Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Introduction: centred optical systems
- 2 Telescopes and binoculars
- 3 Eyepieces, eyes and colour
- 4 Cameras and camera lenses
- 5 The scientific CCD camera
- 6 Spectrometry
- 7 Interferometers and their uses
- 8 Electro-optical effects and their practical uses
- 9 Microscopes and projectors
- 10 Siderostats and coelostats
- 11 The detection and measurement of radiation
- 12 Practicalities
- Appendix A Gaussian optics
- Appendix B Optical aberrations
- Appendix C A brief introduction to Fourier optics
- Further reading
- Index
5 - The scientific CCD camera
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 October 2014
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Introduction: centred optical systems
- 2 Telescopes and binoculars
- 3 Eyepieces, eyes and colour
- 4 Cameras and camera lenses
- 5 The scientific CCD camera
- 6 Spectrometry
- 7 Interferometers and their uses
- 8 Electro-optical effects and their practical uses
- 9 Microscopes and projectors
- 10 Siderostats and coelostats
- 11 The detection and measurement of radiation
- 12 Practicalities
- Appendix A Gaussian optics
- Appendix B Optical aberrations
- Appendix C A brief introduction to Fourier optics
- Further reading
- Index
Summary
The traditional silver halide camera
Silver halide photography, from its invention in the 1830s, relied almost exclusively on finely ground silver bromide crystals suspended in a gelatine emulsion. These, it was discovered, were altered by the absorption of light so that they could be reduced chemically to black, colloidal silver by a variety of sensitive reducing agents to produce a negative image in the emulsion. This could then be changed, usually by copying to positive images in transparent emulsion or on sensitized paper. The sensitivity was restricted at first to light of short wavelengths in the blue to ultra-violet region of the spectrum until a chemist, H. W. Vogel, at the University of Berlin, discovered the technique of dye-sensitization to make orthochromatic emulsions sensitive to yellow and orange light. Later improvements in this technique eventually made red-sensitive panchromatic emulsions available – at a price – in the early years of the twentieth century. S. M. Prokudin–Gorskii, in particular, led the way by making simultaneous exposures through red, green and blue filters to give negatives, from which diapositives could be made for simultaneous projection with three projectors and the same colour filters, on to a screen, thus producing the first colour photography slide shows.
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- Chapter
- Information
- An Introduction to Practical Laboratory Optics , pp. 57 - 63Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2014