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A Barrow-Cemetery of the Second Millennium B.C. in Wiltshire, England

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2014

Patricia M. Christie
Affiliation:
Bay's Cottage, Henham, Bishop's Stortford, Herts

Extract

The fine round barrow described below was the second of two excavated on behalf of the Ministry of Public Building and Works during the summer of 1961. The site, which is on Upper Chalk with Flint, is the eastern outlier of a linear barrow cemetery on Earl's Farm Down, and lies at 400 feet on the western slope of Beacon Hill (fig. 1) south of the main Amesbury-Andover road (O.S. National Grid: SU/184419, Sheet 167).

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Prehistoric Society 1968

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References

page 336 note 1 For the first barrow (Amesbury, G. 70), see Wilts. Arch. Mag. (hereafter W.A.M.), LIX, 1964, 30Google Scholar.

page 339 note 1 Similar tool marks were noted in the cremation pit of Amesbury, G. 70.

page 339 note 2 Full identification was not possible, owing to the subsequent loss of this material.

page 341 note 1 All stake circles were sectioned at four points, under the main baulks.

page 342 note 1 N.B. the post was noted in the west face of the north baulk but is shown as projected in the drawn section (plate XL, section C–D) of the east face.

page 342 note 2 This build-up at the periphery of the mound on a down-hill slope in the south and west was also noted, to a lesser extent, in Amesbury, G. 70.

page 343 note 1 For inhumations, see Appendix I, for cremations. Appendix II.

page 343 note 2 This material was not able to be identified, but in view of its position in relation to the skeleton, it is believed to be hair.

page 344 note 1 The writer is indebted to Mrs B. Westley for this information. Other animal bones from the upper levels of the mound and outer ditch were seen to be unremarkable and typical of such a site.

page 347 note 1 Many barrows, even as large as the present one. were ploughed in the 18th century.

page 347 note 2 See Antiquity XLI (1967), 289301Google Scholar.

page 347 note 3 W.A.M., LIX, 1964, 33Google Scholar.

page 348 note 1 Univ. Lond. Inst. Arch., Ann. Rep., XII 1956, 4950Google Scholar, figs. 5, 6 Helinium, I (1961), 104Google Scholar, fig. 1:4. Ashbee, P., Bronze Age Round Barrow in Britain, 1960Google Scholar, fig. 43.

page 348 note 2 The writer is indebted to Mr Newall for detailed information regarding the recovery of this urn.

page 349 note 1 W.A.M., LIX, 1964, 3940Google Scholar.

page 350 note 1 P.P.S., XXVIII, 1962, 371–82Google Scholar.

page 350 note 2 Proc. Dorset Nat. Hist. and Arch. Soc., LXXX, 1959, 119Google Scholar, fig. E.

page 350 note 3 Guide Catalogue of the Neolithic and Bronze Age Collections in Devizes Museum, 1964, no. 493.

page 350 note 4 P.P.S., XXIII, 1957, 152Google Scholar, fig. 9.

page 350 note 5 W.A.M., LX, 1965, 133Google Scholar (preliminary report).

page 350 note 6 Proc. Dorset. Nat. Hist. and Arch. Soc., LXXX, 1959, 120Google Scholar, fig. F.

page 350 note 7 W.A.M., XLVIII, 1938, 365Google Scholar, pl. IV.

page 352 note 1 Arch. Jour., CXIX, 1962, 26Google Scholar.

page 352 note 2 Ibid., 58.

page 352 note 3 Arch. Journ., CXIX, 1962, 21Google Scholar, fig. 7: 5.

page 353 note 1 W.A.M., LIX (1964), 3045Google Scholar.

page 353 note 2 P.P.S., XXVII, 1961, 285Google Scholar.

page 353 note 3 W.A.M., XLVIII, 1938, 362–66Google Scholar; Proc. Dorset Nat. Hist. and Arch. Soc., LXXX, 1958, 127–29Google Scholar; Proc. Dorset Nat. Hist. and Arch. Soc., LXXXVII, 1965, 126141Google Scholar; Arch. Journ., CXIX, 1964, 6465Google Scholar.

page 353 note 4 P.P.S., XXVII, 1961, 284Google Scholar.

page 353 note 5 P.P.S., op. cit.

page 353 note 6 P.P.S., op. cit., 268.

