Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T14:30:38.268Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

7 - Ravenna and Other Early Rivals of Venice

Comparative Urban and Economic Development in the Upper Adriatic c.751–1050

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2021

Get access

Summary

This study focuses on Ravenna during the period from its fall into the hands of the Lombards in 751 to the decline of Byzantine power in the West from the mid-eleventh century. It argues that Ravenna shared common features with a number of other cities in the upper Adriatic, for example Comacchio, Venice and Zadar. The city maintained its earlier economic and artistic ties with Istria and Dalmatia, but also with Constantinople. The ties to Byzantium were based on admiration, nostalgia or identity and were used as part of strategy of resistance to threatening outside forces. However, the increasing dominance of local landowning elite led to the local autonomy and the strongest Byzantine influence remained the social and cultural cachet of the empire.

Type
Chapter
Information
Byzantium, Venice and the Medieval Adriatic
Spheres of Maritime Power and Influence, c. 700-1453
, pp. 173 - 187
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abulafia, D. 1984. ‘Ancona, Byzantium and the Adriatic, 1155–1173’, Papers of the British School at Rome 52, 195216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agnellus of Ravenna. Liber pontificalis ecclesiae Ravennatis, in Deliyannis, D. (ed.), Corpus Christianorum continuatio mediaevalis, vol. 199 (Turnhout, 2006).Google Scholar
Archdeacon Thomas of Split. Historia Salonitana, in Perić, O., Karbić, D., Matijević Sokol, M. and Sweeney, J.R. (eds.), Thomae archdiaconi Historia Salonitanorum atque Spalatinorum pontificum / Archdeacon Thomas of Split. History of the Bishops of Salona and Split (Budapest, 2006).Google Scholar
Arnaldi, G. 2009. (trans. Shugaar, A.) Italy and Its Invaders (Cambridge, Mass.).Google Scholar
Benericetti, R. 1999–2002. Le carte del decimo secolo nell’archivio arcivescovile di Ravenna, 3 vols. (Ravenna and Imola).Google Scholar
Benericetti, R. 2006. Le carte ravennati dei secoli ottavo e nono (Faenza).Google Scholar
Benericetti, R. 2010. Le carte del decimo secolo nell’archivio arcivescovile di Ravenna, vol. 4, Archivi minori (Monasteri di S. Andrea Maggiore, S. Vitale e S. Apollinare in Classe) (Faenza).Google Scholar
Borri, F. 2008. ‘‘Neighbors and relatives’: The Plea of Rižana as a source for northern Adriatic elites’, Mediterranean Studies 17, 126.Google Scholar
Borri, F. 2010. ‘L’Adriatico tra Bizantini, Longobardi e Franchi: Dalla conquista di Ravenna alla pace di Aquisgrana (751–812)’, Bullettino dell’Istituto storico italiano per il Medioevo 112, 156.Google Scholar
Bovini, G. 1972. ‘L’opera di Massimiano da Pola a Ravenna’, Aquileia e l’Istria: Lezioni della seconda Settimana di studi aquileiesi, 29 aprile – 5 maggio 1971, Antichità altoadriatiche 2, 147–65.Google Scholar
Brown, T.S. 1979. ‘The Church of Ravenna and the imperial administration in the seventh century’, The English Historical Review 94, 128.Google Scholar
Brown, T.S. 1984. Gentlemen and Officers: Imperial Administration and Aristocratic Power in Byzantine Italy ad 554–800 (London).Google Scholar
Brown, T.S. 1988. ‘The interplay between Roman and Byzantine traditions and local sentiment in the exarchate of Ravenna’, in Bisanzio, Roma e l’Italia nell’alto Medioevo, Settimane di studio del Centro italiano di studi sull’alto Medioevo 34 (Spoleto), 127–60.Google Scholar
Brown, T.S. 1993. ‘History as myth: Medieval perceptions of Venice’s Roman and Byzantine past’, in Beaton, R. and Roueché, C. (eds.), The Making of Byzantine History. Studies Dedicated to Donald M. Nicol (Aldershot), 145–57.Google Scholar
