Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-68ccn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-12T10:22:58.433Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

7 - Three types of model for determining the content of the constitutional value of human dignity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2015

Aharon Barak
Affiliation:
Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya
Get access

Summary

Theological models, philosophical models and constitutional models

The key question before us is: what is the content of human dignity as a constitutional value? What is the normative message that emanates from this constitutional value? The long intellectual history of the social value of human dignity serves as a rich source from which we can draw two important models for understanding the constitutional value of human dignity. One model is the theological model. The other model is the philosophical model. In my opinion, these two models cannot provide a satisfactory basis for human dignity as a modern constitutional value. I would like to propose a third, distinct model, based upon a constitutional approach to human dignity.

The approach of each of the three models is different from that of the others. However, at times there is no great difference in the results to which each of the three models leads. We have before us a Rawlsian phenomenon of “overlapping consensus.”

Theological models

The theological models incorporate various – and at times opposing – views of theologians dealing with human dignity. Common to all of them is the desire to grant the constitutional value of human dignity the meaning assigned to human dignity in the framework of religion. Every religion has its own way of viewing human dignity. Our focus here is upon Judaism and Christianity.

Type
Chapter
Information
Human Dignity
The Constitutional Value and the Constitutional Right
, pp. 114 - 136
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Sensen, Oliver, ‘Human Dignity in Historical Perspective: The Contemporary and Traditional Paradigms’ (2011) 10 European Journal of Political Theory71CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rawls, John, Political Liberalism (New York: Columbia University Press, 2005) 144Google Scholar
Ackermann, Laurie, Human Dignity: Lodestar for Equality in South Africa (Cape Town: Juta, 2012) 31Google Scholar
Collste, Göran, Is Human Life Special? Religious and Philosophical Perspectives on the Principle of Human Dignity (Berlin: Peter Lang, 2002)Google Scholar
Perry, Michael J., Toward a Theory of Human Rights: Religion, Law, Courts (Cambridge University Press, 2007)Google Scholar
Runzo, Joseph, Martin, Nancy and Sharma, Arvind (eds.), Human Rights and Responsibilities in the World Religions (Oxford: Oneworld, 2003)
Soulen, R. Kendall and Woodhead, Linda (eds.), God and Human Dignity (Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2006)
Spiegelberg, Herbert, ‘Human Dignity: A Challenge To Contemporary Philosophy’, in Gotesky, Rubin and Laszlo, Ervin (eds.), Human Dignity: This Century and the Next (New York: Gordon and Breach, 1970) 39Google Scholar
Blackstone, William T., ‘Human Rights and Human Dignity’ (1971) 9 Philosophy Forum3Google Scholar
Munster, Ralf F., ‘A Critique of Blackstone’s Human Rights and Human Dignity’ (1971) 9 Philosophy Forum65Google Scholar
Dworkin, Ronald, Justice for Hedgehogs (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011)Google Scholar
Margalit, Avishai, The Decent Society (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996)Google Scholar
Statman, Daniel, ‘Two Concepts of Dignity’ (2001) 24 Tel Aviv University Law Review541 (Heb.)Google Scholar
Statman, Daniel, ‘Humiliation, Dignity, and Self Respect’, in Kretzmer, David and Klein, Eckart (eds.), The Concept of Human Dignity in Human Rights Discourse (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2002) 209Google Scholar
Neuhäuser, Christian, ‘Humiliation: The Collective Dimension’, in Kaufmann, Paulus, Kuch, Hannes, Neuhäuser, Christian and Webster, Elaine (eds.), Humiliation, Degradation, Dehumanization: Human Dignity Violated (Dordrecht: Springer, 2010)Google Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha C., Hiding from Humanity: Disgust, Shame, and the Law (Princeton University Press, 2004) 230Google Scholar
Dupré, Catherine, ‘Dignity, Democracy, Civilisation’ (2012) 33 Liverpool Law Review263CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clapham, Andrew, Human Rights Obligations of Non-state Actors (Oxford University Press, 2006) 535CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Möllers, Christoph, ‘Democracy and Human Dignity: Limits of a Moralized Conception of Rights in German Constitutional Law’ (2009) 42 Israel Law Review416CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baer, Susanne, ‘Dignity, Liberty, Equality: A Fundamental Rights Triangle of Constitutionalism’ (2009) 59 University of Toronto Law Journal417CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Möller, Kai, The Global Model of Constitutional Rights (Oxford University Press, 2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zucca, Lorenzo, Constitutional Dilemmas: Conflicts of Fundamental Legal Rights in Europe and the USA (Oxford University Press, 2007)Google Scholar
Mahlmann, Matthias, Elemente einer ethischen Grundrechtstheorie (Berlin: Nomos, 2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dupré, Catherine, ‘Unlocking Human Dignity: Towards a Theory for the 21st Century’ (2009) 2 European Human Rights Law Review190Google Scholar
Brandes, Tamar Hostovsky, ‘Human Dignity as a Central Pillar in Constitutional Rights Jurisprudence in Israel: Definitions and Parameters’, in Sapir, Gideon, Barak-Erez, Daphne & Barak, Aharon (eds.), Israeli Constitutional Law in the Making (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2013) 267Google Scholar
