Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-sh8wx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-16T14:15:54.278Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Part III - Dynamics of the Transition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2023

Jay S. Golden
Affiliation:
Syracuse University, New York
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Dynamic Sustainability
Implications for Policy, Markets and National Security
, pp. 139 - 198
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Klare, M. T., Levy, B. S., and Sidel, V. W. (2011). The Public Health Implications of Resource Wars. American Journal of Public Health, 101(9): 16151619. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300267.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Badkar, M. (2012). 9 Wars That Were Really about Commodities. Insider. August 15. www.businessinsider.com/nine-wars-that-were-fought-over-commodities–2012–8.Google Scholar
The National Interest (2019). The 1 Reason Imperial Japan Attacked Pearl Harbor: Oil. October 16. https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/1-reason-imperial-japan-attacked-pearl-harbor-oil–88771.Google Scholar
Klare, M. (2015). Fighting for Oil: 21st Century Energy Wars. Middle East Eye. February 12. www.middleeasteye.net/big-story/fighting-oil-21st-century-energy-wars.Google Scholar
Ross, M. (2002). Natural Resources and Civil War: An Overview with Some Policy Options. Conference on the Governance of Natural Resources. The World Bank and the Agence Francaise de Developpement, Paris, December 9–10.Google Scholar
Diaz, F. (2014). Drug Trafficking and the Columbian Conflict. Peace Insight. www.peaceinsight.org/en/articles/drug-trafficking-colombian-conflict/?location=colombia&theme=.Google Scholar
LeoGrande, W. M. and Sharpe, K. E. (2000). Two Wars or One? Drugs, Guerrillas, and Colombia’s New “Violencia.World Policy Journal, 17(3): 111. www.jstor.org/stable/40209699.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
BBC (2021). How Water Shortages Are Brewing Wars. August 16. www.bbc.com/future/article/20210816-how-water-shortages-are-brewing-wars.Google Scholar
United Nations (n.d.). The Drought Initiative. www.unccd.int/land-and-life/drought/drought-initiative.Google Scholar
Akpan, O. and Umoh, U. E. (2021). “Resource Curse” and “Resource Wars” and the Proliferation of Small Arms in Africa. In Tar, U. A. and Onwurah, C. P. (eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Small Arms and Conflicts in Africa. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62183-4_12.Google Scholar
World Economic Forum (2020). Water Wars: How Conflicts over Resources Are Set to Rise Amid Climate Change. www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/09/climate-change-impact-water-security-risk.Google Scholar
Sengupta, S. (2022). Climate Change Is Making Armed Conflict Worse. Here’s How. New York Times. March 18.Google Scholar
Forbes (2022). China and Russia Make Critical Mineral Grabs in Africa while the U.S. Snoozes. January 13. www.forbes.com/sites/arielcohen/2022/01/13/china-and-russia-make-critical-mineral-grabs-in-africa-while-the-us-snoozes/?sh=51be68d86dc4.Google Scholar
US Geological Survey (2022). U.S. Geological Survey Releases 2022 List of Critical Minerals. www.usgs.gov/news/national-news-release/us-geological-survey-releases-2022-list-critical-minerals.Google Scholar
International Energy Agency (2021). The Role of Critical Minerals in Clean Energy Transitions. Paris. www.iea.org/reports/the-role-of-critical-minerals-in-clean-energy-transitions.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Electric Vehicle Database (2022). Useable Battery Capacity of Full Electric Vehicles. https://ev-database.org/cheatsheet/useable-battery-capacity-electric-car.Google Scholar
Statista (2022). Estimated Global Lithium-Ion Battery Demand in Electric Vehicles (EVs) in 2019 with a Forecast for 2020 through 2030 by Region. www.statista.com/statistics/1103229/global-battery-demand-by-region-forecast.Google Scholar
Peterson Foundation (2022). The United States Spends More on Defense Than the Next 9 Countries combined. June 1. www.pgpf.org/blog/2022/06/the-united-states-spends-more-on-defense-than-the-next-9-countries-combined.Google Scholar
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (2022). World Military Expenditures Passes $2 Trillion for First Time. www.sipri.org/media/press-release/2022/world-military-expenditure-passes-2-trillion-first-time.Google Scholar
