Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-5wvtr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-18T04:12:03.394Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

29 - The Discourses of Money and the Economy

from Part VI - Discourses, Publics and Mediatization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 September 2020

Anna De Fina
Affiliation:
Georgetown University, Washington DC
Alexandra Georgakopoulou
Affiliation:
King's College London
Get access

Summary

While the financial crisis of 2007–8 has served to focus attention on the language of economics and the financial markets, discourse analysts have long been interested in the language of money. Indeed, because money is a social relation, the raw material available to analysts is almost too rich. I therefore draw attention to work that might not immediately look like “money talk.” I also describe the rich variety of work on metaphors of money, economics and finance of which there is an abundance. This research makes clear the ideological struggles around the representation of money and markets. In particular, it clearly shows the erasure of humans and human agency. These struggles are further illuminated by work informed by CDA and multimodal approaches, particularly in relation to the global financial crisis, austerity and poverty porn. It is important that the ideological baggage carried by contemporary understandings of money and debt are described. Research has gone further in its critique of the origins and effects of these ideologies. Finally, the contribution that applied linguists can make around money and debt is significant. However, in order to make positive interventions that emerge from considered critique, a clear set of values is required. Here, too, recent work in linguistics offers valuable perspectives as it focuses on real people in real pain.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Further Reading

Working with audience responses to an artwork “Capitalism Works for Me!” (by Steve Lambert), Chun analyzes responses to and critiques of people’s understanding of capitalism in their lives.

This book offers an incisive account of neoliberal ideology and its effects on both language and practice in contemporary life. It examines the increasing reach of the “market” and the key figure of the “entrepreneur.” It provides a robust treatment of ideology and how this links to language specifically and linguistics more generally.

This landmark book documents and critically analyzes the effect of market thinking in domains like education, government, religion and self-promotion. The context of each domain is clearly provided while detailed analysis of texts ranges from the lexical through the multimodal to the linguistic landscape.

Chun, C. W. (2017). The Discourses of Capitalism: Everyday Economics and the Production of Common Sense. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Holborow, M. (2015). Language and Neoliberalism. Abingdon: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mautner, G. (2010). Language and the Market Society: Critical Reflections on Discourse and Dominance. London: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

