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Habitual fish consumption and healthy lifestyle behaviours may be associated with higher total serum bilirubin level and anti-inflammatory activity: a cross-sectional study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2023

Shigemasa Tani Open the ORCID record for Shigemasa Tani [Opens in a new window] ,
Wataru Atsumi ,
Kazuhiro Imatake ,
Yasuyuki Suzuki ,
Tsukasa Yagi ,
Atsuhiko Takahashi ,
Naoya Matsumoto  and
Yasuo Okumura
Shigemasa Tani*
Affiliation:
Department of Health Planning Center, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Nihon University School of Medicines, Tokyo, Japan
Wataru Atsumi
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Nihon University School of Medicines, Tokyo, Japan
Kazuhiro Imatake
Affiliation:
Department of Health Planning Center, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Yasuyuki Suzuki
Affiliation:
Department of Health Planning Center, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Nihon University School of Medicines, Tokyo, Japan
Tsukasa Yagi
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Nihon University School of Medicines, Tokyo, Japan
Atsuhiko Takahashi
Affiliation:
Department of Health Planning Center, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Naoya Matsumoto
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Nihon University School of Medicines, Tokyo, Japan
Yasuo Okumura
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Nihon University School of Medicines, Tokyo, Japan
*
*Corresponding author: Shigemasa Tani, email tani.shigemasa@nihon-u.ac.jp
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Abstract

Habitual fish consumption and a healthy lifestyle are associated with lower atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk. Mildly elevated bilirubin, an end product of Hb metabolism, may be associated with anti-inflammatory effects, suppressing ASCVD risk. No data exist on the relationship between fish consumption, total serum bilirubin (TSB) and inflammation in clinical settings. We conducted a cross-sectional study between April 2019 and March 2020 in a cohort of 8292 participants (average age, 46·7 (sd 12·9) years and 58·9 % men) with no history of ASCVD and TSB concentrations < 2·0 mg/dl. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed Hb concentrations were a solid positive determinant of TSB concentrations (β = 0·302, P< 0·0001). Fish consumption (β = 0·025, P= 0·019) and aerobic exercise (β = 0·021, P= 0·043) were statistically weak but significantly positive determinants of TSB concentrations. Cigarette smoking negatively affected TSB concentrations (β = −0·104, P< 0·0001). Moreover, with increasing fish consumption, the proportion of participants with a habit of cigarette smoking decreased, and that of participants who engaged in aerobic exercises increased (P< 0·0001 for both). Furthermore, as TSB concentrations increased, the leukocyte counts and C-reactive protein concentrations decreased (P< 0·0001 for both). In conclusion, despite the lesser relevance given to TSB concentrations than Hb concentrations, higher fish consumption and healthier lifestyle behaviours related to fish consumption habits may be additively or synergistically associated with higher TSB concentrations and anti-inflammatory activity, leading to attenuated ASCVD risk. Further investigations are needed to clarify the causal relationships between these factors.

Keywords

Atherosclerotic CVDBilirubinFish consumptionHealthy lifestyleInflammation
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 130 , Issue 11 , 14 December 2023 , pp. 1904 - 1914
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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