National Mining Association (2017). U.S. National Defense: Stronger with Minerals. https://nma.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/infographic_defense-01.pdf1.Google Scholar
US Army (2019). An Elemental Issue. September 26. www.army.mil/article/227715/an_elemental_issue.Google Scholar
Congressional Research Service (2019). Critical Minerals and U.S. Public Policy. R45810. June 28. https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R45810.Google Scholar
Federal Register (n.d.). Addressing the Threat to the Domestic Supply Chain From Reliance on Critical Minerals From Foreign Adversaries and Supporting the Domestic Mining and Processing Industries. www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/10/05/2020-22064/addressing-the-threat-to-the-domestic-supply-chain-from-reliance-on-critical-minerals-from-foreign.Google Scholar
Copper Development Association (2022). Copper in the USA: Bright Future Glorious Past. www.copper.org/education/history/us-history/g_fact_industry.php.Google Scholar
Mining.com (2022). Copper Supply in 2022 – Eyes on Chile, Peru, DRC. December 24. www.mining.com/top-copper-stories-of-2021-and-what-to-expect-in–2022.Google Scholar
NS Energy (2021). Profiling the World’s Top Five Copper Mining Countries in 2020. www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/top-five-copper-mining-countries.Google Scholar
S&P Global (2022). Looming Copper Supply Shortfalls Present a Challenge to Achieving Net-Zero 2050 Goals, S&P Global Study Finds. https://press.spglobal.com/2022-07-14-Looming-Copper-Supply-Shortfalls-Present-a-Challenge-to-Achieving-Net-Zero-2050-Goals,-S-P-Global-Study-Finds.Google Scholar
Atomic Heritage Foundation (2019). Einstein-Szilar Letter. www.atomicheritage.org/key-documents/einstein-szilard-letter.Google Scholar
Library of Congress (2020). Einstein’s Fateful Letter. August 13. https://blogs.loc.gov/law/2020/08/einsteins-fateful-letter.Google Scholar
Lipton, E. and Searcy, D. (2021). How the U.S. Lost Ground to China in the Contest for Clean Energy. New York Times. November 21. www.nytimes.com/2021/11/21/world/us-china-energy.html.Google Scholar
Michigan State University (2022). Congo’s Cobalt Controversy. Published as Global Business Knowledge. April 20. https://globaledge.msu.edu/blog/post/57136/congos-cobalt-controversy#:~:text=The%20DRC%20supplies%20about%2070and%20its%20domestic%20mining%20companies.Google Scholar
Mining Technology (2022). China’s CMOC Plans $1.8bn Investment in Congo Copper-Cobalt Mine. July 1. www.mining-technology.com/news/cmoc-congo-copper/#:~:text=Located%2033km%20south%2Dwest%20of,copper%20and%203.1Mt%20cobalt.Google Scholar
Bloomberg (2016). Freeport Said Offering Packages of Assets to Cut $20 Billion Debt. April 22. www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-04-22/freeport-said-offering-package-of-assets-to-cut-20-billion-debt.Google Scholar
Yeomans, J. and Harter, F. (2022). Who Owns the Earth? The Scramble Turns Critical. The Times. www.thetimes.co.uk/article/who-ownsthe-earth-the-scramble-for-minerals-turnscritical-jbglsgm02.Google Scholar
International Energy Agency (2021). The Role of Critical Minerals in Clean Energy Transitions. www.iea.org/reports/the-role-of-criticalminerals-in-clean-energy-transitions.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Energy Agency (2022). Shares for Cathodes and Anodes Correspond to IEA Estimates. Global Supply Chains of EV Batteries. www.iea.org/reports/global-supply-chains-of-evbatteries.Google Scholar
Ladislaw, S., Zindler, E., Nakano, J. et al. (2021). Industrial Policy, Trade, and Clean Energy Supply Chains. Center for Strategic and International Studies. www.csis.org/analysis/industrial-policy-trade-and-cleanenergy-supply-chains.Google Scholar
Pettitt, J. (2022). How the U.S. Fell Behind in Lithium, the “White Gold” of Electric Vehicles. CNBC. January 15. www.cnbc.com/2022/01/15/how-the-us-fell-way-behindin-lithium-white-gold-for-evs.html.Google Scholar
Castillo, R. and Purdy, C. (2022). China’s Role in Supplying Critical Minerals for the Global Energy Transition. What Could the Future Hold? LTRC and Brookings Institute. www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/LTRC_ChinaSupplyChain.pdf.Google Scholar
