Alcouffe, A. & Brummert, U. (1985). Les politiques linguistiques des États Généraux à Thermidor. Lengas, 17, 51–77.Google Scholar

Aprill, E. P. (1998). The law of the word: dictionary shopping in the Supreme Court. Arizona State Law Journal, 30, 275–336.Google Scholar

Baron, D. E. (1982). Grammar and Good Taste: Reforming the American Language. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar

Beaulieux, C. (1953). Projet de simplification de l’orthographe actuelle et de la langue, par le retour du ‘bel franc¸ais’ du 12e sie`cle: Lettre ouverte a` Monsieur le Ministre de l’éducation nationale. Paris: Didier.Google Scholar

Bernard, D. (1912–13). La Révolution française & la langue bretonne. Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l’ouest, 28(3), 287–331.Google Scholar

Biedermann-Pasques, L. & Jejcic, F. (2006). Les Rectifications orthographiques de 1990: Analyses des pratiques réelles. Orléans: Presses universitaires d’Orléans.Google Scholar

Bloomfield, L. (1926). A set of postulates for the science of language. Language, 2, 153–64.Google Scholar

Bonfiglio, T. P. (2002). Race and the Rise of Standard American. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Borde, D. (2016). Tirons la langue: Plaidoyer contre le sexisme dans la langue franc¸aise. Paris: Les Éditions Utopia.Google Scholar

Bourdieu, P. (2001). Langage et pouvoir symbolique. Paris: Éditions Fayard.Google Scholar

Burns, T. R. & Dietz, T. (1992). Cultural evolution: social rule systems, selection and human agency. International Sociology, 7(3), 259–83.Google Scholar

Calhoun, J. (2014). Measuring the fortress: explaining trends in Supreme Court and Circuit Court dictionary use. Yale Law Journal, 124, 484–526.Google Scholar

Chervel, A. & Manesse, D. (1989). La Dictée: Les Franc¸ais et l’orthographe 1873–1987. Paris: Calmann-Lévy.Google Scholar

Commission Beslais (1965). Rapport général sur les modalités d’une simplification éventuelle de l’orthographe franc¸aise. Paris: Didier.Google Scholar

Cooper, R. L. (1989). Language Planning and Social Change. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Curzan, A. (2003). Gender Shifts in the History of English. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Curzan, A. (2014). Fixing English: Prescriptivism and Language History. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Dauzat, A. & Damourette, J. (1943). Un projet de réforme orthographique. Paris: Bibliothèque du Français Moderne.Google Scholar

Étiemble, R. (1964). Parlez-vous franglais? Paris: Gallimard.Google Scholar

Furetière, A. (1690). Dictionnaire universel, contenant generalement tous les mots franc¸ois, tant vieux que modernes, et les termes de toutes les sciences et des arts. La Haye: Leers.Google Scholar

Gallagher, C. J. (2003). Reconciling a tradition of testing with a new learning paradigm. Educational Psychology Review, 15(1), 83–99.Google Scholar

Gallardo, A. (1980). The Standardization of American English. Doctoral thesis. State University of New York at Buffalo.Google Scholar

Gooskens, C. (2013). Experimental methods for measuring intelligibility of closely related language varieties. In Bayley, R., Cameron, R. & Lucas, C., eds., The Oxford Handbook of Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 195–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Grinberg, M., Geoffroy-Poisson, S. & Laclau, A. (2012). Rédaction des coutumes et territoires au XVI^e siècle: Paris et Montfort-L’Amaury. Revue d’histoire moderne et contemporaine, 59(2), 7–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Haugen, E. (1966). Dialect, language, nation. American Anthropologist, 68(4), 922–35.Google Scholar

Heath, S. B. (1976). A national language academy? Debate in a new nation. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 11, 9–43.Google Scholar

Hewitt, S. (2014). Breton orthographies: an increasingly awkward fit. Retrieved 13 December 2018 from www.academia.edu/7537879/Breton_orthographies_An_increasingly_awkward_fitGoogle Scholar

Institut National de la Langue Française (1999). Femme j’écris ton nom: Guide d’aide a` la féminisation des noms de métiers, titres, grades et fonctions. Paris: La Documentation Française.Google Scholar

Jespersen, O. (1925). Mankind, Nation and Individual from a Linguistic Point of View. Oslo: H. Aschehoug.Google Scholar

Joseph, J. E. (1981). The Standard Language: Theory, Dogma, and Sociocultural Reality. Doctoral thesis. University of Michigan.Google Scholar

Keller, M. (1999). La Réforme de l’orthographe: Un sie`cle de débats et de querelles. Paris: Conseil International de la Langue Française.Google Scholar

Kibbee, D. A. (2016). Language and the Law: Linguistic Inequality in America. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Krygier, M. (1998). The origin of Middle English she – an alternative hypothesis. Retrieved 19 December 2018 from https://repozytorium.amu.edu.pl/bitstream/10593/12636/1/The%20origin%20of%20Middle%20English%20she%20-%20An%20alternative%20hypothesis.pdfGoogle Scholar

Laponce, J. (2006). La Loi de Babel et autres régularités des rapports entre langue et politique. Quebec: Les Presses de l’Université Laval.Google Scholar

Leonard, S. A. (1929). The Doctrine of Correctness in English Usage, 1700–1800. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar

Leonard, S. A. (1932). Current English Usage. Chicago, IL: The Inland Press (for the National Council of Teachers of English).Google Scholar

Lippi-Green, R. (1994). Accent, standard language ideology, and discrimination in the courts. Language and Society, 23(2), 163–98.Google Scholar

Lippi-Green, R. (2012). English with an Accent: Language, Ideology and Discrimination in the United States, 2nd edn. London/New York: Routledge (1st edn 1997).Google Scholar

Liu, A. H. (2015). Standardizing Diversity: The Political Economy of Language Regimes. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar

Lodge, R. A. (2004). A Sociolinguistic History of Parisian French. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Lowth, R. (1762). A Short Introduction to English Grammar. London: Printed by J. Hughes for A. Millar.Google Scholar

Lüsebrink, C. (1986). Un défi à la politique de la langue nationale: la lutte autour de la langue allemande en Alsace sous la Révolution française. Linx, 15, 146–68.Google Scholar

Lyman, R. L. (1922). English Grammar in American Schools before 1850. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Libraries.Google Scholar

Machan, T. W. (2009). Language Anxiety: Conflict and Change in the History of English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Malvin-Cazal, J. (1846). Prononciation de la langue franc¸aise au XIXe sie`cle, tant dans le langage soutenu que dans la conversation, d’apre`s les re`gles de la prosodie, celles du dictionnaire de l’Académie, les lois grammaticales, et celles de l’usage et du gouˆt. Paris: Imprimerie Royale.Google Scholar

Milroy, J. & Milroy, L. (2012). Authority in Language: Investigating Standard English, 4th edn. London/New York: Routledge (1st edn 1985).Google Scholar

Mühlhäusler, P. (2016 [2000]). Language planning and language ecology. In Ricento, T., ed., Language Policy and Planning, Vol. I. London/New York: Routledge, pp. 422–91.Google Scholar

Preston, D. R. (1996). Where the worst English is spoken. In Schneider, E. W., ed., Focus on the USA. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 297–360.Google Scholar

Pullum, G. K (2004). Ideology, grammar and linguistic theory. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Modern Language Association, December 2004. Retrieved 13 December 2018 from www.lel.ed.ac.uk/~gpullum/MLA2004.pdfGoogle Scholar

Ravitch, D. (2003). The Language Police: How Pressure Groups Restrict What Students Learn. New York: Alfred Knopf.Google Scholar

Read, A. W. R. (1936). American projects for an academy to regulate speech. PMLA, 51(4), 1141–79.Google Scholar

Richelet, P. (1680). Dictionnaire franc¸ois contenant les mots et les choses …. Geneva: Widerhold.Google Scholar

Schlieben-Lange, B. (1996). Idéologie, révolution et uniformité de la langue. Brussels: Éditions Mardaga.Google Scholar

Schweiger, B. B. (2010). A social history of English grammar in the early United States. Journal of the Early Republic, 30(4), 533–55.Google Scholar

Sibille, J. (2002). Écrire l’occitan: essai de présentation et de synthèse. In Caubet, D., Chaker, S. & Sibille, J., eds., Codification des langues de France. Paris: L’Harmattan, pp. 17–37.Google Scholar

Simpson, D. (1986). The Politics of American English, 1776–1850. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Skinner, D. (2012). The Story of Ain’t: America, Its Language, and the Most Controversial Dictionary Ever Published. New York: HarperCollins.Google Scholar

Solum, L. B. (2011). What is originalism? The evolution of contemporary originalist theory. In Huscroft, G. & Miller, B. W., eds., The Challenge of Originalism: Theories of Constitutional Interpretation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Spolsky, B. (2009). Language Management. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Spolsky, B. (2018). Language policy: from planning to management. In Kheng, C. C. S., ed., Un(intended) Language Planning in a Globalising World: Multiple Levels of Players at Work. Warsaw/Berlin: Sciendo Migration, pp. 301–9.Google Scholar

Stern, R. C. & DiFonzo, J. H. (2016). Dogging Darwin: America’s revolt against the teaching of evolution. Northern Illinois University Law Review, 36, 33–82.Google Scholar

Swift, J. (1712). A Proposal for Correcting, Improving and Ascertaining the English Tongue. London: Benjamin Tooke.Google Scholar

Thimonnier, R. (1967). Le syste`me graphique du franc¸ais. Paris: Plon.Google Scholar

Tiersma, P. (2004). Did Clinton lie? Defining ‘sexual relations’. Chicago-Kent Law Review, 79(3), 927–58.Google Scholar

Toussaint, D. (2002). Un examen pour les instituteurs: le brevet de capacité de l’instruction primaire dans le département de la Somme (1833–1880). Histoire de l’éducation, 94, 75–101.Google Scholar

Van Parijs, P. (2011). Linguistic Justice for Europe and the World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Vaugelas, C. F. (1647). Remarques sur la langue franc¸aise, utiles a` tous ceux qui veulent bien parler et bien escrire. Paris: Veuve Camusat.Google Scholar

Webster, N. (1783). A Grammatical Institute of the English Language. Hartford: Hudson and Goodwin.Google Scholar

Webster, N. (1787). The American Spelling Book: Containing, an Easy Standard of Pronunciation. Being the First Part of a Grammatical Institute of the English Language. Windsor, VT: Mower.Google Scholar

