25 March 2024 , A15
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

‡

Q. Wei, P. Wang and X. Zheng contributed equally to this work.

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