Britannica (2022). First Five-Year Plan. Chinese Economics. www.britannica.com/topic/First-Five-Year-Plan-Chinese-economics.Google Scholar
KraneShares (2013). China’s 12th Five Year Plan. F. Gang. https://kraneshares.com/resources/2013_10_kfyp_fan_gang_white_paper.pdf.Google Scholar
Europe China Research and Advice Network (2012). China, the EU and China’s Twelfth Five-Year Programme. Funded by the European Union. London.Google Scholar
China Daily (2013). President Xi Proposes Silk Road Economic Belt. www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2013xivisitcenterasia/2013-09/07/content_16951811.htm.Google Scholar
CSIS (2016). President Xi Jinping’s Belt and Road Initiative: A Practical Assessment of the Chinese Communist Party’s Roadmap for China’s Global Resurgence. C. Johnson for the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Washington, DC, March. www.csis.org/analysis/president-xi-jinpings-belt-and-road-initiative.Google Scholar
Insider (2019). The US Is Scrambling to Invest More in Asia to Counter China’s Belt and Road Mega-Project. Here’s What China’s Plan to Connect the World through Infrastructure Is Like. November 11. www.businessinsider.com/what-is-belt-and-road-china-infrastructure-project–2018–1.Google Scholar
Council on Foreign Relations (2021). China’s Belt and Road. Implications for the United States. Independent Task Force Report No. 79. Lew, J., G. Roughead chairs.Google Scholar
Malik, A., B. Parks, B. Russell et al. (2021). Banking on the Belt and Road: Insights from a New Global Dataset of 13,247 Chinese Development Projects. AIDDATA-A research lab at William and Mary College. September.Google Scholar
New York Times (2010). Amid Tension, China Blocks Vital Exports to Japan. September 22. www.nytimes.com/2010/09/23/business/global/23rare.html.Google Scholar
International Energy Agency (2019). Share of Processing Volume by Country for Selected Minerals. Paris. www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/share-of-processing-volume-by-country-for-selected-minerals–2019.Google Scholar
GIS (2022). How China’s Belt and Road Initiative Is Faring. April 8. www.gisreportsonline.com/r/belt-road-initiative.Google Scholar
The Economist (2022). The G7 at Last Presents an Alternative to China’s Belt and Road Initiative. July 7. www.economist.com/china/2022/07/07/the-g7-at-last-presents-an-alternative-to-chinas-belt-and-road-initiative.Google Scholar
Harvard International Review (2020). The Lithium Triangle: Where Chile, Argentina, and Bolivia Meet. https://hir.harvard.edu/lithium-triangle.Google Scholar
CSIS (2021). South America’s Lithium Triangle: Opportunities for the Biden Administration. August 17. Ryan Berg. www.csis.org/analysis/south-americas-lithium-triangle-opportunities-biden-administration.Google Scholar
Economist (2017). A Battle for Supremacy in the Lithium Triangle. June 15. www.economist.com/the-americas/2017/06/15/a-battle-for-supremacy-in-the-lithium-triangle.Google Scholar
US Army (2021). Regaining Arctic Dominance. Headquarters U.S. Army. January 19. Chief of Staff Paper #3. www.army.mil/e2/downloads/rv7/about/2021_army_arctic_strategy.pdf.Google Scholar
United States Geological Survey (2008). Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal: Estimates of Undiscovered Oil and Gas North of the Arctic Circle. Fact Sheet 2008–3049.Google Scholar
Geological Survey of Norway (2016). Mineral Resources in the Arctic. www.ngu.no/upload/Aktuelt/CircumArtic/Mineral_Resources_Arctic_Shortver_Eng.pdf.Google Scholar
High North News (2021). Chinese Company into Greenlandic Mining Project. February 9. www.highnorthnews.com/en/chinese-company-greenlandic-mining-project.Google Scholar
Arctic Council (2022). Arctic Council. The leading Intergovernmental Forum Promoting Cooperation in the Arctic. www.arctic-council.org/about.Google Scholar
New York Times (2013). Arctic Council Adds 6 Nations As Observer States, Including China. May 15.Google Scholar
合作才能避免失序 (Cooperation to Avoid Disaster), 中工网 (Zhonggongwang), May 12. http://world.workercn.cn/63/201405/12/140512054028106.shtml. (This piece was written by Tang Yongsheng, the executive deputy director of the National Defense University’s Strategic Research Institute.)Google Scholar
Brookings (2021). Northern Expedition: China’s Arctic Activities and Ambitions. April. www.brookings.edu/articles/northern-expedition-chinas-arctic-activities-and-ambitions.Google Scholar