page 354 note 1 Ministry of Public Building and Works, Excavations Ann. Rep. 1964, 1965, 67Google Scholar.

page 354 note 2 Proc. Dorset Nat. Hist. and Arch. Soc., LXXX, 1959, 111–32Google Scholar.

page 354 note 3 See site I at City Farm, Hanborough, Oxon., Oxoniensia, XXIX/XXX, 1964/1965, 3Google Scholar and refs. there cited.

page 355 note 1 Ashbee, P.The Bronze Age Round Barrow in Britain, 86Google Scholar.

page 355 note 2 Information from Mr Ashbee—Amesbury, G. 51 (H. 36).

page 355 note 3 Newall, R. S., W.A.M., XLN, 432 ff.Google Scholar

page 355 note 4 W.A.M., LX, 1965, 133Google Scholar.

page 355 note 5 Stake holes have recently been noted in a cist in Scotland containing an inhumation with jet necklace, armlets and knife dagger: P.S.A.S., XCVI, 19621963, 145Google Scholar.

page 355 note 6 W.A.M., LVI, 240Google Scholar—disc barrow on Earls Farm Down, not listed by Goddard.

page 355 note 7 P. Ashbee, op. cit., 63 (fig. 21).

page 355 note 8 Ministry of Public Building and Works, Excavations Annual Report 1964, 1965, 7Google Scholar.

page 355 note 9 W.A.M., LX, 1965, 133Google Scholar.

page 355 note 10 P.P.S., XXVII, 1961, 347Google Scholar.

page 355 note 11 Ashbee, P., Arch. J., CXIV, 1959, 7Google Scholar and fig. 3. A multi-phase barrow recently excavated at Tallington in the Valley, Welland is also of interest (CBA Wetland Valley Research Committee Report No. 3, 19641965, 196)Google Scholar.

page 356 note 1 W.A.M., LIX, 1964, 41Google Scholar.

page 356 note 2 See Appendix III—Mollusca—Samples A, C and D.

page 356 note 3 P. A. Jewell, in W.A.M., loc. cit. Appendix II (c).

page 356 note 4 P.P.S., XXXII, 1966, 134Google Scholar: The ‘Primary Series’ Urns from West Overton.

page 357 note 1 W.A.M., LVI, 1955, 135Google Scholar.

page 357 note 2 Amesbury, G. 51 (H. 36) (information from Mr Ashbee); see also Grinsell, , V.C.H. Wilts., I, pt. 1, 1957, 151Google Scholar.

page 357 note 3 Single posts are known from other Bronze Age round barrows, though more usually at ground level, and are interpreted as totem or memorial posts.

page 357 note 4 Information from Mr Nicholas Thomas and Mr Paul Ashbee.

page 357 note 5 Fox, C., in Ant. J., XXI, 1941, 98 ff.Google Scholar

page 357 note 6 P.P.S., XXVI, 1960, 265 ffGoogle Scholar. See also Oakley, K. in Antiquity, XXXIX, 1965, 1516Google Scholar.

page 357 note 7 W.A.M., LVI, 1955, 240Google Scholar.

page 358 note 1 Evidence for ritual flint knapping has also been noted in a round barrow on Greenland Farm, excavated by the writer, which had no stake circles or other timber structures.

page 358 note 2 W.A.M., LIX, 1964, 3132Google Scholar.

page 358 note 3 P.P.S., XXVII, 1961, 289290Google Scholar.

page 358 note 4 Ibid.

page 358 note 5 W.A.M., XLVII, 1936, 466Google Scholar.

page 358 note 6 The 12 burials under West Overton, G. 6b are also explained in this way. P.P.S., XXXII, 1966, 134Google Scholar.

page 359 note 1 Incorporated in the report on Cremations—Appendix II.

page 359 note 2 The original finds numbers are retained throughout this Appendix and Appendix II.

page 366 note 1 A. E. Ellis, (1951) Census of the distribution of British non-marine Mollusca. J. Conch., XXIII, 1951, 17244Google Scholar.

page 366 note 2 Kerney, in Christie, P. (1964), W.A.M., LIX, 1964, 4344Google Scholar.

page 366 note 3 Kennard, and Woodward, in Cunnington, M. E. (1929), Woodhenge, 1929, 7072Google Scholar.

page 366 note 4 Kennard, and Woodward, in Newall, R. S. (1931), W.A.M., XLV, 1931, 442443Google Scholar.