Brown, T.S. 2016. ‘Culture and society in Ottonian Ravenna: Imperial renewal or new beginnings?’, in Herrin, and Nelson, (eds.) 2016, 335–54.Google Scholar
Brown, T.S. 2020. ‘The ‘political’ use of the cult of saints in Early Medieval Ravenna’, in DeGregorio, S. and Kershaw, P. (eds.), Cities, Saints, and Communities in Early Medieval Europe. Essays in Honour of Alan Thacker (Turnhout).Google Scholar
Caillet, J.-P. 2009. ‘L’evergetismo ecclesiastico’, in Farioli Campanati, R., Rizzardi, C., Porta, P., Augenti, A. and Baldini Lippolis, L. (eds.), Ideologia e cultura artistica tra Adriatico e Mediterraneo orientale (IV–IX secolo), Atti del Convegno internazionale Bologna-Ravenna, 26–29 Novembre 2007 (Bologna), 1324.Google Scholar
Calabrese, L., Di Cocco, I. and Centineo, M.C. 2010. ‘Hydrographic evolution and palaeogeographic reconstruction of the southwestern Po Plain (Italy) during the last 4,000 years: An example of integration between stratigraphy and archaeology’, in Geology of the Adriatic Area. GeoActa Special Publications 3, 103–8.Google Scholar
Canaccini, F. 2009. La lunga storia di una stirpe comitale: I conti Guidi tra Romagna e Toscana (Florence).Google Scholar
Carile, A. (ed.) 1991–2. Storia di Ravenna II: Dall’età bizantina all’età ottoniana, 2 vols. (Venice).Google Scholar
Carile, A. 2005. ‘Costantinopoli nuova Roma, Ravenna e l’Occidente’, in Ravenna da capitale imperiale a capitale esarcale: Atti del XVII Congresso internazionale di studio sull’alto Medioevo (Spoleto), 4161.Google Scholar
Casadio, G. 2003. ‘Romania e Romagna’, La Ludla: Bollettino dell’Associazione Istituto Friedrich Schürr per la valorizzazione del patrimonio dialettale romagnolo 8, 23.Google Scholar
Cavarra, B., Gardini, G., Parente, G.B. and Vespignani, G. 1991. ‘Gli archivi come fonti della storia di Ravenna’, in Carile, (ed.) 1991–2, vol. 1, 401–547.Google Scholar
Cirelli, E. 2008. Ravenna: Archeologia di una città (Borgo S. Lorenzo).Google Scholar
Cosentino, S. 1998. ‘La percezione della storia bizantina nella medievistica italiana tra Ottocento e secondo dopoguerra: Alcune testimonianze’, Studi medievali, 3rd series, 39, 889910.Google Scholar
Cosentino, S. 2012. ‘Ricchezza ed investimento della chiesa di Ravenna tra la tarda Antichità e l’alto Medioevo’, in Gelichi, S. and Hodges, R (eds.), From One Sea to Another: Trading Places in the European and Mediterranean Early Middle Ages. Proceedings of the International Conference, Comacchio, 27th–29th March 2009 (Turnhout), 417–39.Google Scholar
Cosentino, S. (ed.) 2020. Ravenna and the Traditions of Late Antique and Early Byzantine Craftsmanship: Labour, Culture and Economy, Millennium Studies 86 (Berlin).Google Scholar
Costambeys, M., Innes, M. and MacLean, S. 2011. The Carolingian World (Cambridge).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curradi, C. 1977. ‘I conti Guidi nel secolo X’, Studi romagnoli 28, 1764.Google Scholar
Curradi, C. 1984. Pievi del territorio riminese nei documenti fino al Mille (Rimini).Google Scholar
Curta, F. 2010. ‘A note on trade and trade centers in the eastern and northern Adriatic region between the eighth and the ninth century’, Hortus artium medievalium 16/1, 267–76.Google Scholar
Deliyannis, D.M. 2010a. ‘The mausoleum of Theoderic and the seven wonders of the world’, Journal of Late Antiquity 3/2, 365–85.Google Scholar
Deliyannis, D.M. 2010b. Ravenna in Late Antiquity (Cambridge).Google Scholar
Diehl, C. 1888. Études sur l’administration byzantine dans l’exarchat de Ravenne, 568–751 (Paris).Google Scholar
Ekonomou, A.J. 2007. Byzantine Rome and the Greek Popes: Eastern Influences on Rome and the Papacy from Gregory the Great to Zacharias, ad 590–752 (Lanham).Google Scholar
Fasoli, G. 1979. ‘Il dominio territoriale degli arcivescovi di Ravenna fra l’VIII e l’XI secolo’, in Mor, C.-G. and Schmidinger, H. (eds.), I poteri temporali dei vescovi in Italia e in Germania nel Medioevo (Bologna), 87140.Google Scholar