Heritage Foundation (2021). U.S. Needs Icebreakers to Keep Up with China and Russia in Arctic. June 18. www.heritage.org/global-politics/commentary/us-needs-icebreakers-keep-china-and-russia-arctic.Google Scholar
Arctic Today (2022). The Newest US Icebreaker Now Has a Name but Construction Is Still Delayed. February 28. www.arctictoday.com/the-newest-us-icebreaker-now-has-a-name-but-construction-is-still-delayed.Google Scholar
CNN (2021). Satellite Images Show Huge Russian Military Buildup in the Arctic. April 5. www.cnn.com/2021/04/05/europe/russia-arctic-nato-military-intl-cmd/index.html.Google Scholar
International Energy Agency (2021). Minerals Used in Clean Energy Technologies Compared to Other Power Generation. Paris. www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/minerals-used-in-clean-energy-technologies-compared-to-other-power-generation-sources.Google Scholar
International Energy Agency (2021). The Role of Critical World Energy Outlook Special Report Minerals in Clean Energy Transitions. Paris. https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/24d5dfbb-a77a-4647-abcc-667867207f74/TheRoleofCriticalMineralsinCleanEnergyTransitions.pdf.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Air Force Magazine (2020). Rare Elements of Security. November 1.Google Scholar

References

Munis, K. and Saldin, R. (2022). The Democrats’ Rural Problem. Washington Monthly. July 28. https://washingtonmonthly.com/2022/07/28/the-democrats-rural-problem.Google Scholar
Edsall, T. B. (2022). Red and Blue America Will Never Be the Same. The New York Times. July 27. www.nytimes.com/2022/07/27/opinion/trump-red-blue-america.html.Google Scholar
Census (2017). One of Five Americans Live in Rural Areas. August 9. www.census.gov/library/stories/2017/08/rural-america.html.Google Scholar
US Department of Transportation (n.d.). Electric Vehicles and Rural Transportation. www.transportation.gov/rural/ev.Google Scholar
Wall Street Journal (2022). Biden Plan for EV Chargers on Highways Meets Skepticism in Rural West. June 13. www.wsj.com/articles/biden-plan-for-ev-chargers-on-highways-meets-skepticism-in-rural-west–11655112780.Google Scholar
Environmental and Energy Study Institute (2022). Rural Electric Cooperatives Take the Charge in Boosting Electric Vehicle Infrastructure. April 13. www.eesi.org/articles/view/rural-electric-cooperatives-take-the-lead-on-boosting-electric-vehicle-charging-infrastructure.Google Scholar
Alliance for Automotive Innovation (2022). Electric Vehicle Sales Dashboard. www.autosinnovate.org/resources/electric-vehicle-sales-dashboard.Google Scholar
US Department of Transportation (2022). President Biden’s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law Provides $5B in NEVI Formula Funding to Help States Install EV Chargers Along Interstate Highways Additional EV Charging Funding to Come. https://highways.dot.gov/newsroom/biden-harris-administration-announces-approval-first-35-state-plans-build-out-ev-charging.Google Scholar
New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (2022). Drive Clean Rebate for Plug-In Electric Vehicles. www.nyserda.ny.gov/Drive-Clean-Rebate.Google Scholar
Congress.gov (2022). H.R.5376 – Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/5376.Google Scholar
Bureau of Economic Statistics (2015). Counties with the Highest Employment in the Oil and Gas Extraction. TED. Economics Daily. January 9. www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2015/counties-with-highest-concentration-of-employment-in-oil-and-gas-extraction-june-2014.htm.Google Scholar
Investopia (2022). Top 6 Oil-Producing States. August 1. www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0511/top-6-oil-producing-states.aspx.Google Scholar
United States Department of Agriculture (2021). Corn Is America’s Largest Crop in 2019. July 29. www.usda.gov/media/blog/2019/07/29/corn-americas-largest-crop–2019.Google Scholar
United States Department of Agriculture (2020). Crop Production 2019 Summary. www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/Todays_Reports/reports/cropan20.pdf.Google Scholar
Agamerica (2020). Ethanol Market Is Disturbing to American Farmers. And Now There’s Covid-19. March 30. www.agriculture.com/news/business/ethanol-market-is-disturbing-as-hell-to-american-farmers-and-now-there-s-covid-19.Google Scholar