Webster, N. (1789). Dissertations on the English Language, with Notes, Historical and Critical, to which is Added by Way of Appendix, an Essay on a Reformed Mode of Spelling with Dr. Franklin’s Arguments on that Subject. Boston, MA: Isaiah Thomas & Co.Google Scholar

Webster, N. (1806). Compendious Dictionary of the English Language. Hartford: Increase Cooke & Co./New Haven: For Hudson and Goodwin.Google Scholar

Webster, N. (1828). An American Dictionary of the English Language. New York: S. Converse.Google Scholar

Wright, S. (2015). What is language? A response to Philippe Van Parijs. Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 18(2), 113–30.Google Scholar

Zimmerman, J. (2010). Simplified spelling and the cult of efficiency in the ‘progressive’ era. Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era, 10(3), 365–94.Google Scholar

Académie Française (2017). Déclaration de l’Académie française sur l’écriture dite ‘inclusive’. Retrieved 10 June 2019 from http://academie-francaise.fr/actualites/declaration-de-lacademie-francaise-sur-lecriture-dite-inclusiveGoogle Scholar

Adamson, R. (2007). The Defence of French: A Language in Crisis? Clevedon/Buffalo, NY: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar

Althusser, L. (1971). Lenin and Philosophy, and Other Essays. London: New Left Books.Google Scholar

Armstrong, N. & Mackenzie, I. E. (2013). Standardization, Ideology and Linguistics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2004). La Nueva Polı´tica Lingu¨ı´stica Panhispa´nica. Madrid: Real Academia Española.Google Scholar

Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2010). Diccionario de americanismos. Madrid: Santillana.Google Scholar

Auer, P. (2005). Europe’s European sociolinguistic unity, dialect/standard or: a typology of European dialect/standard constellations. In Delbecque, N., van der Auwera, J., & Geeraerts, D., eds., Perspectives on Variation: Sociolinguistic, Historical, Comparative. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 7–42.Google Scholar

Ayres-Bennett, W. (1996). A History of the French Language through Texts. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Bermel, N. (2007). Linguistic Authority, Language Ideology, and Metaphor: The Czech Orthography Wars. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Blommaert, J. (1999). The debate is closed. In Blommaert, J., ed., Language Ideological Debates. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 425–38.Google Scholar

Bonnin, J. E. (2012). Decentralization of the linguistic norm online: the Royal Spanish Academy challenged on the Internet. Tilburg Papers in Culture Studies, 36.Google Scholar

Bourdieu, P. (1984). Capital et marché linguistiques. Linguistische Berichte, 90, 3–24.Google Scholar

Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge, UK: Polity.Google Scholar

Bugel, T. (2006). A Macro- and Micro-Sociolinguistic Study of Language Attitudes and Language Contact: Mercosur and the Teaching of Spanish in Brazil. Urbana: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.Google Scholar

Cameron, D. (1995). Verbal Hygiene. London/New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Cameron, D. (2012). Verbal Hygiene, 2nd edn. London/New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Chambers, J. K. & Trudgill, P. (2004). Dialectology, 2nd edn. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics.Google Scholar

Crowley, T. (2003). Standard English and the Politics of Language. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Del Valle, J. (2007). Embracing diversity for the sake of unity: linguistic hegemony and the pursuit of Total Spanish. In Duchêne, A. & Heller, M., eds., Discourses of Endangerment: Interest and Ideologies in the Defence of Languages. London/New York: Continuum, pp. 242–67.Google Scholar

Del Valle, J. (2013). Linguistic emancipation and the academies of the Spanish language in the twentieth century: the 1951 turning point. In Del Valle, J., ed., A Political History of Spanish: The Making of a Language. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 229–45.Google Scholar

Del Valle, J. (2014). The politics of normativity and globalization: which Spanish in the classroom? The Modern Language Journal, 98(1), 358–72.Google Scholar

Dylko, I. B., Beam, M. A., Landreville, K. D. & Geidner, N. (2012). Filtering 2008 US presidential election news on YouTube by elites and nonelites: an examination of the democratizing potential of the internet. New Media & Society, 14(5), 832–49.Google Scholar

Edwards, J. (2012). Language management agencies. In Spolsky, B., ed., The Cambridge Handbook of Language Policy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 418–36.Google Scholar

Estival, D. & Pennycook, A. (2011). L’Académie Française and Anglophone language ideologies. Language Policy, 10(4), 325–41.Google Scholar

Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language. London: Longman.Google Scholar

Fairclough, N. (2001). Language and Power. Harlow: Longman.Google Scholar

Fairclough, N. (2006). Language and Globalization. London/New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Fishman, J. A. (1968). Readings in the Sociology of Language. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar

Gal, S. & Woolard, K. (2001). Languages and Publics: The Making of Authority. Manchester: St. Jerome.Google Scholar

García de la Concha, V. (2008). El español de los jóvenes. Donde dice … Boletı´n de la Fundación del Espan˜ol Urgente, 12, 1–2.Google Scholar

Gómez Font, A. (2012). Español neutro o internacional (19/04/2012). Retrieved 14 June 2017 from https://www.fundeu.es/escribireninternet/espanol-neutro-o-internacional/Google Scholar

Haugen, E. (1972). Dialect, language, nation. In Pride, J. B. & Holmes, J., eds., Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondworth: Penguin, pp. 97–111.Google Scholar

Haut conseil à l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes (2016). Pour une communication publique sans stéréotype de sexe: Guide pratique. Paris: Ministère des Familles, de L’Enfance et des Droits des Femmes.Google Scholar

Hodge, B., & Kress, G. R. (1979). Language as Ideology. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Joseph, J. E. (1987). Eloquence and Power: The Rise of Language Standards and Standard Languages. London: Frances Pinter.Google Scholar

Lauria, D. & López García, M. (2009). Instrumentos lingüísticos académicos y norma estándar del español: La nueva política lingüística panhispánica. Lexis: Revista de lingu¨ı´stica y literatura (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru´), 33(1), 49–89.Google Scholar

Lippi-Green, R. (2012). English with an Accent: Language, Ideology and Discrimination in the United States. London/New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Lodares, J. R. (2002). Lengua y patria: sobre el nacionalismo lingu¨ı´stico en Espan˜a. Madrid: Taurus.Google Scholar

Lodares, J. R. (2005). El porvenir del espan˜ol. Madrid: Santillana Ediciones.Google Scholar

Mar-Molinero, C. (2000). The Iberian Peninsula: conflicting linguistic nationalisms. In Barbour, S. & Carmichael, C., ed., Language and Nationalism in Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 83–104.Google Scholar

Marx, K. & Engels, F. (1965). The German Ideology. London: Lawrence & Wishart.Google Scholar

Milroy, J. & Milroy, L. (1999). Authority in Language: Investigating Standard English. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Moreno Fernández, F. (2018). The Search for a ‘Global’ Spanish. Retrieved 1 March 2019 from https://medium.com/@FMORENOFDEZ/the-search-for-a-global-spanish-ad2cc82d6467Google Scholar

Murthy, D. (2013). Twitter: Social Communication in the Twitter Age. Cambridge, UK: Polity.Google Scholar

Nagel, T. (1986). The View from Nowhere. New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Paffey, D. (2007). Policing the Spanish language debate: verbal hygiene and the Spanish language academy (Real Academia Española). Language Policy, 6(3–4), 313–32.Google Scholar

Paffey, D. (2012). Language Ideologies and the Globalization of Standard Spanish. London/New York: Bloomsbury Academic.Google Scholar

Paffey, D. (2019). Global Spanish(es) in a global City: linguistic diversity among learners of Spanish in London. Journal of Spanish Language Teaching, 6, 131–49.Google Scholar

Paffey, D. & Mar-Molinero, C. (2009). Globalization, linguistic norms and language authorities: Spain and the panhispanic language policy. In Lacorte, M. & Leeman, J., eds., Espan˜ol en Estados Unidos y otros contextos de contacto. Sociolingu¨ı´stica, ideologı´a y pedagogı´a/Spanish in the United States and Other Contact Environments. Sociolinguistics, Ideology and Pedagogy. Madrid/Frankfurt: Iberoamericana/Vervuert, pp. 159–73.Google Scholar

Pérez Reverte, A. (2018) Twitter. Retrieved 2 March 2018 from https://twitter.com/perezreverteGoogle Scholar

Pinker, S. (1994). The Language Instinct. New York: HarperPerennial.Google Scholar

Pöll, B. (2005). Le Franc¸ais langue pluricentrique: études sur la variation diatopique d’une langue standard. Frankfurt am Main, etc.: Peter Lang.Google Scholar

Pountain, C. J. (2003). Exploring the Spanish Language. London: Arnold.Google Scholar

Real Academia Española y Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2005). Diccionario panhispa´nico de dudas. Madrid: Santillana.Google Scholar

Real Academia Española y Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2006). Diccionario esencial de la lengua espan˜ola. Madrid: Espasa.Google Scholar

Real Academia Española y Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2010). Ortografı´a de la lengua espan˜ola. Madrid: Espasa.Google Scholar

Real Academia Española y Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2011). Nueva grama´tica de la lengua espan˜ola. Madrid: Espasa.Google Scholar

Real Academia Española y Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2013). El buen uso del espan˜ol. Madrid: Espasa.Google Scholar

Reyes, A. (2013). Don’t touch my language: attitudes toward institutional language reforms. Current Issues in Language Planning, 14(2), 337–57.Google Scholar

Rickard, P. (2003). A History of the French Language, 2nd edn. London/New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Schieffelin, B. B., Woolard, K. A. & Kroskrity, P. V. (1998). Language Ideologies: Practice and Theory. New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Schiffman, H. F. (1996). Linguistic Culture and Language Policy. London/New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Senz Bueno, S. & Alberte Montserrat, M. (2011). El dardo en la academia: esencia y vigencia de las academias de la lengua espan˜ola. Barcelona: Melusina.Google Scholar

Spolsky, B. (2004). Language Policy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Spolsky, B. (2009). Language Management. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Spolsky, B. (2011). Language academies and other language management agencies. Language Policy, 10(4), 285–7.Google Scholar

Thompson, R. W. (1992). Spanish as a pluricentric language. In Clyne, M., ed., Pluricentric Languages: Differing Norms in Different Nations. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 45–70.Google Scholar

