Debates about immigration, national identity, and the inclusion of ethnic minorities have been a prominent part of the twenty-first century thus far. Yet, ethical questions such as how to define one’s community and whether and to what extent to include those deemed foreign are ancient. The Hebrew Bible offers a variety of viewpoints – many of them conflicting – on how to define “Israelite” and non-Israelite, native and foreign, insider and outsider. Among these is the perspective of the Deuteronomistic History (Joshua to 2 Kings), a group of texts united by a somewhat coherent ideological perspective and the focus of this essay. Even within this collection, however, are expressed a variety of positions on the treatment of different peoples in the world of ancient Israel.