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⁴⁹ Printed in Westergaard, ‘Account’, p. 58.

⁵⁰ RA, COC, 400, Miscellaneous Information 1760–1848, VII, ‘Various military accounts’.

⁵¹ RA, COC, 533, The British Occupation of the West Indies 1801–1807, ‘Report of Casimir von Scholten’, 11 January 1801.

⁵² RA, COC, 533, The British Occupation of the West Indies 1801–1807, ‘Further Reports’.

⁵³ Ibid., ‘Proceedings of the St Thomas Burgher Council’, 13 March 1801.

⁵⁴ Ibid.

⁵⁵ Ibid., ‘Letter from Lieutenant-General Thomas Trigge to the Colonial Government of St Thomas’, 1801.

⁵⁶ Vibæk, Jens, Vore gamle tropekolonier bind 2: Dansk Vestindien 1755–1848 (Our ancient tropical colonies, volume 2: the Danish West Indies 1755–1848), Copenhagen: Fremad, 1966, pp. 224–225Google Scholar

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⁶¹ Comparison of the volume of incoming ships with the actual tax revenue gained by the colonies seems to confirm this. These documents are located in: RA, COC, 400, Miscellaneous information 1760–1848, VII; RA, COC, 490, Extracts and calculations concerning the West India trade, customs and shipping 1764–1856, ‘Beregning af specification (Calculations of specifications)’.

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⁶⁶ RA, Government-General, 2.41, Files concerning piracy, 1818–25.

⁶⁷ On this point in general and its consequences for regional politics in specific, see Blaufarb, ‘Western question’; Lauren Benton, ‘Strange sovereignty: the Provincia Oriental in the Atlantic world’, 20/10, El Mundo Atlántico y la Modernidad Iberoamericano, 1750–1850, forthcoming.

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⁷⁰ RA, Government-General, 2.42, The case against Jean Jayet de Beaupré and others concerning piracy, 1828–1829, ‘Court papers, St Thomas’.

⁷¹ Ibid., undated newspaper clippings from the St Kitts Advertiser.

⁷² On their alleged involvement in the illegal slave trade to Cuba by the Dutch schooner Zee Bloem, see ‘Mr. Secretary George Canning to the right hon. Frederick Lamb, Foreign Office, 4 April 1825, including 15 enclosures’, in British and foreign state papers vol. 12, London: HMSO, 1846, pp. 242–51. It is interesting here to note that the merchant house was seemingly involved with ships sailing under Dutch, French, Danish, and various Latin American flags.

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