Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-hfldf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-03T11:25:15.165Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Larval morphology and ontogeny of an Upper Devonian phacopid: Nephranops from Thuringia, Germany

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Catherine Crônier*
Affiliation:
Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille 1, UMR 8014 et FR 1818 du CNRS, Laboratoire de Paléontologie et Paléogéographie du Paléozoïque, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France,

Abstract

The recovery of well-preserved silicified immature exuviae allows the first description of the early ontogeny of the phacopid Nephranops incisus incisus from the lower Famennian of Thuringia (central Germany). Evidence is presented that both planktonic and benthic protaspid larval stages were present in phacopid trilobites. Ontogenetic meraspid changes of this species are similar to those of Weyerites and Phacops, supporting the close phyletic relationships between these genera and the ontogenetic homogeneity of the Phacopidae.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alberti, G. K. B. 1970. Zur Augenreduktion bei devonischen Trilobiten Mit Beschreibung von Nephranops franconicus n. sp. aus dem Oberdevon Ix von Oberfranken. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 41:145160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alberti, H. 1972. Ontogenie des Trilobiten Phacops accipitrinus. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 141:136.Google Scholar
Barrande, J. 1852. Système Silurien du Centre de la Bohème: lère partie, Crustacés, Trilobites. Prague, 1:1935.Google Scholar
Beecher, C. E. 1893. Larval forms of trilobites from the lower Helderberg group. American Journal of Sciences, 46:142147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brenner, C. M., Owen, A. W., and Clarkson, E. N. K.Submissed. Ontogeny of the Middle Ordovician trilobite Calyptaulax strasburgensis from silicified material from northern Virginia, USA. Paleontology.Google Scholar
Chatterton, B. D. E. 1971. Taxonomy and ontogeny of Siluro-Devonian trilobites from near Yass, New South Wales. Palaeontographica Abt. A, 137:1108.Google Scholar
Chatterton, B. D. E. 1980. Ontogenetic studies of Middle Ordovician trilobites from the Esbataottine Formation, Mackenzie Mountains, Canada. Palaeontographica Abt. A, 171:174.Google Scholar
Chatterton, B. D. E., Edgecombe, G. D., Vaccari, N. E., and Waisfeld, B. G. 1999. Ontogenies of some Ordovician Telephinidae from Argentina, and larval patterns in the Proetida (Trilobita). Journal of Paleontology, 73: 219239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chatterton, B. D. E., Siveter, D. J., Edgecombe, G. D, and Hunt, A. S. 1990. Larvae and relationships of the Calymenina (Trilobita). Journal of Paleontology, 64:255277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chatterton, B. D. E., and Speyer, S. E. 1989. Larval ecology, life history strategies, and patterns of extinction and survivorship among Ordovician trilobites. Paleobiology, 15:118132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chatterton, B. D. E., and Speyer, S. E. 1997. Ontogeny, p. 173247. In Kaesler, R. L. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita 1 (revised). Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Chlupáč, I. 1977. The phacopid trilobites of the Silurian and Devonian of Czechoslovakia. Vydal Ustredni ustav geologicky, 43:1164.Google Scholar
Clarke, J. M. 1885 Die Fauna des Iberger Kalkes. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, Beilage-Band, 3:316411Google Scholar
Cooper, G. A. 1930. Upper Ordovician and Lower Devonian stratigraphy and paleontology of Percé, Québec, Pt. 2, New species from the Upper Ordovician of Percé. American Journal of Sciences, 20:265392.Google Scholar
Cooper, B. N. 1953. Trilobites from the lower Champlainian formations of the Appalachian Valley. Geological Society of America Memoir, 55:169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crônier, C. 2003. Systematic relationships of the blind phacopine trilobite Trimerocephalus, with a new species from Causses-et-Veyran, Montagne Noire. Acta Paleontologica Polonica, 48:5570.Google Scholar
Crônier, C., Bartzsch, K., Weyer, W., and Feist, R. 1999. Larval morphology and ontogeny of a Late Devonian phacopid with reduced sight from Thuringia, Germany. Journal of Paleontology, 73:240255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crônier, C., and Courville, P. 2003. Variations du rythme du développement chez les trilobites Phacopidae néodévoniens. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2:577585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crónier, C., and Feist, R. 1997. Morphologie et évolution ontogénétique de Trimerocephalus lelievrei nov. sp., premier trilobite phacopidé aveugle du Famennien nord-africain. Geobios, Mémoire Spécial, 20: 161170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crônier, C., Renaud, S., Feist, R., and Auffray, J.-C. 1998. Ontogeny of Trimerocephalus lelievrei (Trilobita, Phacopida) a representative of the Late Devonian phacopine paedomorphocline: a morphometric approach. Paleobiology, 24:359370.Google Scholar
Delo, D. M. 1940. Phacopid trilobites of North America. Geological Society of America, Special papers, 29:1135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drevermann, F. 1901. Die Fauna der oberdevonischen Tuffbreccie von Langenaubach bei Haiger. Jahrbuch der Preußischen Geologischen Landesanstalt, 1900:99207.Google Scholar