Moschini, G., Lapan, H., and Kim, H. (2017). The Renewable Fuel Standard in Competitive Equilibrium: Market and Welfare Effects. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 99: 11171142. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aax041.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renewable Fuels Association (2020). Why Is Ethanol Important? Renewable Fuels Association (blog). https://ethanolrfa.org/consumers/why-is-ethanol-important.Google Scholar
International Council on Clean Transportation (2021). The Impact of the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard on Food and Feed Prices. https://theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/RFS-and-feed-prices-jan2021.pdf.Google Scholar
Pew Center (2022). Americans Support Incentives for Electric Vehicles but Are Divided over Buying One Themselves. www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2022/08/01/americans-support-incentives-for-electric-vehicles-but-are-divided-over-buying-one-themselves.Google Scholar
United States Department of Agriculture (2022). Partnership for Climate-Smart Commodities. www.usda.gov/climate-solutions/climate-smart-commodities.Google Scholar
Federal Register (2020). Biorefinery, Renewable Chemical, and Biobased Product Manufacturing Assistance Program. www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/05/18/2020-08078/biorefinery-renewable-chemical-and-biobased-product-manufacturing-assistance-program.Google Scholar
US Department of Transportation (2022). U.S. Oil and Gas Pipeline Mileage. www.bts.gov/content/us-oil-and-gas-pipeline-mileage.Google Scholar
US Environmental Protection Agency (2017). Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration: Overview. https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climatechange/carbon-dioxide-capture-and-sequestration-overview_.html.Google Scholar
Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (2012). EPA Greenhouse Gas Reporting Data-Subpart PP-Suppliers of Carbon Dioxide. Based on 2011 data. www.epa.gov/ghgreporting/subpart-pp-suppliers-carbon-dioxide.Google Scholar
Beck, L. (2020). Carbon Capture and Storage in the USA: The Role of US Innovation Leadership in Climate-Technology Commercialization. Clean Energy, 4(1): 2–11. https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkz031.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
United States Department of Agriculture (2020). Crop Production 2019 Summary. www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/Todays_Reports/reports/cropan20.pdf.Google Scholar

References

CBS News (2014). The Modern American Convenience Store Turns 50. Jonathan Berr. June 10. www.cbsnews.com/news/the-american-convenience-store-turns–50.Google Scholar
The Hustle (2021). The Economics of Gas Stations. https://thehustle.co/the-economics-of-gas-stations.Google Scholar
National Association of Convenience Stores (2022). The History for Fuel Retailing. www.convenience.org/Topics/Fuels/The-History-of-Fuels-Retailing.Google Scholar
Greenberg, A. and Golden, J. S. (2022). The EV Transition: Implications for the US Gas Station and Convenience Store Industry. The Dynamic Sustainability Lab. Bulletin No. 20220303. www.dynamicslab.org.Google Scholar
State of California (2021). Budget Summary – Revenue Estimates. www.ebudget.ca.gov/2021–22/pdf/BudgetSummary/RevenueEstimates.pdf.Google Scholar
CNN (2021). Why Electric Cars Are So Much Heavier Than Regular Cars. June 7. www.cnn.com/2021/06/07/business/electric-vehicles-weight/index.html.Google Scholar
Chinowsky, P., Price, J., and Neumann, J. (2013). Assessment of Climate Change Adaptation Costs for the U.S. Road Network. Global Environmental Change, 23(4): 09593780.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
US Environmental Protection Agency (2022). Cleaning Up Underground Storage Tank (UST) Releases. www.epa.gov/ust/cleaning-underground-storage-tank-ust-releases.Google Scholar
US Environmental Protection Agency (2022). State Financial Assurance Funds. www.epa.gov/ust/state-financial-assurance-funds.Google Scholar
The Lot (2022). Financial Information. www.rilot.com/en-us/financials.html.Google Scholar
The Lot (2022). The Rhode Island Lottery Made $301.8 Million for Fiscal Year 2021. www.rilot.com/en-us/about-us/lottery-description.html.Google Scholar
Edmunds (2019). Where Does the Car Dealer Make Money? Mostly From Service, Not from Car Sales. www.edmunds.com/car-buying/where-does-the-car-dealer-make-money.html.Google Scholar