References

Albiston, C. R. and Nielsen, L. B. (1994). Welfare Queens and Other Fairy Tales: Welfare Reform and Unconstitutional Reproductive Controls. Howard Law Journal 38: 473519.Google Scholar
Alejo, R. (2010). Where Does the Money Go? An Analysis of the Container Metaphor in Economics: The Market and the Economy. Journal of Pragmatics 42(4): 1137–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, P. and McEnery, T. (2015). Who Benefits When Discourse Gets Democratised? Analysing a Twitter Corpus around the British Benefits Street Debate. In Baker, P. and McEnery, T. (eds.) Corpora and Discourse Studies. Palgrave Advances in Language and Linguistics. London: Palgrave Macmillan. 244–65. Bank Job. (2018). https://bankjob.pictures/bank/.Google Scholar
Bickes, H., Otten, T. and Weymann, L. C. (2014). The Financial Crisis in the German and English Press: Metaphorical Structures in the Media Coverage on Greece, Spain and Italy. Discourse and Society 25(4): 424–45.Google Scholar
Bjerg, O. (2014). Making Money: The Philosophy of Crisis Capitalism. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Blaazer, D. (1999). Reading the Notes: Thoughts on the Meanings of British Paper Money. Humanities Research 1: 3953.Google Scholar
Boers, F. and Demecheleer, M. (1997). A Few Metaphorical Models in (Western) Economic Discourse. In Liebert, W. A., Redeker, G. and Waugh, L. R. (eds.) Discourse and Perspective in Cognitive Linguistics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 115–30.Google Scholar
Borriello, A. (2017). “There Is No Alternative”: How Italian and Spanish Leaders’ Discourse Obscured the Political Nature of Austerity. Discourse and Society 28(3): 241–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brookes, G. and Harvey, K. (2017a). Just Pain Wronga? A Multimodal Critical Analysis of Online Payday Loan Discourse. Critical Discourse Studies 14(2): 167–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brookes, G. and Harvey, K. (2017b). The Discourse of Alternative Credit: A Multimodal Critical Examination of the Cash Converters Mobile App. In Mooney, A. and Sifaki, E. (eds.) The Language of Money and Debt: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Cham: Palgrave. 233–56.Google Scholar
Butters, R. R. (2004). How Not to Strike It Rich: Semantics, Pragmatics, and Semiotics of a Massachusetts Lottery Game Card. Applied Linguistics 25(4): 466–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, C. (2017) Neoliberal Ideology Only “Partially” to Blame in the Global Financial Crisis? A Critical Discourse Analysis of Alan Greenspan’s Public Discourses on the 2007/8 GFC. In Mickan, P. and Lopez, E. (eds.) Text-Based Research and Teaching. Cham: Palgrave. 5574.Google Scholar
Catalano, T. and Waugh, L. R. (2013). The Language of Money: How Verbal and Visual Metonymy Shapes Public Opinion about Financial Events. International Journal of Language Studies 7(2): 3160.Google Scholar
Charteris-Black, J. (2000). Metaphor and Vocabulary Teaching in ESP Economics. English for Specific Purposes 19(2): 149–65.Google Scholar
Charteris-Black, J. and Ennis, T. (2001). A Comparative Study of Metaphor in Spanish and English Financial Reporting. English for Specific Purposes 20: 249–66.Google Scholar
Charteris-Black, J. and Musolff, A. (2003). “Battered Hero” or “Innocent Victim”? A Comparative Study of Metaphors for Euro Trading in British and German Financial Reporting. English for Specific Purposes 22: 153–76.Google Scholar
Coleman, J. (2006). Slang Terms for Money: A Historical Thesaurus. In Caie, G. (ed.) The Power of Words: Essays in Lexicology, Lexicography and Semantics in Honour of Christian Kay. Amsterdam: Rodopi. 2334.Google Scholar
Custers, A. (2017). Falling Behind: Debtors’ Emotional Relationships to Creditors. In Mooney, A. and Sifaki, E. (eds.) The Language of Money and Debt: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Cham: Palgrave. 163–85.Google Scholar
Davidko, N. (2011). The Concept of DEBT in Collective Consciousness (a Socio-historical Analysis of Institutional Discourse). Studies about Languages 19: 7888.Google Scholar
De Landtsheer, C. (2015). Media Rhetoric Plays the Market: The Logic and Power of Metaphors behind the Financial Crisis since 2006. Metaphor and the Social World 5(2): 204–21.Google Scholar
Fairclough, I. (2016). Evaluating Policy as Argument: The Public Debate over the First UK Austerity Budget. Critical Discourse Studies 13(1): 5777.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fairclough, N. (2013). Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language, 2nd ed. Harlow: Longman.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fine, B., Johnston, D., Santos, A. C. and Waeyenberge, E. (2016). Nudging or Fudging: The World Development Report 2015. Development and Change 47(4): 640–63.Google Scholar
Gil, M. M. (2016). A Cross-Linguistic Study of Conceptual Metaphors in Financial Discourse. In Romero-Trillo, J. (ed.) Yearbook of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics 2016. Cham: Springer. 107–26.Google Scholar
Graham, P. (2018). Ethics in Critical Discourse Analysis. Critical Discourse Studies 15(2): 186203.Google Scholar
Gregoriou, C. and Paterson, L. L. (2017). “Reservoir of Rage Swamps Wall St”: The Linguistic Construction and Evaluation of Occupy in International Print Media. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 5(1): 5780.Google Scholar
Haakana, M. and Sorjonen, M.-L. (2011). Invoking Another Context: Playfulness in Buying Lottery Tickets at Convenience Stores. Journal of Pragmatics 43: 1288–302.Google Scholar
Hartz, R. (2012). Reclaiming the Truth of the Market in Times of Crisis: Course, Transformation and Strategies of a Liberal Discourse in Germany. Culture and Organization 18(2): 139–54.Google Scholar
Herzog, B. (2018). Suffering as an Anchor of Critique: The Place of Critique in Critical Discourse Studies. Critical Discourse Studies 15(2): 111–22.Google Scholar
