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Ethnic Diversity in Eastern Austria: The Case of Burgenland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Werner Holzer  and
Rainer Münz
Werner Holzer
Affiliation:
Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna
Rainer Münz
Affiliation:
Humboldt University, Berlin
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Extract

Unlike the Habsburg Empire, the Republic of Austria established in 1918 saw and sees itself basically as an ethnically homogeneous state—as did the Weimar Republic and Federal Republic of Germany. Austria's constitution of 1920 made German the official language, just as Hungarian became the official language in Hungary. The relatively high degree of ethnic homogeneity in Austria and Hungary were a result of the collapse of the multi-ethnic Austro-Hungarian Empire and the new borders of these two successor states. Before 1918, the German-speaking and Hungarian-speaking population of the Empire were politically dominant, but. from a quantitative point of view, “minorities.” It was only the borders established by the Entente in the peace treaties of Saint-Germain and Trianon that reduced Austria and Hungary geographically to two territories, in which the German-speaking population on one side and the Hungarian on the other also became numerically superior, while creating large German and Hungarian minorities in the neighboring countries of Italy, Czechoslovakia, Romania, and SHS-Yugoslavia.

Type
Articles
Information
Nationalities Papers , Volume 23 , Issue 4: Twentieth Anniversary Issue , December 1995 , pp. 697 - 723
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 Association for the Study of Nationalities of Eastern Europe and ex-USSR, Inc 

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