Consumer Reports (2020). Pay Less for Vehicle Maintenance with an EV. www.consumerreports.org/car-repair-maintenance/pay-less-for-vehicle-maintenance-with-an-ev.Google Scholar
Salesandusetax.com (2018). New York Utility Tax Exemption Opportunities. www.consumerreports.org/car-repair-maintenance/pay-less-for-vehicle-maintenance-with-an-ev.Google Scholar
OreGO (2022). Sign Up for OreGO. www.myorego.org/get-started.Google Scholar
Utah Department of Transportation (2022). Welcome to Utah’s Road Usage Charge Program. https://roadusagecharge.utah.gov/#:~:text=How%20does%20Utah’s%20Road%20Usage,of%20the%20set%20flat%20fee.Google Scholar

References

International Energy Agency (2019). World Energy Outlook 2019. www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2019.Google Scholar
White House (2021). Fact Sheet: Biden Administration Jumpstarts Offshore Wind Energy Projects to Create Jobs. Issued on March 29. www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/03/29/fact-sheet-biden-administration-jumpstarts-offshore-wind-energy-projects-to-create-jobs.Google Scholar
US Energy Information Agency (2022). Coal Will Account for 85% of U.S. Electric Generating Capacity Retirements in 2022. January 11. www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=50838#:~:text=The%20majority%20of%20the%20scheduled,to%204.6%20GW%20in%202021.Google Scholar
US Department of Energy (2022). How Wind Energy Can Help Us Breathe Easier. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. August 16. www.energy.gov/eere/wind/articles/how-wind-energy-can-help-us-breathe-easier#:~:text=In%20general%2C%20lifecycle%20greenhouse%20gas,2%2FkWh%20for%20natural%20gas.Google Scholar
US Energy Information Agency (2022). Annual Energy Outlook 2022. March 3. www.eia.gov/outlooks/aeo.Google Scholar
Global Fleet (2022). Electric Vehicles Expected to Comprise 31% of the Global Fleet by 2050. January 21. https://tinyurl.com/54385n6f.Google Scholar
Reuters (2022). The Long Road to Electric Cars. https://graphics.reuters.com/AUTOS-ELECTRIC/USA/mopanyqxwva.Google Scholar
Dynamic Sustainability Lab (2022). Lithium Battery Manufacturing and the EV Transition. Bulletin No. 20220406. www.dynamicslab.org.Google Scholar
US Department of Energy (2022). Offshore Wind Market Report: 2022 Edition. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.Google Scholar
Wind Europe (2022). Europe Puts Fast Permitting of Renewables at the Heart of Its Energy Security Plan. https://windeurope.org/newsroom/press-releases/europe-puts-fast-permitting-of-renewables-at-the-heart-of-its-energy-security-plan.Google Scholar
Reuters (2022). EU to Set Out One-Year Permitting Rule for Renewables; Biden Directs Staff to Speed Up Approvals. November 2. www.reutersevents.com/renewables/wind/eu-set-out-one-year-permitting-rule-renewables-biden-directs-staff-speed-approvals.Google Scholar
New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (2022). Permitting and Approvals. www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs U.S. DOE (2022). Offshore Wind Market Report: 2022 Edition. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy./Offshore-Wind/Focus-Areas/Permitting.Google Scholar
US Department of Energy (2022). Offshore Wind Energy Strategies. Regional and National Strategies to Accelerate and Maximize the Effectiveness, Reliability, and Sustainability of U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Deployment and Operation. January. www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/offshore-wind-energy-strategies-report-january-2022.pdf.Google Scholar
CleanPower.org (2022). BOEM’s NEPA Screening Criteria for Offshore Wind Projects Are a Big Step Toward Permitting Certainty. July 19. https://cleanpower.org/blog/boems-nepa-screening-criteria-for-offshore-wind-projects-are-a-big-step-toward-permitting-certainty.Google Scholar
Wincehell, M. (2019). The Electric War: Edison, Tesla, Westinghouse, the Race to Light the World. New York: Henry Holt and Company.Google Scholar
Reuters (2011). HVDC vs. HVAC cables for Offshore Wind. July 22. www.reutersevents.com/renewables/wind-energy-update/hvdc-vs-hvac-cables-offshore-wind.Google Scholar
Scientific American (2020). U.S. Offshore Wind Needs to Clear a Key Hurdle: Connecting to the Grid. August 3. www.scientificamerican.com/article/u-s-offshore-wind-needs-to-clear-a-key-hurdle-connecting-to-the-grid.Google Scholar
