Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T23:59:51.607Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Middle Ordovician agglutinated foraminifera including Reophax from the Mifflin Formation, Platteville Group of Illinois

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2016

Raymond C. Gutschick
Raymond C. Gutschick*
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-1020
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Agglutinated siliceous foraminifera occur in the Middle Ordovician (Blackriveran) Mifflin Formation of the Platteville Group in northern Illinois. The fauna consists of globular saccamminids and a new form Reophax blackriveranus n. sp. which records the oldest validated representative of this genus. This marks the earliest known occurrence of agglutinated foraminifera with multichambered uniserial tests of progressively expanding chambers from the proloculus to the aperture. This early innovation of test morphology was probably developed to control unfavorable changes in the water chemistry of the environment.

Mifflin lithofacies consist of light gray, thin, wavy-bedded, lithographic limestone and fine-grained dolomite with green shale interbeds, thin calcarenite layers with graded bedding, a K-bentonite ash layer and hardground corrosion bedding surfaces. Mifflin biofacies include the foraminiferan fauna, brachiopods and molluscan shelly faunas, bryozoans, trilobites, ostracodes, echinoderms, solitary corals, conodonts, chitinozoans, scolecodonts, sponges and trace fossils particularly Chondrites.

The Mifflin strata were deposited on an exceedingly gentle slope off the Pecatonica carbonate platform which flanked the Wisconsin Arch. Thin Mifflin clinothem limestone beds wedge out into shales in the moderately deep (<200 m) aerobic starved basin in eastern Iowa. This occurred in south tropical seas during a eustatic rise in sealevel and major marine transgression. Reophax is associated with saccamminids in the benthos of the marine upper foreslope. Apparently slope-dwelling Reophax foraminifera of the Ordovician were displaced downslope into the basin by the rapid development and expansion of hyperamminids which occupy the lower and middle foreslope in the Mississippian.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 60 , Issue 2 , March 1986 , pp. 233 - 248
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bretsky, P. W. and Tofel, J. E. 1983. Paleogeographic changes in Platteville (Middle Ordovician) Archeogastropods. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, 15:225.Google Scholar
Bromley, R. G. and Ekdale, A. A. 1984. Chondrites: a trace fossil indicator of anoxia in sediments. Science, 224:872–874.Google Scholar
Brönnimann, P. and Whittaker, J. E. 1980. A revision of Reophax and its type-species, with remarks on several other Recent hormosinid species (Protozoa: Foraminiferida) in the collections of the British Museum (Natural History). British Museum Natural History (Zoology), Bulletin, 39(5):259–272.Google Scholar
Carroll, W. K. 1979. Depositional environments and paragenetic porosity controls, Upper Red River Formation, North Dakota. Report of Investigation, 66, North Dakota Geological Survey, 51 p.Google Scholar
Chapman, Frederick. 1923. Report on fossils from an Upper Cambrian horizon at Loyola, near Mansfield, Australia. Geological Survey of Victoria Bulletin, 46 (App. 1):34–45.Google Scholar
Conkin, J. E. 1961. Mississippian smaller foraminifera of Kentucky, southern Indiana, northern Tennessee, and south-central Ohio. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 43(196):131–368.Google Scholar
Conkin, J. E. and Conkin, B. M. 1964. Mississippian foraminifera of the United States Part 1—the Northview Formation of Missouri. Micropaleontology, 10:19–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conkin, J. E. and Conkin, B. M. 1965. Ordovician (Richmondian) foraminifera from Oklahoma, Missouri, Illinois, and Kentucky. Oklahoma Geology Notes, 25:207–221.Google Scholar
Conkin, J. E. and Conkin, B. M. 1979. North American Ordovician agglutinate foraminifera. University of Louisville Studies in Paleontology and Stratigraphy, 8:1–24.Google Scholar
Conkin, J. E. and Conkin, B. M. 1981. Early Mississippian (Kinderhookian) smaller foraminifera from the McCraney Limestone of Missouri and Illinois. University of Louisville Studies in Paleontology and Stratigraphy, 15:1–40.Google Scholar
Conkin, J. E. and Conkin, B. M. 1982. North American Paleozoic agglutinate foraminifera, p. 177–191. In Buzas, M. A. and Sen Gupta, B. K., Foraminifera Notes for a Short Course. University of Tennessee Department of Geological Sciences, Studies in Geology, 6:177–191.Google Scholar