Tosi, A. (2011). The Accademia Della Crusca in Italy: past and present. Language Policy, 10(4), 289–303.Google Scholar

Villa, L. (2013). The officialization of Spanish in mid-nineteenth-century Spain: the Academy’s authority. In Del Valle, J., ed., A Political History of Spanish: The Making of a Language. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 93–105.Google Scholar

Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (2009). Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis, 2nd edn. London: SAGE.Google Scholar

Woolard, K. (1998). Language ideology as a field of inquiry. In Schieffelin, B. B., Woolard, K. & Kroskrity, P. V, eds., Language Ideologies: Practice and Theory. New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 1–27.Google Scholar

Woolard, K. (2005). Language and identity choice in Catalonia: the interplay of ideologies of linguistic authenticity and anonymity. International Colloquium on Regulations of Societal Multilingualism in Linguistic Policies. IAI-PK, Berlin, Germany. Retrieved 1 September 2018 from https://cloudfront.escholarship.org/dist/prd/content/qt47n938cp/qt47n938cp.pdfGoogle Scholar

Woolard, K. (2007). La autoridad lingüística del español y las ideologías de la autenticidad y el anonimato. In Del Valle, J., ed., La lengua, ¿patria comu´n?: ideas e ideologı´as del espan˜ol. Madrid/Frankfurt: Iberoamericana/Vervuert, pp. 129–42.Google Scholar

Woolard, K. (2016). Singular and Plural: Ideologies of Linguistic Authority in 21st Century Catalonia. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Zamora Vicente, A. (1999). La Real Academia Espan˜ola. Madrid: Espasa.Google Scholar

Zappavigna, M. (2012). Discourse of Twitter and Social Media. London: Continuum.Google Scholar

Aichinger, C. F. (1754). Versuch einer teutschen Sprachlehre, anfa¨nglich nur zu eignem Gebrauche unternommen, endlich aber, um den Gelehrten zu fernerer Untersuchung Anlaß zu geben, ans Liecht gestellt. Frankfurt/Leipzig: Kraus.Google Scholar

Albertus, L. (1573 [1895]). Teutsch Grammatick oder Sprach-Kunst. Augsburg: Michaël Manger. Reprint Strasbourg: Trübner, ed. Müller-Fraureuth, C..Google Scholar

Anderson, B. (1991). Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso.Google Scholar

Árnason, K. (2003). Icelandic. In Deumert, A. & Vandenbussche, W., eds., Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present. Benjamins: Amsterdam, pp. 245–79.Google Scholar

Auroux, S. (2000a). La langue de l’état: l’Académie française. In Auroux, S., Koerner, K., Niederehe, H.-J. & Versteegh, K., eds., History of the Language Sciences: An International Handbook, Vol I. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 852–62.Google Scholar

Auroux, S. (2000b). Port-Royal et la tradition française de la grammaire générale. In Auroux, S., Koerner, K., Niederehe, H.-J. & Versteegh, K., eds., History of the Language Sciences. An International Handbook, Vol I. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 1022–9.Google Scholar

Auroux, S., Koerner, K., Niederehe, H.-J. & Versteegh, K., eds. (2000–06). History of the Language Sciences: An International Handbook. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Ayres-Bennett, W. (2011). Metaphors in metalinguistic texts: the case of observations and remarks on the French language. In Haßler, G., ed., History of Linguistics 2008: Selected Papers from the Eleventh International Conference on the History of the Language Sciences. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 239–49.Google Scholar

Ayres-Bennett, W. (2016). Codification and prescription in linguistic standardisation: myths and models. In Nadal, J. M. & Feliu, F., eds., Constructing Languages: Norms, Myths and Emotions. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 99–129.Google Scholar

Ayres-Bennett, W. & Seijido, M. (2011). Remarques et observations sur la langue franc¸aise: Histoire et évolution d’un genre. Paris: Éditions Classiques Garnier.Google Scholar

Ayres-Bennett, W. & Seijido, M. (2013). Bon usage et variation sociolinguistique: Perspectives diachroniques et traditions nationales. Lyon: ENS Editions.Google Scholar

Bembo, P. (1525). Prose, nelle quali si ragiona della volgar lingua, scritte al Cardinale de Medici, in tre libri. Venice: G. Tacuino.Google Scholar

Bergeron, L. (1982). The Québécois Dictionary. Toronto: James Lorimer & Co.Google Scholar

Berthele, R. (2020). The selective celebration of linguistic diversity: evidence from the Swiss language policy discourse. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, DOI: 10.1080/01434632.2020.1715989.Google Scholar

BICRES I–V (1994, 1999, 2005, 2012, 2015). Bibliografı´a cronológica de la lingu¨ı´stica, la grama´tica y la lexicografı´a del espan˜ol. Five volumes by Niederehe, H. J. (I, II, III, V) and Esparza Torres, M. A. & Niederehe, H. J. (IV). Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar

Branner, D. (2006). What are rimes tables and what do they mean? In Branner, D., ed., The Chinese Rime-Tables: Linguistic Philosophy and Historical-Comparative Phonology. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 1–34.Google Scholar

Calhoun, D. (2017). Reading paratexts in missionary linguistic works: an analysis of the preface to the Holy Ghost Fathers’ (1855) Dictionnaire français-wolof et wolof-français. Language & History, 60, 53–72.Google Scholar

Campe, J. H. (1801). Wo¨rterbuch zur Erkla¨rung und Verdeutschung der unserer Sprache aufgedrungenen fremden Ausdru¨cke. Braunschweig: in der Schulbuchhandlung.Google Scholar

Chappell, H. & Peyraube, A. (2014). The history of Chinese grammars in Chinese and Western scholarly traditions. Language & History, 57, 107–36.Google Scholar

Clajus, J. (1578 [1894]). Grammatica Germanicae Linguae. Leipzig: Johannes Rhamba. Reprint Strasbourg: Trübner.Google Scholar

Clyne, M. (1992). Pluricentric Languages: Differing Norms in Different Nations. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Colombat, B., Fournier, J.-M. & Ayres-Bennett, W., eds. (2011). Grand Corpus des grammaires et des remarques sur la langue franc¸aise (XIVe–XVIIe s.). URL for subscribers: www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/grammaires. Paris: Classiques Garnier Numérique.Google Scholar

Considine, J. (2008). Dictionaries in Early Modern Europe: Lexicography and the Making of Heritage. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Considine, J. (2014). Academy Dictionaries 1600–1800. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Coupland, N. & Kristiansen, T. (2011). SLICE: critical perspectives on language (de)standardisation. In Kristiansen, T. & Coupland, N., eds., Standard Languages and Language Standards in a Changing Europe. Oslo: Novus, pp. 11–35.Google Scholar

Davies, W. & Langer, N. (2006). The Making of Bad Language: Lay Linguistic Stigmatisations in German: Past And Present. Frankfurt am Main, etc.: Peter Lang.Google Scholar

Del Valle, J., ed. (2013). A Political History of Spanish: The Making of a Language. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

DesRuisseaux, P. (2009 [1979]). Dictionnaire des expressions québécoises, 2nd expanded edn. Quebec: Bibliothèque québécoise.Google Scholar

Du Bellay, J. (1549). Défense et illustration de la langue franc¸aise (1549). Text available online at www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/francophonie/Du_Bellay.htm, following edition of Paris, Nelson, 1936 [complété par l’édition Louis Humbert chez Garnier].Google Scholar

Eichinger, L. (2005). Norm und regionale Variation: zur realen Existenz nationaler Varietäten. In Mattheier, K. J. & Lenz, A. N., eds., Varieta¨ten – Theorie und Empirie. Frankfurt: Lang, pp. 141–62.Google Scholar

Fortunio, G. F. (1516). Regole grammaticali della volgar lingua. Ancora: B. Vercellese.Google Scholar

García, O. & Wei, L. (2014). Translanguaging: Language, Bilingualism and Education. London: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Gardt, A. (1999). Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft in Deutschland vom Mittelalter bis ins 20. Jahrhundert. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Gardt, A. (2000). Sprachnationalismus zwischen 1850 und 1945. In Gardt, A., ed., Nation und Sprache: Die Diskussion ihres Verha¨ltnisses in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 247–71.Google Scholar

Geeraerts, D. (2003). Culture models of linguistic standardization. In Dirven, R., Frank, R. & Pütz, M., eds., Cognitive Models in Language and Thought: Ideology, Metaphors and Meanings. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 25–68.Google Scholar

Geraghty, M. (2017). Linguistic ideology and the ‘correct’ use of language in Camilo Ortuzar’s Diccionario manual de locuciones viciosas (1893). Language & History, 60(2), 129–45.Google Scholar

Gianninoto, M. (2014). The development of Chinese Grammars and the classification of the parts of speech. Language & History, 57, 137–48.Google Scholar

Gilliver, P. (2016). The Making of the Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Görlach, M. (1998). An Annotated Bibliography of 19th-Century Grammars of English. Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar

Haß-Zumkehr, U. (2000). Das Deutsche Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm als Nationaldenkmal. In Gardt, A., ed., Nation und Sprache: Die Diskussion ihres Verha¨ltnisses in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 247–72.Google Scholar

Haugen, E. (1950). First Grammatical Treatise. The earliest Germanic phonology. Language, 26(4), 4–64.Google Scholar

Haugen, E. (1966). Dialect, language, nation. American Anthropologist, 68, 929–35.Google Scholar

Haugen, E. (1972). First Grammatical Treatise: The Earliest Germanic Philology. An Edition, Translation and Commentary, 2nd edn. London: Longman.Google Scholar

Hausmann, F. J., Reichmann, O., Wiegard, H. E. & Zgusta, L., eds. (1989–91, 2013). Wo¨rterbu¨cher: Ein internationales Handbuch zur Lexikographie. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Havinga, A. (2018). Invisibilising Austrian German: On the Effect of Linguistic Prescriptions and Educational Reforms on Writing Practices in 18th-Century Austria. Berlin: De Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Havinga, A. & Langer, N., eds. (2015). Invisible Languages in the Nineteenth Century. Frankfurt am Main, etc.: Peter Lang.Google Scholar

Hayden, D. (2011). Poetic law and the medieval Irish linguist: Contextualising the vices and virtues of verse composition in Auraicept na néces. Language & History, 54, 1–34.Google Scholar

Herrwegen, A. (2002). De ko¨lsche Sproch. Cologne: J. P. Bachem (new edition 2017).Google Scholar