Shields, M., R. Marsh, J. Stefek et al. (2022). The Demand for a Domestic Offshore Wind Energy Supply Chain. NREL. NREL/TP–5000–81602.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Energy Global (2022). Nexans to Supply Orsted and Eversource’s Offshore Wind Project. September 26. www.energyglobal.com/wind/26092022/nexans-to-supply-rsted-and-eversources-offshore-wind-project.Google Scholar
Nexans (2022). Nexans Charleston, a World Class Facility Uniquely Positioned to Serve the Rapidly Expanding U.S. Offshore Wind Market. November 9. www.nexans.com/en/newsroom/news/details/2021/11/2021-11-09-pr-nexans-charleston-world-class-facility-positioned-to-serve-rapidly-expanding-us-offshore-wind-market.html.Google Scholar
Prisimian Group (2022). Prysmian Group: New Submarine Cable Plant in the USA. February 17. Press Release. www.prysmiangroup.com/en/media/press-releases/prysmian-group-new-submarine-cable-plant-in-the-usa.Google Scholar
New York Times (2021). Offshore Wind Farms Show What Biden’s Climate Plan Is Up Against. June 7. www.nytimes.com/2021/06/07/business/energy-environment/offshore-wind-biden-climate-change.html.Google Scholar
Canada Visa (2022). About Nova Scotia. www.canadavisa.com/about-nova-scotia.html.Google Scholar
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (2022). Queued Up: Characteristics of Power Plants Seeking Transmission Interconnection As of the End of 2021. https://emp.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/queued_up_2021_04-13-2022.pdf.Google Scholar
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (2020). Reliability Primer. www.ferc.gov/sites/default/files/2020-04/reliability-primer_1.pdf.Google Scholar
World Nuclear News (2018). Closure Date of Oyster Creek Brought Forward. February 2. www.world-nuclear-news.org/C-Closure-date-of-Oyster-Creek-brought-forward-0202185.html.Google Scholar
US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (2022). Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station. www.nrc.gov/info-finder/reactors/oc.html.Google Scholar
AP News (2022). NJ Offshore Wind to Connect at 2 Former Power Plants Onshore. April 13. https://apnews.com/article/oceans-atlantic-city-new-jersey-1e9d84449b790ffba650f927ce9d4dee.Google Scholar
Energy Central (2022). Ocean City Fights Offshore Wind Cable Planned to Run under Beach, through Town. https://energycentral.com/news/ocean-city-fights-offshore-wind-cable-planned-run-under-beach-through-town.Google Scholar
Mayflower Wind (2022). About Us. https://mayflowerwind.com/about-us.Google Scholar
Massachusetts Clean Energy Center (2022). Brayton Point Power Plant Site. www.masscec.com/resources/brayton-point-power-plant-site.Google Scholar
Beacon Wind (2022). About the Project. www.beaconwind.com/about/project.Google Scholar
QNS.com (2022). State Approves Battery Storage Project at Astoria Generating Station. June 27. https://qns.com/2022/06/state-battery-storage-astoria-generating-station.Google Scholar
State of New York (2022). Verified Joint Petition for Declaratory Ruling or Approval under Section 70 of the Public Service Law. September 15.Google Scholar
Energy.gov (2022). Energy Infrastructure Reinvestment. www.energy.gov/lpo/energy-infrastructure-reinvestment.Google Scholar
Tesla (2010). Tesla Gets Loan Approval from US Department of Energy. April 20. www.tesla.com/blog/tesla-gets-loan-approval-us-department-energy.Google Scholar
Congresswoman Eshoo (2013). Tesla Motors Fully Repays $465 Million Federal Loan Nine Years Early. Forwarded from Mercury News. May 23. https://eshoo.house.gov/media/in-the-news/mercury-news-tesla-motors-fully-repays-465-million-federal-loan-nine-years-early.Google Scholar
Pacific 12 (2021). Pac 12, ACC and Big 10 Announce Historic Alliance. https://pac-12.com/article/2021/08/24/pac-12-acc-and-big-ten-announce-historic-alliance–0.Google Scholar
Bleacher Report (2022). SC, UCLA Announce Move to Big Ten from Pac-12 Beginning in 2024. https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10040548-usc-ucla-announce-move-to-big-ten-from-pac-12-beginning-in–2024.Google Scholar
The White House (2022). Fact Sheet: Biden Administration Launches New Federal-State Offshore Wind Partnership to Grow American-Made Clean Energy. www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/06/23/fact-sheet-biden-administration-launches-new-federal-state-offshore-wind-partnership-to-grow-american-made-clean-energy.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×