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Lyre-shaped hornerid bryozoan colonies: homeomorphy in colony form between Paleozoic Fenestrata and Cenozoic Cyclostomata

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Frank K. McKinney ,
Paul D. Taylor  and
Victor A. Zullo
Frank K. McKinney
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608
Paul D. Taylor
Affiliation:
Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, England
Victor A. Zullo
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Wilmington 28403
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Abstract

Reticulate Hornera reteramae (Bryozoa, order Cyclostomata) have been discovered as free-lying, lyre-shaped colonies in the Castle Hayne Limestone (Eocene) in North Carolina. These specimens represent a striking instance of homeomorphy in colony form with the Late Mississippian genera Lyropora and Lyroporella of the order Fenestrata.

Bryozoans with reticulate growth habit most commonly develop upright colonies. Living representatives generally grow in quiet environments or microenvironments, and fossils are generally found in situ in quiet-water deposits. However, lyre-shaped Hornera reteramae occur in skeletal packstones inferred to have been deposited in a moderate-energy, shallow, open shelf environment near normal wave base. Upper Mississippian lyre-shaped colonies are preserved in skeletal packstones and grainstones in localized channels or on upper surfaces of low-angle cross-bedded sheets interpreted as high-energy, marine shoal deposits. Modification of the reticulate growth habit to low, peripherally weighted, free-lying structures apparently allowed invasion of higher energy sand bottoms, both in Mississippian and Eocene times.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 67 , Issue 3 , May 1993 , pp. 343 - 354
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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