Conkin, J. E., Conkin, B. M. and Thurman, E. D. 1979. Inaurus and Sorosphaerella, new genera of Paleozoic agglutinate foraminifera and their stratigraphic significance. University of Louisville Studies in Paleontology and Stratigraphy, 10:1–12.Google Scholar
Conkin, J. E. et al. 1981. Devonian and Early Mississippian smaller foraminiferans of southern Indiana and northwestern Kentucky, p. 87–112. In Roberts, T. G. (ed.), Geological Society of America, Cincinnati '81 Field Trip Guidebooks, v. 1: Stratigraphy, sedimentology.Google Scholar
Coron, C. R. 1969. Ohio Ordovician arenaceous foraminifera. Unpublished senior thesis, Ohio State University, Columbus.Google Scholar
Cushman, J. A. 1930. Notes on Early Paleozoic foraminifera. Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, Contribution 5:25–27.Google Scholar
Cushman, J. A. 1933. Foraminifera, Their Classification and Economic Use, 2nd edition. Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication 4, Sharon, Massachusetts, 349 p.Google Scholar
Cushman, J. A. 1948. Foraminifera, Their Classification and Economic Use, 4th edition. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 588 p.Google Scholar
Cutler, Bruce and Sloan, R. E. 1983. Chitinozoa from the Glenwood and Platteville formations (Mid Ordovician). Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 15:260.Google Scholar
Duszynska, Stanislawa. 1959. Devonian foraminifers from Wydryszow (Holy Cross Mountains). Acta Palaeontologia Polonica, 4(1):71–89.Google Scholar
Ekdale, A. A. 1980. Trace fossils in deep sea drilling project leg 58 cores. Initial Reports Deep Sea Drilling Project, 58:601–605.Google Scholar
Ellis, B.F. and Messina, A. R. 1940–1982. Catalogue of the Foraminifera. American Museum of Natural History, New York; Supplements (yearly).Google Scholar
Galvin, S. and Byers, C. W. 1976. Middle Ordovician (Black Riveran) communities in Wisconsin—Mifflin Submember of the Platteville Formation. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 8:880–881.Google Scholar
Gutschick, R. C. 1954a. A new species of Astraeospongia from the Middle Ordovician of northern Illinois. Journal of Paleontology, 28:430–433.Google Scholar
Gutschick, R. C. 1954b. Holothurian sclerites from the Middle Ordovician of northern Illinois. Journal of Paleontology, 28:827–829.Google Scholar
Gutschick, R. C. 1962. Arenaceous foraminifera from oncolites in the Mississippian Sappington Formation of Montana. Journal of Paleontology, 36:1291–1304.Google Scholar
Gutschick, R. C. and Sandberg, C. A. 1983. Mississippian continental margins of the conterminous United States, p. 79–96. In Stanley, D. J. and Moore, G. T. (eds.), The Shelfbreak: Critical Interface on Continental Margins. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Special Publication, 33.Google Scholar
Gutschick, R. C. and Treckman, J. F. 1959. Arenaceous foraminifera from the Rockford Limestone of northern Indiana. Journal of Paleontology, 33:229–250.Google Scholar
Gutschick, R. C., Weiner, J. L. and Young, Leighton. 1961. Lower Mississippian arenaceous foraminifera from Oklahoma, Texas, and Montana. Journal of Paleontology, 35:1193–1221.Google Scholar
Harlton, B. H. 1933. Micropaleontology of the Pennsylvanian Johns Valley Shale of the Ouachita Mountains, Oklahoma and its relationship to the Mississippian Caney Shale. Journal of Paleontology, 7:3–29.Google Scholar
Harris, T. M. 1974. Williamsoniella lignieri: its pollen and the compaction of spherical pollen grains. Palaeontology, 17:125–148.Google Scholar
Jansonius, J. and Jenkins, W. A. M. 1978. Chitinozoa, p. 341–357. In Haq, B. U. and Boersma, Anne (eds.), Introduction to Marine Micropaleontology. Elsevier, New York.Google Scholar
Kjellesvig, E. N. 1934. Trenton foraminifera from New York. Geological Society of America Proceedings, 1933:340.Google Scholar
Kolata, D. R. 1975. Middle Ordovician echinoderms from northern Illinois and southern Wisconsin. Paleontological Society Memoir 7, Journal of Paleontology, 49(3), part 2, 74 p.Google Scholar
Lenz, A. C. 1982. Ordovician to Devonian sealevel changes in western and northern Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 19:1919–1932.Google Scholar
Loeblich, A. R. Jr. et al. 1964. Protista 2, Part C, v. 1, 510 p. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Loeblich, A. R. Jr. and Tappan, Helen. 1974. Recent advances in the classification of the foraminifera, p. 1–53, In Hedley, R. H. and Adams, C. G. (eds.), Foraminifera 1, Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Loeblich, A. R. Jr. and Tappan, Helen. 1984. Suprageneric classification of the Foraminiferida (Protozoa). Micropaleontology, 30:1–70.Google Scholar