Hodson, J. (2006). The problem of Joseph Priestley’s (1733–1804) descriptivism. Historiographia Linguistica, 33, 57–84.Google Scholar

Houdebine-Gravaud, A.-M. (2002). L’Imaginaire linguistique: Un niveau d’analyse et un point de vue théorique. Paris: L’Harmattan.Google Scholar

Huesman, A. (1997). Standardisierung und Destandardisierung am Beispiel des österreichischen Wörterbuches. In Mattheier, K. J. & Radtke, E., eds., Standardisierung und Destandardisierung europa¨ischer Nationalsprachen. Frankfurt: Lang, pp. 193–99.Google Scholar

Humphries, E. (2019). #JeSuisCirconflexe: the French spelling reform of 1990 and 2016 reactions. Journal of French Language Studies, 29, 1–17.Google Scholar

Jaffe, A. (2008). Language ecologies and the meaning of diversity: Corsican bilingual education and the concept of ‘polynomie’. In Creese, A., Martin, P. & Hornberger, N. H., eds., Encyclopedia of Language and Education, 2nd edn. Vol. IX: Ecology of Language. New York: Springer, pp. 225–35.Google Scholar

Jahr, E. H. (2003). Norwegian. In Deumert, A. & Vandenbussche, W., eds., Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 331–53.Google Scholar

Jellinek, M. (1913–14). Geschichte der neuhochdeutschen Grammatik von den Anfa¨ngen bis auf Adelung. Heidelberg: Carl Winter.Google Scholar

Jones, W. J. (1999). Images of Language: German Attitudes to European Languages from 1500 to 1800. Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar

Jones, W. J. (2000). German Lexicography in the European Context: A Descriptive Bibliography of Printed Dictionaries and Word Lists Containing German Language (1600–1700). Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Jungmann, J. (1834–39). Slovnı´k cˇesko-neˇmecky´. Prague: Academia Praha.Google Scholar

Karttunen, F. (1983). An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar

Klöter, H. (2010). The Language of the Sangleys: A Chinese Vernacular in Missionary Sources of the Seventeenth Century. Leiden, Boston, MA: Brill.Google Scholar

Kroskrity, P. V. (2010). Language ideologies – evolving perspectives. In Jaspers, J., Östman, J.-O. & Verscheuren, J., eds., Society and Language Use. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 192–211.Google Scholar

Kubler, C. C. (1985). A Study of Europeanized Grammar in Modern Written Chinese. Doctoral thesis. Student Book Co.Google Scholar

Langer, N. (2001). Linguistic Purism in Action: How Auxiliary Tun Was Stigmatized in Early New High German. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Laurendeau, P. (2004). Un remarqueur canadien de l’entre-deux-guerres: Louis-Philippe Geoffrion et ses Zigzags autour de nos parlers. In Caron, P., ed., Les Remarqueurs sur la langue franc¸aise du XVIe sie`cle a` nos jours. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes, pp. 211–35.Google Scholar

Law, C. (2007). Sprachratgeber und Stillehren in Deutschland (1923–1967): Ein Vergleich der Sprach- und Stilauffassung in vier politischen Systemen. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Law, V. (2003). The History of Linguistics in Europe from Plato to 1600. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Linn, A. R. (1998). Ivar Aasen and V.U. Hammershaimb: towards a stylistics of standardization. Ivar Aasen-Studiar, 1, 93–118.Google Scholar

Marcellesi, J.-B. (1989). Corse et théorie sociolinguistique: reflets croisés. In Ravis-Giordani, G., ed., L’Iˆle miroir. Ajaccio: La Marge, pp. 165–74.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. (2001). Albertus (1573) and Ölinger (1574): creating the first grammars of German. Historiographia Linguistica, 28, 7–38.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. (2005). Authority and audience in seventeenth-century German grammatical texts. Modern Language Review, 100, 1025–42.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. (2008). Approaches to the semantics and syntax of the adverb in German foreign language grammars. Beitra¨ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft, 18, 37–58.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. (2011a). J. G. Schottelius’s Ausfu¨hrliche Arbeit von der Teutschen Haubtsprache (1663) and Its Place in Early Modern European Vernacular Language Study. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. (2011b). Lessons from literary theory: applying the notion of transtextuality (Genette, 1982) to early modern German grammars. In Hassler, G., ed., History of Linguistics 2008. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 187–200.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. (2012). Rules for the neighbours: prescriptions of the German language for British learners. In Percy, C., ed., The Languages of Nation: Attitudes and Norms. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, pp. 245–70.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. (2014). Language description, prescription and usage in seventeenth-century German. In Rutten, G., Vosters, R. & Vandenbussche, W., eds., Norms and Usage in Language History, 1600–1900: A Sociolinguistic and Comparative Perspective. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 251–76.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. (2015). German through English Eyes: A History of Language Teaching and Learning in Britain, 1500–2000, Fremdsprachen in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. (2018a). Deutsch als Fremdsprache und die deutsch-englische Lexikographie bis 1900. In Engelberg, S., Kämper, H. & Storjohann, P., eds., Germanistische Sprachwissenschaft um 2020. Mannheim: Institut Deutsche Sprache, Vol. 2, pp. 295–320.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. (2018b). Mining foreign language teaching manuals for the history of pragmatics. Journal of Historical Pragmatics, 19, 28–54.Google Scholar

McLelland, N. & Zhao, H., eds. (forthcoming). Language Standards, Norms, and Variation in Multilingual Contexts – Asian Perspectives. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar

Medina, A. (2013). The institutionalization of language in eighteenth-century Spain. In Del Valle, J., ed., A Political History of Spanish: The Making of a Language. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 77–92.Google Scholar

Milroy, J. & Milroy, L. (1999 [1985]). Authority in Language: Investigating Language Prescription and Standardization. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Moeimam, S. & Steinhauer, H. (2007). The Dutch–Indonesian Dictionary Project. International Journal of Lexicography, 20, 275–93.Google Scholar

Moulin, C. (2006). Grammatisierung und Standardisierung des Luxemburgischen: eine grammatikographisch-sprachhistorische Annäherung. In Moulin, C. & Nübling, D., eds., Perspektiven einer linguistischen Luxemburgistik: Studien zu Diachronie und Synchronie. Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pp. 305–39.Google Scholar

Moulin-Fankhänel, C. (1994, 1997). Bibliographie der deutschen Grammatiken und Orthographielehren. Vol I: Von den Anfa¨ngen der U¨berlieferung bis zum Ende des 16. Jahrhunderts. Vol II: Das 17. Jahrhundert. Heidelberg: Carl Winter.Google Scholar

Müller, J. (1969 [1882]). Quellenschriften und Geschichte des deutschsprachlichen Unterrichts bis zur Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts. Hildesheim: Olms.Google Scholar

ó Murchadha, N. (2016). The efficacy of unitary and polynomic models of codification in minority language contexts: ideological, pragmatic and pedagogical issues in the codification of Irish. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 37, 199–215.Google Scholar

O¨linger, A. (1573 [1975]). Underricht der HochTeutschen Spraach. Strasbourg: Nicolaus Vuyriot. Reprint Hildesheim: Olms.Google Scholar

O’Rourke, B. & Pujolar, J. (2013). From native speakers to ‘new speakers’: problematizing nativeness in language revitalization contexts. Histoire, épistémologie, Langage, 35, 47–67.Google Scholar

Ortúzar Montt, C. (1893). Diccionario manual de locuciones viciosas y de correcciones de lenguaje. Santiago: Imprenta Salesiana.Google Scholar

Padley, G. A. (1985, 1988). Grammatical Theory in Western Europe 1500–1700: Trends in Vernacular Grammar. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Paffey, D. (2012). Language Ideologies and the Globalization of ‘Standard’ Spanish. London/New York: Bloomsbury Academic.Google Scholar

Puff, H. (1995). ‘Von dem schlu¨ssel aller Ku¨nsten/nemblich der Grammatica.’: Deutsch im lateinischen Grammatikunterricht 1480–1560. Tübingen: Francke Verlag.Google Scholar

Pytlowany, A. (2018). Ketelaar Rediscovered: The First Dutch Grammar of Persian and Hindustani (1698). Doctoral thesis. University of Amsterdam.Google Scholar

Quesada Pacheco, M. Á. (2002). El espan˜ol de América: historia de un concepto, 2nd edn. Cartago: Editorial Tecnológica de Costa Rica.Google Scholar

Remysen, W. (2005). La Chronique de langage à la lumière de l’expérience canadienne française: un essai de définition. In Gauvin, K., Remysen, W. & Bérubé, J., eds., Les Journées de linguistique: Actes du 18e colloque 11–12 mars 2004. Quebec: Centre interdisciplinaire de recherches sur les activités langagières, pp. 267–81.Google Scholar

Remysen, W. (2011). L’Application du modèle de l’imaginaire linguistique à des corpus écrits: le cas des chroniques de langage dans la presse québécoise. Langage et société, 135, 47–65.Google Scholar

Remysen, W. (2013). Comment définir le bon usage au Canada français? Le point de vue des chroniqueurs du langage. In Ayres-Bennett, W. & Seijido, M., eds., Bon usage et variation sociolinguistique: Perspectives diachroniques et traditions nationales. Lyon: ENS Editions, pp. 179–93.Google Scholar

Rojas, D. (2015). El Diccionario de chilenismos (1875) de Zorobabel Rodríguez: ideologías lingüísticas e intertextualidad. Revista de Humanidades, 32, 82–116.Google Scholar

Rosier-Catach, I. (2000). La Grammaire spéculative du Bas Moyen-Age. In Auroux, S., Koerner, K., Niederehe, H.-J. & Versteegh, K., eds., History of the Language Sciences. An International Handbook, Vol I. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 541–51.Google Scholar

Ross, C. & Sheng Ma, J. (2006). Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Rutten, G. (2009). Grammar to the people: the Dutch language and the public sphere in the 18th century. Beitra¨ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft, 19, 55–86.Google Scholar

Rutten, G. (2016). Teaching the genitive: variation of genitival constructions in Dutch ‘national’ grammar (1800–1830). Beitra¨ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft, 26, 123–38.Google Scholar

Scheuringer, H. (2001). Die deutsche Sprache in Österreich. In Knipf-Komlösi, E. & Berend, N., eds., Regionale Standards: Sprachvariationen in den deutschsprachigen La¨ndern. Budapest: Pecs.Google Scholar