Edgecombe, G. D., Chatterton, B. D. E., VAccari, N. E., and Waisfeld, B. G. 1997. Ontogeny of the proetoid trilobite Stenoblepharum, and relationships of a new species from the Upper Ordovician of Argentina. Journal of Paleontology, 71:419433.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emmrich, H. F. 1839. De Trilobitis: dissertatio petrefactologica quam consensu et auctoritate amplissimi philosophorum ordinis in alma litterarum universitate Friderica Guilelma pro summis in philisophia honoribus / Hermanus Frider Emmerich. Thesis. Philos-Univ, Friderica Guilelma, Berlin, 56 p.Google Scholar
Feist, R. 1995. Effect of paedomorphosis in eye reduction on patterns of evolution and extinction in trilobites, p. 225244. In McNamara, K. J. (ed.), Evolutionary Change and Heterochrony. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester, New York.Google Scholar
Füchsel, G. C. 1761. Historia terrae et maris, ex historia Thuringiae, per montium discriptionem eruta. Akademie gemeinnützuger Wissenschaften zu Erfurt (Acta Academiae Electoralis Moguntinae Scientiarum Utilium quae Erfurti est), 2:44208.Google Scholar
Gortani, M. 1907. Contribuzioni allo studio del Paleozoico Carnico. III. La Fauna a Climenie del Monte Primosio. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, 4:201245.Google Scholar
Gürich, G. 1896. Das Palaeozoicum im Polnischen Mittelgebirge. Verhandlungen der Russisch-Kaiserlichen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft, 32:1539.Google Scholar
Hahn, G., and Hahn, R. 1975. Die Trilobiten des Ober-Devon, Karbon und Perm. Leitfossilien 1:1127.Google Scholar
Hawle, I., and Corda, A. J. C. 1847. Prodom einer Monographie der böhmischen Trilobiten. Abhandlungen der königlischen böhemischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, 5:1176.Google Scholar
Jahnke, H. 1969. Phacops zinkeni F. A. Roemer 1843. Ein Beispiel für eine ontogenetische Entwicklung bei Phacopiden (Trilobitae, Unterdevon). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 133:309324.Google Scholar
Kayser, E. 1878. Die Fauna der ältesten Devon-Ablagerungen des Harzes. Abhandlungen zur geologischen Spezialkarte von Preußen und den Thüringischen Staaten 2, Berlin, 295p.Google Scholar
Lerosey-Aubril, R., and Feist, R. 2005. First Carboniferous protaspid larvae (Trilobita). Journal of Paleontology, 79:702718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lütke, F. 1968. Trilobiten aus dem Oberdevon des Südwest-Harzes—Stratigraphie, Biotop und Systematik. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, 49:119191.Google Scholar
Maksimova, Z. A. 1955. Trilobity srednego i verchnego devona Urala i severnych Mugodzar. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Nauchno-Issledovatelskogo Geologicheskogo Instituta (VSEGEI), 3:1263(In Russian).Google Scholar
Osmólska, H. 1963. On some Famennian Phacopinae (Trilobita) from the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 8:495523.Google Scholar
Perna, A. 1915. Upper Devonian trilobites from the environs of the town Vierkhnie-Uralsk. Mémoires du Comité Géologique, Nouvelle Série, Petrograd, 138:156.Google Scholar
Pfeiffer, H. 1954. Der Bohlen bei Saalfeld/Thür. Beiheft zur Zeitschrift, Geologie, 11:1105.Google Scholar
Phillips, J. 1841. Figures and descriptions of the Palaeozoic fossils of Cornwall, Devon and West Somerset. Geological Survey of Great Britain and Ireland, 231 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raymond, P. E. 1905. Trilobites of the Chazy limestone. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 3:328386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reed, F. R. 1905. Classification of the Phacopidae. Geological Magazine, 2:172178,224-228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richter, Reinhard. 1856. Beitrag zur Paläontologie des Thüringer Waldes. Erster Teil. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, 11:87138.Google Scholar
Richter, Rudolf. 1922. Über einen Fall äußerster Rückbildung des schizochroalen Trilobiten-Auges. Centralblatt für Mineralogie:344352.Google Scholar
Richter, Rudolf, and Richter, E. 1926. Die Trilobiten des Oberdevons. Beiträge zur Kenntnis devonischer Trilobiten IV. Abhandlungen der Preußsischen Geologischen Landesanstalt, 99:1314.Google Scholar
Richter, Rudolf, and Richter, E. 1955. 1. Trilobiten aus der Prolobites-Stufe III. 2. Phylogenie der oberdevonischen Phacopidae. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, 36:4972.Google Scholar
Roemer, F. A. 1843. Die Versteinerungen des Harzgebirges. Hahn, Hannover, 40 p.Google Scholar
Roemer, F. A. 1866. Beiträge zur geologischen Kenntnis des nordwestlichen Harzgebirges. Fünfte Abtheilung. Palaeontographica, 13:201235.Google Scholar
Snajdr, M. 1990. Bohemian trilobites. Geological Survey, Prague, 265 p.Google Scholar
Wedekind, R. 1914. Paläontologische Beiträge zur Geologie des Kellerwaldes. Abhandlungen der Königlischen Preußischen Geologischen Landesanstalt, N.F. 69:184.Google Scholar
Weyer, D., and Bartzsch, K. 1978. Exkursion A. Das Oberdevon des Bohlen bei Saalfeld (Thüringisches Schiefergebirge), p. 2021. In Pfeiffer, H. (ed.), Kurzreferate und Exkursionsführer “Das Devon im Südteil der DDR,” Tagung [Fachbereich Geologie], Berlin(Gesellschaft für Geologische Wissenschaften der DDR), 57 p.Google Scholar
Whittington, H. B. 1956. Beecher's supposed odontopleurid protaspis is a phacopid. Journal of Paleontology, 30: 104–9.Google Scholar
Whittington, H. B., and Campbell, K. S. W. 1967. Silicified Silurian trilobites from Maine. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Anatomy, 135: 447483.Google Scholar
Whittington, H. B., and Kelly, S. R. A. 1997. Morphological terms applied to Trilobita, p. 313329. In Kaesler, R. L. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita 1 (revised). Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, 530 p.Google Scholar