Longman, M. W. 1982. Depositional setting and regional characteristics; depositional environments, p. 6–10; 17–29. In Sprinkle, James (ed.), Echinoderm faunas from the Bromide Formation (Middle Ordovician) of Oklahoma. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Monograph 1, 369 p.Google Scholar
Longman, M. W., Fertal, T. G. and Glennie, J. S. 1983. Origin and geometry of Red River dolomite reservoirs, western Williston Basin. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 67:744–771.Google Scholar
Marszalek, D. S., Wright, R. C. and Hay, W. W. 1969. Function of the test in foraminifera. Transactions, Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies, 19:341–352.Google Scholar
Moore, W. C. 1952. Preliminary report on the occurrence of Ordovician foraminifera near Catawba, Virginia. Virginia Journal of Science, 3:334.Google Scholar
Moreman, W. L. 1930. Arenaceous foraminifera from Ordovician and Silurian limestones of Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology, 4:42–59.Google Scholar
Moreman, W. L. 1933. Arenaceous foraminifera from the Lower Paleozoic rocks of Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology, 7:393–397.Google Scholar
Mound, M. C. 1968. Arenaceous Foraminiferida and zonation of the Silurian rocks of northern Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin, 38, 126 p.Google Scholar
Plummer, H. J. 1945. Smaller foraminifera in the Marble Falls, Smithwick, and Lower Strawn strata around the Llano uplift in Texas. University of Texas Publication, 4401:209–271.Google Scholar
Prokopovich, N. 1955. The nature of corrosion zones in the Middle Ordovician of Minnesota. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 25:207–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rich, J. L. 1951. Three critical environments of deposition, and criteria for recognition of rocks deposited in each of them. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 62:1–20.Google Scholar
Roberts, J. E. 1972. Agglutinated foraminifera from the Devonian of Wisconsin. Unpublished M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 125 p.Google Scholar
Sandberg, C. A. and Gutschick, R. C. 1984. Distribution, microfauna, and source-rock potential of Mississippian Delle Phosphatic Member of the Woodman Formation and equivalents, Utah and adjacent states, p. 135–178. In Woodward, Jane, Meissner, F. F. and Clayton, J. L. (eds.), Hydrocarbon Source Rocks of the Greater Rocky Mountain region, Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, Denver, Colorado.Google Scholar
Seddon, George and Sweet, W. C. 1971. An ecological model for conodonts. Journal of Paleontology, 45:869–880.Google Scholar
Shourd, M. L. and Levin, H. L. 1976. Chondrites in the Upper Plattin Subgroup (Middle Ordovician) of eastern Missouri. Journal of Paleontology, 50:260–268.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C. 1979. Conodonts and conodont biostratigraphy of post-Tyrone Ordovician rocks of the Cincinnati region. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1066G, 26 p.Google Scholar
Templeton, J. S. and Willman, H. B. 1952. Central northern Illinois, Guidebook for 16th Annual Field Conference, Tri-state Geological Society. Illinois State Geological Survey, Guidebook Series 2, 47 p.Google Scholar
Templeton, J. S. and Willman, H. B. 1963. Champlainian Series (Middle Ordovician) in Illinois. Illinois State Geological Survey, Bulletin 89, 260 p.Google Scholar
Votaw, R. B. 1980. Middle Ordovician conodonts from the Kentland structure, Indiana. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 12:259.Google Scholar
Webers, G. F. 1966. The Middle and Upper Ordovician conodont faunas of Minnesota. Minnesota Geological Survey, SP-4 Special Publication Series, 123 p.Google Scholar
Weiss, M. P. 1958. Corrosion zones: a modified hypothesis of their origin. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 28:486–489.Google Scholar
Willman, H. B. and Kolata, D. R. 1978. The Platteville and Galena groups in northern Illinois. Illinois State Geological Survey, Circular 502, 75 p.Google Scholar
Winfree, K. E., Dott, R. H. Jr. and Byers, C. W. 1983. Depositional environments of the St. Peter Sandstone of the upper Midwest. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 15:214.Google Scholar
Witzke, B. J. 1980. Middle and Upper Ordovician paleogeography of the region bordering the Transcontinental Arch, p. 1–18. In Fouch, T. D. and Magathan, E. R. (eds.), Paleozoic Paleogeography of West-Central United States. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Rocky Mountain Section, West-Central United States Paleogeography Symposium, 1.Google Scholar