Fasoli, G. 1991. ‘Il patrimonio della chiesa ravennate’, in Carile, A. (ed.), Storia di Ravenna II: Dall’età bizantina all’età ottoniana, vol. 1 (Venice), 389400.Google Scholar
Ferluga, J. 1978. L’amministrazione bizantina in Dalmazia (Venice).Google Scholar
Ferrabino, A. 1963. La Bonifica benedettina (Rome).Google Scholar
Fiori, F. 2008. ‘Tracce della presenza bizantina nella toponomastica dei territori dell’esarcato e della Pentapoli fra VII e XIII secolo’, in Ravara Montebelli, C. (ed.), Archeologia e storia di un territorio di confine (Rome), 8597.Google Scholar
Galassi, G. 1953. Roma o Bisanzio, vol. 2, Il congedo classico e l’arte nell’alto Medioevo (Rome).Google Scholar
Gambi, L. (ed.) 1994. Storia di Ravenna IV: Dalla dominazione veneziana alla conquista francese (Venice).Google Scholar
Gasparri, S. and Gelichi, S. (eds.) 2017. The Age of Affirmation: Venice, the Adriatic and the Hinterland between the 9th and 10th Centuries (Turnhout).Google Scholar
Gelichi, S., Calaon, D., Grandi, E. and Negrelli, C. 2012. ‘History of a forgotten town: Comacchio and its archaeology’, in Gelichi, and Hodges, (eds.) 2012, 169–205.Google Scholar
Gelichi, S. and Hodges, R. (eds.) 2012. From One Sea to Another: Trading Places in the European and Mediterranean Early Middle Ages. Proceedings of the International Conference, Comacchio, 27th–29th March 2009 (Turnhout).Google Scholar
Grumel, V. (ed.) 1936. Les regestes des actes du patriarcat de Constantinople, vol. 1, Les actes des patriarches, fasc. 2, Les regestes de 715 à 1043 (Paris).Google Scholar
Guillou, A. 1969. Régionalisme et indépendance dans l’Empire byzantin au VIIe siècle: L’exemple de l’Exarchat et de la Pentapole d’Italie (Rome).Google Scholar
Hartmann, L.M. 1889. Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der byzantinischen Verwaltung in Italien (540–750) (Leipzig).Google Scholar
Herrin, J. 2020. Ravenna. Capital of Empire, Crucible of Europe (London).Google Scholar
Herrin, J. and Nelson, J. (eds.) 2016. Ravenna: Its Role in Early Medieval Change and Exchange (London).Google Scholar
Hutton, E. 1913. Ravenna: A Study (London).Google Scholar
John the Deacon. Istoria Veneticorum, in Berto, L.A. (ed.), Giovanni Diacono. Istoria Veneticorum (Bologna, 1999).Google Scholar
Lane, F.C. 1973. Venice: A Maritime Republic (Baltimore).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larner, J. 1965. The Lords of Romagna: Romagnol Society and the Origins of the Signorie (London).Google Scholar
La Rocca, M.C. and Majocchi, P. (eds.) 2015. Urban Identities in Northern Italy, 800–1100 ca. (Turnhout).Google Scholar
MacLean, S. 2010. ‘Legislation and politics in late Carolingian Italy: The Ravenna constitutions’, Early Medieval Europe 18/4, 394416.Google Scholar
Madden, T.F. 2007. Enrico Dandolo and the Rise of Venice, 2nd edn. (Baltimore).Google Scholar
Magdalino, P. 1993. The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos, 1143–1180 (Cambridge).Google Scholar
Martínez Pizzaro, J. 1995. Writing Ravenna: The Liber pontificalis of Andreas Agnellus (Ann Arbor).Google Scholar
Mazzotti, M. 1956. ‘L’attività edilizia di Massimiano di Pola’, Felix Ravenna, 3rd series, 20, 530.Google Scholar
McCormick, M. 1995. ‘Byzantium and the West, 700–900’, in McKitterick, R. (ed.), New Cambridge Medieval History, vol. 2, c.700–c.900 (Cambridge), 349–80.Google Scholar
Moorhead, J. 1992. Theoderic in Italy (Oxford).Google Scholar
Nicol, D.M. 1988. Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations (Cambridge).Google Scholar
Orselli, A.M. 1993. Santità militare e culto dei santi militari nell’impero dei Romani (secoli VI–X) (Bologna).Google Scholar