Schieffelin, B. B., Woolard, K. A. & Kroskrity, P. V. (1998). Language Ideologies: Practice and Theory. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Schottelius, J.-G. (1663 [1967]). Ausfu¨hrliche Arbeit von der teutschen Haubtsprache. Braunschweig: Zilliger. Reprint Tübingen: Niemeeyer, ed. Hecht, W..Google Scholar

Simmons, R. (2016). The evolution of the Chinese Sìhū 四呼 concept of syllable classification. Historiographia Linguistica, 43, 251–84.Google Scholar

Société du parler français au Canada (1930). Glossaire du parler franc¸ais au Canada. Quebec: L’Action sociale.Google Scholar

Stukenbrock, A. (2005). Sprachnationalismus: Sprachreflexion als Medium kollektiver Identita¨tsstiftung in Deutschland (1617–1945). Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Swiggers, P., & Vanvolsem, S. (1987). Les premières grammaires vernaculaires de l’italien, de l’espagnol et du portugais. Histoire, épistémologie, Langage, 9, 157–81.Google Scholar

Thomas, G. (1991). Linguistic Purism. London: Longman.Google Scholar

Tieken-Boon van Ostade, I., ed. (2008). Grammars, Grammarians and Grammar-Writing in Eighteenth-century England, with editor’s introduction ‘Grammars, grammarians, and grammar-writing’ (pp. 1–14). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Tieken-Boon van Ostade, I. & Percy, C. (2016). Prescription and Tradition in Language: Establishing Standards across Time and Space. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar

Usito (2009–). Dictionnaire Usito. Quebec: Les Éditions Delisme; online University of Sherbrooke. Retrieved March 2019 from www.usito.com.Google Scholar

Villa, L. (2013). The officialization of Spanish in mid-nineteenth-century Spain: the Academy’s authority. In Del Valle, J., ed., A Political History of Spanish: The Making of a Language. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 93–105.Google Scholar

Walsh, O. (2016a). Les Chroniques de langage and the development of linguistic purism in Québec. Nottingham French Studies, 55, 132–57.Google Scholar

Walsh, O. (2016b). Linguistic Purism: Language Attitudes in France and Quebec. Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar

Wang, Li. 王力. (1990). ‘Hanyu yufashi hanyu cihuishi’ 汉语语法史汉语词汇史 [The histories of Chinese grammars and Chinese words]. In Hongxin, W. 王洪信 & Qiancun, S. 隋千存, eds., Collected Works of Wang Li, Vol. XI. Jinan: Shandong Education Press.Google Scholar

Watts, R. J. (2008). Grammar writers in eighteenth-century Britain: a community of practice or a discourse community? In Tieken-Boon van Ostade, I., ed., Grammars, Grammarians and Grammar Writing in Eighteenth-Century England. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 37–56.Google Scholar

Wiegand, E. P. (2000a). Altes und Neues zur Makrostruktur alphabetischer Printwörterbücher. In Kammerer, M. & Wolski, W., eds., Herbert Ernst Wiegand: Kleine Schriften, Vol II. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 1428–53.Google Scholar

Wiegand, E. P. (2000b). Wörterbuchartikel als Text. In Kammerer, M. & Wolski, W., eds., Herbert Ernst Wiegand: Kleine Schriften, Vol II. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 877–950.Google Scholar

Wiesinger, P. (2000). Nation und Sprache in Österreich. In Gardt, A., ed., Nation und Sprache: Die Diskussion ihres Verha¨ltnisses in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 525–62.Google Scholar

Woolard, K. A. & Schiefflin, B. B. (1994). Language ideology. Annual Review of Anthropology, 23, 55–82.Google Scholar

Zgusta, L. (2006). Lexicography Then and Now: Selected Essays, eds. Dolezal, F. & Creamer, T.. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Zimmerman, K. & Kellermeier-Rehbein, B., eds. (2015). Colonialism and Missionary Linguistics. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar

Zwartjes, O. (2011). Portuguese Missionary Grammars in Asia, Africa and Brazil, 1550–1800. Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar

Atkins, B. T. & Rundell, M. (2008). The Oxford Guide to Practical Lexicography. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Aitken, A. J., Allsopp, S. R. R., Bansal, R. K., et al. (1979). The development of English as a world language. In Hanks, P., ed., Collins Dictionary of the English Language, 1st edn. Glasgow: Collins, pp. xxii–xxx.Google Scholar

Beattie, S., ed. (2016). Collins Easy Learning Irish Dictionary, 2nd edn. Glasgow: Collins.Google Scholar

Brookes, I. & O’Neill, M., eds. (2018). Collins English Dictionary, 13th edn. Glasgow: Collins.Google Scholar

Brookes, I., Grandison, A., Hollingworth, L., Hucker, H., Munro, M. & O’Neill, M., eds. (2018). Collins English School Dictionary, 6th edn. Glasgow: Collins.Google Scholar

Comer, N., Uí Dhuifinn, G., Mac Mathúna, S., Nic Mhaoláin, M., ó Corráin, A. & ó Mianáin, P., eds. (2019a). Collins Gem Irish Dictionary, 5th edn. Glasgow: Collins.Google Scholar

Comer, N., Uí Dhuifinn, G., Mac Mathúna, S., Nic Mhaoláin, M., ó Corráin, A. & ó Mianáin, P., eds. (2019b). Collins Irish Dictionary: Pocket Edition, 5th edn. Glasgow: Collins.Google Scholar

Hanks, P. (2010). Compiling a monolingual dictionary for native speakers. Lexikos, 20, 580–98.Google Scholar

Hidalgo Tenorio, E. (2000). Gender, sex and stereotyping in the Collins COBUILD English language dictionary. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 20(2), 211–30.Google Scholar

Hill, B. M. & Shaw, A. (2013). The Wikipedia gender gap revisited: characterizing survey response bias with propensity score estimation. PLoS ONE, 8(6), e65782.Google Scholar

Ishikawa, S. (2011). Duality in the spelling of English verb suffixes -ize and -ise: a corpus-based study. International Proceedings of Economics Development and Research, 26, 390–6.Google Scholar

Kerswill, P. (2006). Standard English, RP and the standard–non-standard relationship. In Britain, D., ed., Language in the British Isles, 2nd edn. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 34–51.Google Scholar

ó Baoill, D. P. (2010). Irish. In Ball, M. J. & Müller, N., eds. The Celtic Languages, 2nd edn. London: Routledge, pp. 163–229.Google Scholar

ó Dochartaigh, C. (1992). The Irish language. In MacAulay, D., ed., The Celtic Languages. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 11–99.Google Scholar

O’Rourke, B. & Walsh, J. (2015). New speakers of Irish: shifting boundaries across time and space. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 231, 63–83.Google Scholar

Rottet, K. J. (2014). Neology, competing authenticities, and the lexicography of regional languages: the case of Breton. Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America, 35, 208–47.Google Scholar

Saito, H. (2015). Vowel shifts of English. グローバル·コミュニケーション研究 [Global Communication Studies], 2, 93–102.Google Scholar

Sinclair, J., ed. (2018). Collins COBUILD Advanced Learners’ Dictionary, 9th edn. Glasgow: Collins.Google Scholar

Trudgill, P. (2001). Sociolinguistic Variation and Change. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar

Alfieri, G. (2011). Giovanni Verga. In Simone, R., ed., Enciclopedia dell’italiano, Vol. II. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, pp. 1569–72.Google Scholar

Alfieri, G. (2016). Verga. Rome: Salerno Editrice.Google Scholar

Ammon, U. (1986). Explikation der Begriffe ‘Standardvarietät’ und ‘Standardsprache’ auf normtheorethischer Grundlage. In Holtus, G. & Radtke, E., eds., Sprachlicher Substandard, Vol. I. Tübingen: Niemeyer, pp. 1–62.Google Scholar

Ammon, U. (2003). On social forces that determine what is standard in a language and on conditions of successful implementation. Sociolinguistica, 17, 1–10.Google Scholar

Antonelli, G. (2007). L’italiano nella societa` della comunicazione. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Ascoli, G. I. (2008). Scritti sulla questione della lingua, ed. Grassi, C.. Turin: Einaudi.Google Scholar

Banfi, E. (2014). Lingue d’Italia fuori d’Italia: Europa, Mediterraneo e Levante dal Medioevo all’eta` moderna. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Bartoli, D. (1655). Il torto e il diritto del non si puo`. Rome: per Ignazio de’ Lazzeri.Google Scholar

Beccaria, G. L. (1993). Dal Settecento al Novecento. In Serianni, L. & Trifone, P., eds., Storia della lingua italiana. Vol I: I luoghi della codificazione. Turin: Einaudi, pp. 679–749.Google Scholar

Bembo, P. (1525). Prose di M. Pietro Bembo nelle quali si ragiona della volgar lingua. Venice: Giovanni Taccuino.Google Scholar

Bembo, P. (2001). Prose della volgar lingua, ed. Vela, C., Milan: CLEUB.Google Scholar

Benincà, P. (1974). Italiano standard o italiano scolastico? In Dal dialetto alla lingua: atti del IX Convegno per gli studi dialettali italiani (Lecce, 28 settembre–1° ottobre 1972). Pisa: Pacini, pp. 13–19.Google Scholar

Berruto, G. (1987). Sociolinguistica dell’italiano contemporaneo. Rome: La Nuova Italia Scientifica.Google Scholar

Berruto, G. (2007). Miserie e grandezze dello standard: considerazioni sulla nozione di standard in linguistica e sociolinguistica. In Molinelli, P., ed., Standard e non standard tra scelta e norma: atti del XXX Congresso SIG (Bergamo 20–22 ottobre 2005). Rome: Il Calamo, pp. 13–41.Google Scholar

Berruto, G. (2010). Italiano standard. In Simone, R., ed., Enciclopedia dell’italiano, Vol. I. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, pp. 729–31.Google Scholar

Berruto, G. (2012). Sociolinguistica dell’italiano contemporaneo. Rome: Carocci.Google Scholar

Berruto, G. (2017). What is changing in Italian today? Phenomena of restandardization in syntax and morphology: an overview. In Cerruti, M., Crocco, C. & Marzo, S., eds., Towards a New Standard: Theoretical and Empirical Studies on the Restandardization of Italian. Boston, MA/Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, pp. 31–60.Google Scholar

