So David Matthews and Gordon McMullan, in the introduction to their Reading the Medieval in Early Modern England, set forth what has become a key issue in discussions of early modern historical writing and antiquarianism in England—the degree to which medieval studies exists as a product of early modern ideological and, particularly, nationalistic goals. The very act of separating ‘medieval’ and ‘early modern’ (or, especially, ‘Renaissance’) is agreeing to the terms of use laid down by sixteenth century scholars, as James Simpson argues in the same volume: ‘when we draw lines sharply between periods whole unto themselves, wherever we draw the line, we are already falling victim to the logic of the revolutionary moment’ of Reformation historiography. Because we have allowed this divide to shape our work, and even our institutional structures, ‘the study of the seventh to the fifteenth centuries is every bit as much a study of the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries.’