Dr. D is a primary healthcare worker in a large city in an East European country. He struggles to make ends meet for his family given his paltry income. Recently, Dr. D was approached by a multinational pharmaceutical company at his practice. He was told that for every prescription of the company's product for high blood pressure, he will receive an additional 5 dollars. Dr. D believes it is a pretty good medication but knows there are other equally effective, though much less expensive medications. He does not want to engage in unethical prescribing, but the monetary incentives offered to him make this a difficult choice.

Company E has a new drug that could considerably help to cure inflicted populations in Africa and elsewhere. However, this new product is priced well beyond the purchasing power of most persons in developing countries and would significantly drain already limited health budgets of developing country governments. The company argues that it needs to price the drug at a rate that will enable it to recoup its significant research and development costs. But people will die without access to it.