Bianconi, S. (1989). I due linguaggi. Bellinzona: Casagrande.Google Scholar

Bianconi, S. (2003). ‘La nostra lingua italiana comune’ ovvero la ‘strana questione’ dell’italofonia prenuitaria. In Marcato, G., ed., Italiano: strana lingua? Atti del Convegno di Sappada (3–7 luglio 2002). Padua: Unipress, pp. 5–16.Google Scholar

Bianconi, S. (2013). L’italiano lingua popolare: la comunicazione scritta e parlata dei senza lettere nella Svizzera italiana dal Cinquecento al Novecento. Florence: Accademia della Crusca.Google Scholar

Bonomi, I. (2010). La lingua dei giornali. In Simone, R., ed., Enciclopedia dell’italiano, Vol. I. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, pp. 580–3.Google Scholar

Bonomi, I. (2011). Manzonismi. In Simone, R., ed., Enciclopedia dell’italiano, Vol. II. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, pp. 854–6.Google Scholar

Bonomi, I. & Maraschio, N. (2016). Giornali, radio e TV. Rome: Accademia della Crusca–la Repubblica.Google Scholar

Bruni, F. (1984). L’italiano: elementi di storia della lingua e della cultura. Turin: UTET.Google Scholar

Bruni, F. (2007). Per la vitalità dell’italiano preunitario fuori d’Italia, I: notizie sull’italiano nella diplomazia internazionale. Lingua e stile, 42, 189–242.Google Scholar

Bruni, F. (2013). L’italiano fuori d’Italia, Florence: Cesati.Google Scholar

Buommattei, B. (1643). Della lingua toscana. Florence: Zanobi Pignoni.Google Scholar

Castellani, A. (1998). Sulla formazione del sistema paragrafematico moderno. Studi linguistici italiani, 21, 3–47.Google Scholar

Cialdini, F. (2018). Gli ‘Avvertimenti’ di Lionardo Salviati tra filologia, letteratura e grammatica. Rassegna della letteratura italiana, 1, 36–46.Google Scholar

Coletti, V. (1993). Storia dell’italiano letterario. Turin: Einaudi.Google Scholar

Coletti, V., ed. (2011). L’italiano dalla nazione allo Stato. Florence: Le Lettere.Google Scholar

Coletti, V. (2012). Eccessi di parole. Florence: Cesati.Google Scholar

Colombo, M., ed. (2007). B. Buommattei, Della lingua toscana. Florence: Accademia della Crusca.Google Scholar

Corticelli, S. (1745). Regole ed osservazioni della lingua toscana. Bologna: Stamperia di Lelio dalla Volpe.Google Scholar

Coşeriu, E. (1952). Sistema, norma y habla. Montevideo: Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias.Google Scholar

D’Achille, P. (2010a). ‘Lingua d’oggi’. In Simone, R., ed., Enciclopedia dell’italiano, Vol. I. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, pp. 793–800.Google Scholar

D’Achille, P. (2010b). L’italiano contemporaneo. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

D’Achille, P. (2011a). I molti italiani e la nuova norma. In Coletti, V., ed., L’italiano dalla nazione allo Stato. Florence: Le Lettere, pp. 173–9.Google Scholar

D’Achille, P. (2011b). Norma linguistica. In Simone, R., ed., Enciclopedia dell’italiano, Vol. II. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, pp. 961–5.Google Scholar

D’Achille, P. (2012). Il concetto di italiano standard dall’Unità a oggi: questioni di terminologia e problemi di norma. In Di Pretoro, P. A. & Unfer Lukoschik, R., eds., Lingua e letteratura italiana 150 anni dopo l’Unita`: atti del convegno internazionale di studi presso l’Universita` di Zurigo (30 marzo–1 aprile 2011). Munich: Martin Meidenbauer, pp. 113–28.Google Scholar

D’Achille, P. (2017). Fortunio e Trissino: un possibile confronto. In Moreno, P. & Valenti, G., eds. ‘Un pelago di scienza con amore’: le Regole di Fortunio a cinquecento anni dalla stampa. Rome: Salerno, pp. 95–110.Google Scholar

D’Achille, P. & Proietti, D. (2011). Articolazioni e determinazioni nella definizione della lingua nazionale: l’italiano con aggettivi dall’Unità a oggi. In Nesi, A., Morgana, S. & Maraschio, N., eds., Storia della lingua italiana e storia dell’Italia unita: l’italiano e lo Stato nazionale. Atti del IX convegno internazionale ASLI (Firenze 2–4 dicembre 2010). Florence: Cesati, pp. 215–30.Google Scholar

de Liguori, A. M. (1771). Istruzione ai predicatori o sia vero modo di predicare con semplicita` evangelica. Venice: Giovanni Vitto.Google Scholar

De Mauro, T. (1963). Storia linguistica dell’Italia unita. Bari: Laterza.Google Scholar

De Mauro, T. ed. (2007). Primo Tesoro della lingua letteraria del Novecento. Turin: UTET.Google Scholar

De Mauro, T. (2014). Storia linguistica dell’Italia repubblicana. Bari: Laterza.Google Scholar

Folena, G. (1983). L’italiano in Europa. Turin: Einaudi.Google Scholar

Fortunio, G. F. (1516). Regole grammaticali della volgar lingua. Ancona: Bernardino Guerralda.Google Scholar

Ghinassi, G. (2007). Due lezioni di storia della lingua italiana: premessa di P. Bongrani. Florence: Cesati.Google Scholar

Giovanardi, C. (1998). La teoria cortigiana e il dibattito linguistico del primo Cinquecento. Rome: Bulzoni.Google Scholar

Leopardi, G. (1976). Tutte le opere, ed. Binni, W.. Florence: Sansoni.Google Scholar

Librandi, R. (2004). Varietà intermedie di italiano in testi preunitari. In Van Deyck, R., Sornicola, R. & Kabatek, J., eds., Langue parlée langue écrite dans le présent et dans le passé. Ghent: Communication & Cognition, pp. 77–103.Google Scholar

Librandi, R. (2012). La letteratura religiosa. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Livi Bacci, M. (2013). Il cambio demografico delle città nell’Italia postunitaria. In Banfi, E. & Maraschio, N., eds., Citta` d’Italia: dinamiche linguistiche postunitarie. Florence: Accademia della Crusca, pp. 51–69.Google Scholar

Maraschio, N. (1993). Grafia e ortografia: evoluzione e codificazione. In Serianni, L. & Trifone, P., eds., Storia della lingua italiana. Vol I: I luoghi della codificazione. Turin: Einaudi, pp. 139–227.Google Scholar

Maraschio, N. (2000). Lionardo Salviati e l’‘Oratione in lode della fiorentina favella’ (1564–1575). In Bongrani, P., Dardi, A., Fanfani, M. & Tesi, R., eds., Studi di storia della lingua italiana offerti a Ghino Ghinassi. Florence: Le Lettere, pp. 187–205.Google Scholar

Maraschio, N. (2017). Le Regole del Fortunio tra ortografia e fonetica. In Moreno, P. & Valenti, G., eds., ‘Un pelago di scienza con amore’: le Regole di Fortunio a cinquecento anni dalla stampa. Rome: Salerno, pp. 195–213.Google Scholar

Maraschio, N. & Poggi Salani, T. (2008). La prima edizione del Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca. In Una lingua, una civilta`, il Vocabolario. Florence: Accademia della Crusca/Era edizioni, pp. 22–58.Google Scholar

Marazzini, C. (1989). Storia e coscienza della lingua italiana dall’Umanesimo al Romanticismo. Turin: Rosenberg & Sellier.Google Scholar

Marazzini, C. (1997). Grammatica e scuola dal XVI al XIX secolo. In Norma e lingua in Italia: alcune riflessioni fra passato e presente. Milan: Istituto Lombardo di Scienze e Lettere, pp. 7–27.Google Scholar

Marazzini, C. (1999). Da Dante alla lingua selvaggia: sette secoli di dibattiti sull’italiano, Rome: Carocci.Google Scholar

Marazzini, C. (2006). Sulla norma dell’italiano moderno: con una riflessione sull’origine e sulla legittimità delle ‘regole’ secondo gli antichi grammatici. LId’O – Lingua italiana d’oggi, 3, 85–101.Google Scholar

Marazzini, C. (2009). L’ordine delle parole: storia di vocabolari italiani. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Matarrese, T. (1993). Storia della lingua italiana: il Settecento. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Matarrese, T. (2010). Goldoni, Carlo. In Simone, R., ed., Enciclopedia dell’italiano, Vol. I. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, pp. 591–3.Google Scholar

Matarrese, T. & Praloran, M., eds. (2016). L. Ariosto, Orlando Furioso. Secondo l’editio princeps del 1516, 2 vols. Turin: Einaudi.Google Scholar

Mengaldo, P. V. (1994). Il Novecento. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Miesse, H. & Valenti, G., eds. (2018). Modello, regola, ordine: Parcours normatifs dans l’Italie du Cinquecento. Rennes: Presses Universitaires.Google Scholar

Mioni, A. (1983). Italiano tendenziale: osservazioni su alcuni aspetti della standardizzazione. In Benincà, P. & Pellegrini, G. B., eds., Scritti linguistici in onore di Giovan Battista Pellegrini, Vol. I. Pisa: Pacini, pp. 495–517.Google Scholar

Moreno, P. (2018). Gli appunti grammaticali di Francesco Guicciardini, tra ‘fiorentino argenteo’ e modello bembiano. In Miesse, H. & Valenti, G., eds., Modello, regola, ordine: Parcours normatifs dans l’Italie du Cinquecento. Rennes: Presses Universitaires, pp. 17–51.Google Scholar

Moreno, P. (2020). Come lavorava Guicciardini. Rome: Carocci.Google Scholar

Moreno, P. & Valenti, G., eds. (2017a). ‘Un pelago di scienza con amore’: le Regole di Fortunio a cinquecento anni dalla stampa. Rome: Salerno.Google Scholar

Moreno, P. & Valenti, G. (2017b). Marcantonio Flaminio tra Fortunio e Bembo. In Moreno, P. & Valenti, G., eds., ‘Un pelago di scienza con amore’: le Regole di Fortunio a cinquecento anni dalla stampa. Rome: Salerno, pp. 177–94.Google Scholar

Morgana, S. (2011). Manzoni, Alessandro. In Simone, R., ed., Enciclopedia dell’italiano, Vol. II. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, pp. 851–4.Google Scholar