Osborne, J. 2011. ‘Rome and Constantinople in the ninth century’ in Bolgia, C., McKitterick, R. and Osborne, J. (eds.), Rome across Time and Space: Cultural Transmission and the Exchange of Ideas, c.500–1400 (Cambridge), 222–36.Google Scholar
Petranović, A. and Margetić, A. (eds.) 1983–4. ‘Plea of Rižana’, Atti. Centro di ricerche storiche Rovigno 14, 5575.Google Scholar
Petrocchi, G. 2008. Vita di Dante, 5th edn. (Bari).Google Scholar
Prigent, V. 2008. ‘Notes sur l’évolution de l’administration byzantine en Adriatique (VIIIe–IXe siècle)’, Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Moyen Âge 120/2 = Les destinées de l’Illyricum méridional pendant le haut Moyen Âge, 393–417.Google Scholar
Rabotti, G. (ed.) 1985. Breviarium ecclesiae Ravennatis (Codice Bavaro) (Rome).Google Scholar
Rucco, A.A. 2015. Comacchio nell’alto Medioevo: Il paesaggio tra topografia e geoarcheologia (Florence).Google Scholar
Sansterre, J.-M. 1983. Les moines grecs et orientaux à Rome aux époques byzantine et carolingienne (milieu du VIe s.–fin du IXe s.) (Brussels).Google Scholar
Savigni, R. 2007. ‘Giovanni IX da Tossignano, arcivescovo di Ravenna (papa Giovanni X) e i suoi rapporti con la corte ducale spoletana’, in Tagliaferri, M. (ed.), Ravenna e Spoleto: I rapporti tra due metropoli, Atti del XXVIII Convegno del Centro studi e ricerche sull’antica provincia ecclesiastica ravennate, Spoleto, 22–24 settembre 2005 (Imola) = Ravennatensia 22, 215–46.Google Scholar
Squatriti, P. 1992. ‘Marshes and mentalities in Early Medieval Ravenna’, Viator 23, 116.Google Scholar
Tjäder, J.-O. 1954–82. Die nichtliterarischen lateinischen Papyri Italiens aus der Zeit 445–700, 3 vols. (Lund).Google Scholar
Toubert, P. 1973. Les structures du Latium médiéval: Le Latium méridional et la Sabine du IXe siècle à la fin du XIIe siècle, 2 vols. (Rome).Google Scholar
Torre, A. 1963. ‘Ravenna e l’Impero’, in Renovatio imperii, Atti della Giornata internazionale di studi per il millenario, Ravenna 4–5 novembre 1961 (Faenza), 513.Google Scholar
Torricelli, M.P. 1989. Centri plebani e strutture insediative nella Romagna medievale (Bologna).Google Scholar
Vasina, A. 1977. ‘Le pievi dell’area ravennate prima e dopo il Mille’, Le istituzioni ecclesiastiche della “societas christiana” dei secc. XI–XII: Diocesi, pievi, parrocchie, Atti della VI Settimana internazionale di studio, Milano, 1–7 settembre 1974 (Milan), 607–27.Google Scholar
Vasina, A. (ed.) 1993. Storia di Ravenna III: Dal Mille alla fine della signoria polentana (Venice).Google Scholar
Veggiani, A. 1973. ‘Le trasformazioni dell’ambiente naturale del Ravennate negli ultimi millenni’, Studi romagnoli 24, 326.Google Scholar
Vespignani, G. 2001. La Romània italiana dall’esarcato al patrimonium: Il Codex parisinus (BNP, NAL 2573) testimone della formazione di società locali nel secoli IX e X (Spoleto).Google Scholar
Vežić, P. 2002. ‘Su san Donato, vescovo di Zara’, Hortus artium medievalium 8, 235–40.Google Scholar
West-Harling, V. 2013. ‘Venecie due sunt’: Venice and its grounding in the Adriatic and north Italian background’, in Valenti, M. and Wickham, C. (eds.), Italy, 888–962: A Turning Point / Italia, 888–962: Una svolta (Turnhout), 237–64.Google Scholar
West-Harling, V. (ed.) 2015. Three Empires, Three Cities: Identity, Material Culture and Legitimacy in Venice, Ravenna and Rome, 750–1000 (Turnhout).Google Scholar
West-Harling, V. 2020. Rome, Ravenna and Venice, 750–100: Byzantine Heritage, Imperial Present, and the Construction of Civic Identity (Oxford).Google Scholar
Wickham, C. 2004. ‘The Mediterranean around 800: On the brink of the second trade cycle’, Dumbarton Oaks Papers 58, 161–74.Google Scholar
Zimmermann, H. 1993. ‘Nella tradizione di città capitale: Presenza germanica e società locale dall’età sassone a quella sveva’, in Vasina, (ed.) 1993, 107–28.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×