“Philanthropy” means “love of humanity”; it encompasses the “process of using capital to create change and includes both the act of philanthropy and the institutions that facilitate it.” While philanthropy harkens back to the Middle Ages, if not antiquity, periodically it takes great leaps forward, and evolves to a new level. We are currently witnessing such an evolution, with private giving at an all-time high and new ideas shaking up the status quo. Private assistance in the international realm has a long history, ranging from private individual donations when disaster strikes, to foundations that support non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and other entities on a systematic and ongoing basis. Philanthropies such as the Ford and Carnegie Foundations have been engaged in impoverished nations in the Global South for over a century.