Mortara Garavelli, B., ed. (2008). Storia della punteggiatura in Europa. Rome/Bari: Laterza.Google Scholar

Nencioni, G. (1974). Introduzione a R. Fornaciari, Sintassi dell’italiano moderno, ristampa anastatica. Florence: Sansoni.Google Scholar

Nencioni, G. (1983). Essenza del toscano. In Di scritto e di parlato: discorsi linguistici. Bologna: Zanichelli, pp. 32–56.Google Scholar

Nencioni, G. (2000). Vita nazionale dell’italiano. In Saggi e memorie. Pisa: Scuola Normale Superiore, pp. 357–64.Google Scholar

Pascoli, G. (2019). Selected Poems of Giovanni Pascoli, trans. Silverman, T. with Della, M. Putta Johnston. Princeton, NJ/Oxford: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Patota, G. (2017). La quarta corona: Pietro Bembo e la codificazione dell’italiano scritto. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Poggi Salani, T. (1988). Italienisch: Grammatikographie. Storia delle grammatiche. In Lexikon der Romanistischen Linguistik, Vol IV. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, pp. 774–86.Google Scholar

Poggi Salani, T., ed. (2013). A. Manzoni, I Promessi Sposi. Milan: Centro Nazionale di Studi Manzoniani.Google Scholar

Poggi Salani, T. & Nesi, A. (2014). L’italiano attraverso le città: la lingua delle città: concludendo una ricerca. In Banfi, E. & Maraschio, N., eds., Citta` d’Italia: dinamiche linguistiche postunitarie. Atti del convegno per i 50 anni della Storia linguistica dell’Italia unita di Tullio De Mauro (Firenze 18–19 aprile 2013). Florence: Accademia della Crusca, pp. 157–78.Google Scholar

Puppo, M., ed. (1966). M. Cesarotti, Saggio sulla filosofia delle lingue. Milan: Marzorati.Google Scholar

Renzi, L. (2012). Come cambia la lingua: l’italiano in movimento. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Renzi, L., Salvi, G. & Cardinaletti, A., eds. (1988–95). Grande grammatica italiana di consultazione. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Richardson, B., ed. (2001). G. F. Fortunio, Regole grammaticali della volgar lingua. Padua: Antenore.Google Scholar

Richardson, B. (2007). The concept of a lingua comune in Renaissance Italy. In Lepschy, A. L. & Tosi, A., eds., Languages of Italy: Histories and Dictionaries. Ravenna: Longo, pp. 11–28.Google Scholar

Rossi, F. (2010). Internet. In Simone, R., ed., Enciclopedia dell’italiano, Vol. I. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, pp. 674–6.Google Scholar

Sabatini, F. (1985). L’italiano dell’uso medio: una realtà tra le varietà linguistiche italiane. In Holtus, G. & Radtke, E., eds., Gesprochenes Italienisch in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Tübingen: Narr, pp. 154–84.Google Scholar

Sabatini, F. (2006). La storia dell’italiano nella prospettiva della Corpus Linguistics. In Corini, E., Marello, C. & Onesti, C., eds., Atti XII Congresso Euralex. Alessandria: Edizioni dell’Orso, pp. 31–7.Google Scholar

Salviati, L. (1584). Degli avvertimenti della lingua sopra ’l Decamerone. Volume primo. Venice: fratelli Guerra.Salviati, L. (1586). Del secondo volume degli avvertimenti della lingua sopra il Decamerone. Florence: Giunti.Google Scholar

Serianni, L. (1988). Grammatica italiana: italiano comune e lingua letteraria, con la collaborazione di Alberto Castelvecchi. Turin: UTET.Google Scholar

Serianni, L. (1991). La lingua italiana tra norma e uso. In Marello, C. & Mondelli, G., eds., Riflettere sulla lingua. Florence: La Nuova Italia, pp. 37–52.Google Scholar

Serianni, L. (2006). Prima lezione di grammatica. Rome/Bari: Laterza.Google Scholar

Serianni, L. (2009). La lingua poetica italiana: grammatica e testi. Rome: Carocci.Google Scholar

Simone, R., ed. (2010–11). Enciclopedia dell’italiano, 2 vols. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana.Google Scholar

Stammerjohann, H. (2013). La lingua degli angeli: italianismo, italianismi e giudizi sulla lingua italiana. Florence: Accademia della Crusca.Google Scholar

Tavoni, M. (1992). Storia della lingua italiana: il Quattrocento. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Tavoni, M. (2011). Una lunga questione. In Coletti, V., ed., L’italiano dalla nazione allo Stato. Florence: Le Lettere, pp. 101–9.Google Scholar

Tesi, R. (2009). Un’immensa molteplicita` di lingue e stili: studi sulla fine dell’italiano letterario della tradizione. Florence: Cesati.Google Scholar

Testa, E. (2011). Giovanni Pascoli. In Simone, R., ed., Enciclopedia dell’italiano, Vol. II. Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, pp. 1072–4.Google Scholar

Testa, E. (2014). L’italiano nascosto: una storia linguistica e culturale. Turin: Einaudi.Google Scholar

Tomasin, L. (2009). «Scriver la vita»: lingua e stile nell’autobiografia italiana del Settecento. Florence: Cesati.Google Scholar

Trabalza, C. (1908, 1963). Storia della grammatica italiana. Bologna: Forni Editore.Google Scholar

Trifone, P. (2010). Storia linguistica dell’Italia disunita. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Trifone, P. (2017). Pocoinchiostro: storia dell’italiano comune. Bologna: il Mulino.Google Scholar

Trovato, P. (1998). L’ordine dei tipografi: lettori, stampatori, correttori tra Quattro e Cinquecento. Rome: Bulzoni.Google Scholar

Valenti, G. (2018). De l’uso frequentato si fan norme: L’Italie au XVIe siècle, entre normalité et normativité. In Miesse, H. & Valenti, G., eds., Modello, regola, ordine: Parcours normatifs dans l’Italie du Cinquecento. Rennes: Presses Universitaires, pp. 323–35.Google Scholar

Verri, A. (1764). Rinunzia avanti notaio degli autori del presente foglio periodico al Vocabolario della Crusca. Il Caffe`, 1(4), 47–50 [now in G. Francioni & S. Romagnoli, eds. (1998). Caffe`. Turin: Bollati Boringhieri].Google Scholar

Vitale, M. (1978). La questione della lingua. Palermo: Palumbo.Google Scholar

Vocabolario (1612). Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca. Venice: Giovanni Alberti.Google Scholar

Vocabolario (1623). Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca. In questa seconda impressione da’ medesimi riveduto, e ampliato, con aggiunta di molte voci degli autori del buon secolo, e buona quantita` di quelle dell’uso. Venice: Iacopo Sarzina.Google Scholar

Vocabolario (1691). Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca. In questa terza impressione nuovamente corretto, e copiosamente accresciuto, 3 vols. Florence: Stamperia dell’Accademia della Crusca.Google Scholar

Vocabolario (1729–39). Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca. Quarta impressione, 6 vols. Florence: Domenico Maria Manni.Google Scholar

Vocabolario (1863–1923). Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca. Quinta impressione, 11 vols. (A–Ozono). Florence: Tipografia Galileiana.Google Scholar

Abalain, H. (1989). Destin des langues celtiques. Paris: Ophrys.Google Scholar

Abalain, H. (1995). Histoire de la langue bretonne. Paris: Jean-Paul Giserot.Google Scholar

Ar Rouz, D. (2016). À la poursuite du diamant glaz: le standard breton. Sociolinguistica, 30(1), 145–74.Google Scholar

Bermingham, N. (2018). Double New Speakers? Language ideologies of immigrant students in Galicia. In Smith-Christmas, C., ó Murchadha, N. P., Hornsby, M. & Moriarty, M., eds., New Speakers of Minority Languages: Linguistic Ideologies and Practices. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 111–30.Google Scholar

Boudreau, A. (2016). A` l’ombre de la langue légitime: L’Acadie dans la Francophonie. Paris: Classiques Garnier.Google Scholar

Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.Google Scholar

Camps, D. (2018). Legitimating Limburgish: the reproduction of heritage. In Costa, J., De Korne, H., & Lane, P., eds., Standardizing Minority Languages: Competing Ideologies of Authority and Authenticity in the Global Periphery. London: Routledge and Taylor, pp. 66–83.Google Scholar

Central Statistics Office (2017). Census of Population 2016: Profile 10 – Education, Skills and the Irish Language. Dublin: Stationery Office.Google Scholar

Cook, V. (2016). The Cambridge Handbook of Linguistic Multicompetence. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Costa, J. (2016). Revitalising Language in Provence: A Critical Approach. Oxford: PhilSoc/Wiley Blackwell.Google Scholar

Costa, J., De Korne, H. & Lane, P. (2018). Standardising minority languages: reinventing peripheral languages in the 21st century? In Costa, J., De Korne, H. & Lane, P., eds., Standardizing Minority Languages: Competing Ideologies of Authority and Authenticity in the Global Periphery. London: Routledge and Taylor, pp. 1–23.Google Scholar

Council of Europe (2001). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment. Cambridge, UK: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge.Google Scholar

Darquennes, J. & Vandenbussche, W. (2015). The standardisation of minority languages: introductory remarks. Sociolinguistica, 29, 1–16.Google Scholar

Del Percio, A., Flubacher, M. & Duchêne, A. (2016). Language and political economy. In García, O., Flores, N. & Spotti, M., eds., Oxford Handbook of Language in Society. New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 55–75.Google Scholar

Deumert, A. & Vandenbussche, W., eds. (2003). Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present. Amsterdam/Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Duchêne, A., Moyer, M. & Roberts, C. (2013). Language, Migration and Social Inequalities. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar

Dunmore, S. (2018). New Gaelic speakers, new Gaels? Ideologies and ethnolinguistic continuity in contemporary Scotland. In Smith-Christmas, C., ó Murchadha, N., Hornsby, M. & Moriarty, M., eds., New Speakers of Minority Languages: Linguistic Ideologies and Practices. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 23–44.Google Scholar

Frekko, S. E. (2009). ‘Normal’ in Catalonia: standard language, enregisterment and the imagination of a national public. Language in Society, 38(1), 71–93.Google Scholar

Gal, S. (2006). Minorities, migration and multilingualism: language ideologies in Europe. In Stevenson, P. & Mar-Molinero, C., eds., Language Ideologies, Practices and Policies: Language and the Future of Europe. London: Palgrave, pp. 13–27.Google Scholar