Ho, J. (2016). When Bank Stocks Are Hobbled by Worries: A Metaphor Study of Emotions in the Financial News Reports. Text & Talk 36(3): 295317.Google Scholar
Horner, J. R. (2011). Clogged Systems and Toxic Assets: News Metaphors, Neoliberal Ideology, and the United States “Wall Street Bailout” of 2008. Journal of Language and Politics 10(1): 2949.Google Scholar
Ingham, G. (1996). Money Is a Social Relation. Review of Social Economy LIV(4): 507–29.Google Scholar
Knezevic, I., Hunter, H., Watt, C., Williams, P. and Anderson, B. (2014). Food Insecurity and Participation. Critical Discourse Studies 11(2): 230–45.Google Scholar
Koller, V. (2007). “The World’s Local Bank”: Globalisation as a Strategy in Corporate Branding Discourse. Social Semiotics 17(1): 111–30.Google Scholar
Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. ([1980]2003). Metaphors We Live By. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Lischinsky, A. (2011). In Times of Crisis: A Corpus Approach to the Construction of the Global Financial Crisis in Annual Reports. Critical Discourse Studies 8(3): 153–68.Google Scholar
Marten, L. and Kula, N. C. (2008). Meanings of Money: National Identity and the Semantics of Currency in Zambia and Tanzania. Journal of African Cultural Studies 20(2): 183–98.Google Scholar
Martin, J. R. (2004). Positive Discourse Analysis: Solidarity and Change. Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses 49(1): 179202.Google Scholar
Mautner, G. (2010). Language and the Market Society: Critical Reflections on Discourse and Dominance. London: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mooney, A. (2017). Reading That which Should Not Be Signified: Community Currency in the UK. In Zhao, S., Djovnov, E., Björkvall, A. and Boeriis, M. (eds.) Advancing Multimodal and Critical Discourse Studies: Interdisciplinary Research Inspired by Theo van Leeuwen’s Social Semiotics. London/New York: Routledge. 95114.Google Scholar
Mooney, A and Sifaki, E. (2017). The View from the Ground. In Mooney, A. and Sifaki, E. (eds.) The Language of Money and Debt: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Cham: Palgrave. 130.Google Scholar
Mylonas, Y. (2014). Crisis, Austerity and Opposition in Mainstream Media Discourses of Greece. Critical Discourse Studies 11(3): 305–21.Google Scholar
Neon, NEF, FrameWorks Institute, and PIRC. (2018). Framing the Economy: How to Win the Case for a Better System. http://publicinterest.org.uk/framing-economy-report/.Google Scholar
Nerghes, A., Hellsten, I. and Groenewegen, P. (2015). A Toxic Crisis: Metaphorizing the Financial Crisis. International Journal of Communication 9: 106–32.Google Scholar
North, P. (2010). Local Money: How to Make It Happen in Your Community. Totnes: Green Books.Google Scholar
Oberlechner, T., Slunecko, T. and Kronberger, N. (2004). Surfing the Money Tides: Understanding the Foreign Exchange Market through Metaphors. British Journal of Social Psychology 43: 133–56.Google Scholar
Paterson, L., Coffey-Glover, L. and Peplow, D. (2016). Negotiating Stance within Discourses of Class: Reactions to Benefits Street. Discourse & Society 27(2): 195214.Google Scholar
Paterson, L., Peplow, D. and Grainger, K. (2017). Does Money Talk Equate to Class Talk? Audience Responses to Poverty Porn in Relation to Money and Debt. In Mooney, A. and Sifaki, E. (eds.) The Language of Money and Debt: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Cham: Palgrave. 205–31.Google Scholar
Penrose, J. (2011). Designing the Nation: Banknotes, Banal Nationalism and Alternative Conceptions of the State. Political Geography 30(8): 429–40.Google Scholar
Penrose, J. and Cumming, C. (2011). Money Talks: Banknote Iconography and Symbolic Constructions of Scotland. Nations and Nationalism 17(4): 821–42.Google Scholar
Pessali, H. F. (2009). Metaphors of Transaction Cost Economics. Review of Social Economy 67(3): 313–28.Google Scholar
Reeves, A. et al. (2015). Economic Shocks, Resilience, and Male Suicides in the Great Recession: Cross-National Analysis of 20 EU Countries. European Journal of Public Health 15(3): 404–9.Google Scholar
Roderick, I. (2018). Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis as Ethical Praxis. Critical Discourse Studies 15(2): 154–68.Google Scholar
Semino, E. (2002). A Sturdy Baby or a Derailing Train? Metaphorical Representations of the Euro on British and Italian Newspapers. Text 22(1): 107–39.Google Scholar
Sørensen, A. R. (2014). “Too Weird for Banknotes”: Legitimacy and Identity in the Production of Danish Banknotes 1947–2007. Journal of Historical Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12077.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Squires, P. and Lea, J. (2013). Introduction: Reading Loïc Wacquant – Opening Questions and Overview. In Squires, P. and Lea, J. (eds.) Criminalisation and Advanced Marginality: Critically Exploring the Work of Loïc Waquant. Bristol: Policy Press. 118.Google Scholar
Thaler, R. and Sunstein, C. (2008). Nudge. London: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Thunder, A. (2004). Living On … Counterfeit Money: J.S.G Boggs and the Borderlands of Economic Criticism. Textus XVII: 417–30.Google Scholar
Tomoni, B. (2012). Using Money Metaphors in Banking Discourse: Three Possible Scenarios. Metaphor and the Social World 2(2): 201–32.Google Scholar
Van Leeuwen, T. (2018). Moral Evaluation in Critical Discourse Analysis. Critical Discourse Studies 15(2): 140–53.Google Scholar
Walsh, C. (2016). Protesting Too Much: Alastair Darling’s Constructions after the Financial Crash. Critical Discourse Studies 13(1): 4156.Google Scholar
White, M. (1997). The Use of Metaphor in Reporting Financial Market Transactions. Cuadernos de Filología Inglesa 6(2): 233–45.Google Scholar
White, M. (2003). Metaphor and Economics: The Case of Growth. English for Specific Purposes 22(2): 131–51.Google Scholar
Whittle, A. and Mueller, F. (2016). Accounting for the Banking Crisis: Repertoires of Agency and Structure. Critical Discourse Studies 13(1): 2040.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×