García, O. & Kleifgen, J. A. (2010). Educating Emergent Bilinguals: Policies, Programs and Practices for English Language Learners. New York: Teachers College Press.Google Scholar

Haugen, E. (1966). Dialect, language, nation. American Anthropologist, 68(4), 922–35.Google Scholar

Haugen, E. (1987). Language planning. In Ammon, U. et al., eds., Sociolinguistics, Vol. I, Berlin/New York: De Gruyter, pp. 626–37.Google Scholar

Heller, M. & Labrie, N., eds. (2003). Discours et identités: La Francité canadienne entre modernité et mondialisation. Fernelmont: Éditions Modulaires Européennes.Google Scholar

Hewitt, S. (1987). Réflexions et propositions sur l’orthographe du breton. La Bretagne Linguistique, 3, 41–54.Google Scholar

Hornsby, M. (2005). Néo-breton and questions of authenticity. Estudios de Sociolingu¨ı´stica, 6, 191–218.Google Scholar

Hornsby, M. (2015a). Revitalizing Minority Languages: New Speakers of Breton, Yiddish and Lemko. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Hornsby, M. (2015b). The ‘new’ and ‘traditional’ speaker dichotomy: bridging the gap. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 231(1), 107–25.Google Scholar

Hornsby, M. (2017). Finding an ideological niche for New Speakers in a minoritised language community. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 30(1), 1–14.Google Scholar

Hornsby, M. (2019). Positions and stances in the hierarchisation of Breton speakerhood. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 40, 392–403.Google Scholar

Hornsby, M. & Quentel, G. (2013). Contested varieties and competing authenticities: neologisms in revitalized Breton. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 223, 71–86.Google Scholar

Johnstone, B. (2009). Stance, style, and the linguistic individual. In Jaffe, A., ed., Stance: Sociolinguistic Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 29–71.Google Scholar

Jones, M. (1998). Language Obsolescence and Revitalization: Linguistic Change in Two Sociolinguistically Contrasting Welsh Communities. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar

King, J., Watson, C., Keegan, P. & Maclagan, M. (2009). Changing pronunciation in the Maori language: implications for revitalization. In Reyhner, J. & Lockard, L., eds., Indigenous Language Revitalization: Encouragement, Guidance & Lessons Learned. Flagstaff: Northern Arizona University, pp. 85–96.Google Scholar

Klingebiel, K. (2008). Review of Domergue Sumien (2006): La Standardisation pluricentrique de l’occitan. Nouvel enjeu sociolinguistique, développement du lexique et de la morphologie. Language Problems & Language Planning, 32(3), 293–6.Google Scholar

Klinkenberg, J.-M. (2001). La Langue et le citoyen. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.Google Scholar

Kramsch, C. (2009). The Multilingual Subject. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Kristiansen, T. & Coupland, N. (2011). SLICE: critical perspectives on language (de)standardisation. In Kristiansen, T. & Coupland, N., eds., Standard Languages and Language Standards in a Changing Europe, Oslo: Novus forlag, pp. 11–35.Google Scholar

Lane, P. (2015). Minority language standardisation and the role of users. Language Policy, 14(3), 263–83.Google Scholar

Le Dû, J. & Le Berre, Y. (1995). Le double jeu de la langue. In Eloy, J.-M., ed., La Qualité de la langue? Le Cas du franc¸ais. Paris: Champion, pp. 251–68.Google Scholar

Le Nevez, A. (2006). Language Diversity and Linguistic Identity in Brittany: A Critical Analysis of the Changing Practice of Breton. Doctoral thesis. University of Technology, Sydney.Google Scholar

Le Ruyet, J.-C. (2009). Komz, liamm ha norm. Studiadenn brezantet e stern ur c’horpuspeder reolenn-sanañ ewid brezhoneg ar skolioù (Parole, liaison et norme. Étude présentée dans le cadre d’un corpus de quatre règles de prononciation pour le breton des écoles). Doctoral thesis. Université de Haute Bretagne Rennes 2.Google Scholar

Lodge, R. A. (1993). French: From Dialect to Standard. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Mac Mathúna, L. (2008). Linguistic change and standardization. In Nic Pháidín, C. & ó Cearnaigh, S., eds., A New View of the Irish Language. Dublin: Cois Life, pp. 76–92.Google Scholar

Madeg, M. (2010). Traité de prononciation du breton du nord-ouest. Brest: Emgleo Breiz.Google Scholar

Maguire, G. (1991). Our Own Language: An Irish Initiative. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar

Márquez Reiter, R. & Martín Rojo, L. (2015). A Sociolinguistics of Diaspora: Latino Practices, Identities, and Ideologies. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Maunoir, J. (1659). Le Sacré-Colle`ge de Jésus [Breton catechism with dictionary, grammar and syntax]. Quimper: J. Hardouin.Google Scholar

McDonald, M. (1989). ‘We Are Not French!’ Language, Culture and Identity in Brittany. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Morris, J. (2013). Sociolinguistic Variation and Regional Minority Language Bilingualism: An Investigation of Welsh-English Bilinguals in North Wales. Doctoral thesis. University of Manchester.Google Scholar

Na Bráithre Críostaí (1960). Graiméar Gaeilge na mBra´ithre Crı´ostaı´. Dublin: An Gúm.Google Scholar

Nance, C. (2015). ‘New’ Scottish Gaelic speakers in Glasgow: a phonetic study of language revitalisation. Language in Society, 44(4), 553–79.Google Scholar

Nic Fhlannchadha, S. & Hickey, T. (2018). Minority language ownership and authority: perspectives of native speakers and New Speakers. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 21(1), 38–53.Google Scholar

ó Baoill, D. P. (1988). Language planning in Ireland: the standardization of Irish. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 70, 109–26.Google Scholar

ó Dochartaigh, C. (2000). Irish. In Price, G., ed., Languages in Britain and Ireland. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 6–36.Google Scholar

ó Dónaill, N. (1977). Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla. Dublin: An Gúm.Google Scholar

ó, Duibhir, P. (2018). Immersion Education: Lessons from a Minority Language Context. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. ó, Duibhir, P. & Garland, J. (2010). Gaeilge labhartha na bpa´istı´ i scoileanna la´n-Ghaeilge in éirinn [The spoken Irish of pupils in Irish-medium schools]. Armagh: SCoTENS.Google Scholar

ó hIfearnáin, T. (2008). Endangering language vitality through institutional development. In King, K. A., Schilling-Estes, N., Fogle, L., Lou, J. J. & Soukup, B., eds., Sustaining Linguistic Diversity: Endangered and Minority Languages and Language Varieties. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, pp. 113–28.Google Scholar

ó hIfearnáin, T. (2015a). Sociolinguistic vitality after language shift and without intergenerational transmission. Plenary paper presented at the Celtic Sociolinguistics Symposium, University College Dublin, Dublin.Google Scholar

ó hIfearnáin, T. (2015b). Sociolinguistic vitality of Manx after extreme language shift: authenticity without traditional native speakers. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 231(1), 45–62.Google Scholar

ó hIfearnáin, T. & ó Murchadha, N. (2011). The perception of Standard Irish as a prestige target variety. In Kristiansen, T. & Coupland, N., eds., Standard Languages in a Changing Europe. Oslo: Novus Press, pp. 97–104.Google Scholar

ó Murchadha, N. (2016). The efficacy of unitary and polynomic models of standardisation in minority language contexts: ideological, pragmatic and pedagogical issues in the standardisation of Irish. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 37(2), 199–215.Google Scholar

ó Murchadha, N. & Flynn, C. (2018). Language educators’ regard for variation in late modernity: perceptions of linguistic variation in minority contexts. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 22(3), 288–311.Google Scholar

ó Murchadha, N. & Migge, B. (2017). Support, transmission, education and target varieties in the Celtic languages: an overview. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 30(1), 1–12.Google Scholar

ó Murchadha, N. & ó hIfearnáin, T. (2018). Converging and diverging stances on target revival varieties in collateral languages: the ideologies of linguistic variation in Irish and Manx Gaelic. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 39(5), 458–69.Google Scholar

ó Murchadha, N., Hornsby, M., Smith-Christmas, C. & Moriarty, M. (2018). New Speakers, familiar concepts? In Smith-Christmas, C., ó Murchadha, N., Hornsby, M. & Moriarty, M., eds., New Speakers of Minority Languages: Linguistic Ideologies and Practices. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–22.Google Scholar

O’Rourke, B. (2018). Negotiating the standard in contemporary Galicia. In Costa, J., De Korne, H. & Lane, P., eds., Standardizing Minority Languages: Competing Ideologies of Authority and Authenticity in the Global Periphery. London: Routledge and Taylor, pp. 84–100.Google Scholar

O’Rourke, B. & Pujolar, J. (2013). From native speakers to ‘new speakers’ – problematizing nativeness in language revitalization contexts. Histoire, épistémologie, Langage, 35(2), 47–67.Google Scholar

O’Rourke, B. & Ramallo, F. (2013). Competing ideologies of linguistic authority amongst new speakers in contemporary Galicia. Language in Society, 42(3), 287–305.Google Scholar

O’Rourke, B. & Walsh, J. (2018). Introduction. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 39(5), 377–81.Google Scholar

O’Rourke, B., Pujolar, J. & Ramallo, F. (2015). New Speakers of minority languages: the challenging opportunity. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 231, 1–20.Google Scholar

Pentecouteau, H. (2002). Devenir bretonnant: Découvertes, apprentissages et (re)appropriations d’une langue. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes.Google Scholar

Piller, I. (2002). Passing for a native speaker: identity and success in second language learning. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 6(2), 179–206.Google Scholar

Quéré, A. (2000). Les Bretons et la langue bretonne, ce qu’ils en disent. Brest: Brud Nevez.Google Scholar

Rampton, B. (1990). Displacing the ‘native speaker’: expertise, affiliation, and inheritance. ELT Journal, 44(2), 97–101.Google Scholar

Rannóg an Aistriúcháin (1958). Gramadach na Gaeilge agus Litriu´ na Gaeilge: An Caighdean Oifigiu´il. Dublin: Stationery Office.Google Scholar

Robert, E. (2009). Accommodating ‘new’ speakers? An attitudinal investigation of L2 speakers of Welsh in south-east Wales. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 195, 93–116.Google Scholar