Henkin, Louis, Human Dignity and Human Rights (Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1995) 59Google Scholar
Eberle, Edward J., Dignity and Liberty: Constitutional Visions in Germany and the United States (Santa Barbara: Praeger, 2002), 59Google Scholar
Schachter, Oscar, ‘Human Dignity as a Normative Concept’ (1983) 77 American Journal of International Law848CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahlmann, Matthias, ‘The Basic Law at 60 – Human Dignity and the Culture of Republicanism’ (2010) 11 German Law Journal9Google Scholar
Dupré, Catherine, ‘Human Dignity in Europe: A Foundational Constitutional Principle’ (2013) 19 European Public Law319Google Scholar
Dupré, Catherine, ‘Human Dignity and the Withdrawal of Medical Treatment: A Missed Opportunity?’ (2006) 6 European Human Rights Law Review678Google Scholar
Daly, Erin, Dignity Rights: Courts, Constitutions, and the Worth of the Human Person (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012)Google Scholar
Foster, Charles, Human Dignity in Bioethics and Law (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2011) 6Google Scholar
Waldron, Jeremy, Dignity, Rank, and Rights, ed. by Meir Dan-Cohen (Oxford University Press, 2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waldron, Jeremy, ‘How Law Protects Dignity’ (2012) 71 Cambridge Law Journal200CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raz, Joseph, The Morality of Freedom (Oxford University Press, 1986) 166Google Scholar
O’Mahony, Conor, ‘There is No Such Thing as a Right to Dignity’ (2012) 10 International Journal of Constitutional Law551CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Mahony, Conor, ‘There Is No Such Thing as a Right to Dignity: A Rejoinder to Emily Kidd White’ (2012) 10 International Journal of Constitutional Law585CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eide, Asbjørn, ‘Realization of Social and Economic Rights and the Minimum Threshold Approach’ (1989) 10 Human Rights Law Journal36Google Scholar
Fredman, Sandra, Human Rights Transformed: Positive Rights and Positive Duties (Oxford University Press, 2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gauri, Varum and Brinks, Daniel E. (eds.), Courting Social Rights: Judicial Enforcement of Social and Economic Rights in the Developing World (Cambridge University Press, 2008)CrossRef
Koch, Ida Elisabeth, Human Rights as Indivisible Rights: The Protection of Socio-Economic Demands under the European Convention on Human Rights (Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff, 2009) 14Google Scholar
Ashford, Elizabeth, ‘The Alleged Dichotomy Between Positive and Negative Rights and Duties’, in Beitz, Charles R. and Goodin, Robert E. (eds.), Global Basic Rights (Oxford University Press, 2009) 92Google Scholar
Langford, Malcolm, ‘Domestic Adjudication and Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: A Socio-Legal Review’ (2009) 6 Sur International Journal of Human Rights91Google Scholar
Law, David S. and Versteeg, Mila, ‘The Evolution and Ideology of Global Constitutionalism’ (2011) 99 California Law Review1163Google Scholar
Weinrib, Lorraine E., ‘Human Dignity as a Rights-Protecting Principle’ (2004) 17 National Journal of Constitutional Law325Google Scholar
Möller, Kai, ‘On Treating Persons as Ends: The German Aviation Security Act, Human Dignity, and the German Federal Constitutional Court’ (Autumn 2006) Public Law457Google Scholar
Häberle, Peter, Europäische Verfassungslehre, 6th edition (Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2009)Google Scholar
Dreier, Horst, GG Grundgesetz Kommentar (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2006),Google Scholar
Beyleveld, Deryck and Brownsword, Roger, Human Dignity in Bioethics and Biolaw (Oxford University Press, 2001)Google Scholar
Kass, Leon R., Life, Liberty and the Defense of Dignity: The Challenge for Bioethics (New York: Encounter Books, 2002)Google Scholar
Vöneky, Silja and Wolfrum, Rüdiger (eds.), Human Dignity and Human Cloning: An Ethical Inquiry (Leiden: Brill, 2004)CrossRef
Human Dignity and Bioethics: Essays Commissioned by the President’s Council on Bioethics (Washington DC: President’s Council on Bioethics, 2008)
Brownsword, Roger, Rights, Regulation and the Technological Revolution (Oxford University Press, 2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nwabueze, Remigius N., Legal and Ethical Regulation of Biomedical Research in Developing Countries (Farnham: Ashgate, 2013)Google Scholar
Mahlmann, Matthias, ‘Human Dignity and Autonomy in Modern Constitutional Orders’, in Rosenfeld, Michael and Sajo, Andras (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Constitutional Law (Oxford University Press, 2012) 372Google Scholar
Ripstein, Arthur, Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009) 30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beyleveld, Deryck and Brownsword, Roger, ‘Human Dignity, Human Rights, and Human Genetics’ (1998) 61 Modern Law Review661CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brownsword, Roger, ‘Freedom of Contract, Human Rights and Human Dignity’, in Friedmann, Daniel and Barak- Erez, Daphne (eds.), Human Rights in Private Law (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2001) 181Google Scholar
Brownsword, Roger, ‘An Interest in Human Dignity as the Basis for Genomic Torts’ (2003) 42 Washburn Law Journal413Google ScholarPubMed
Brownsword, Roger, ‘Bioethics Today, Bioethics Tomorrow: Stem Cell Research and the “Dignitarian Alliance”’ (2003) 17 Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics and Public Policy15Google ScholarPubMed
Barak, Aharon, Proportionality: Constitutional Rights and their Limitations, Doron Kalir trans. (Cambridge University Press, 2012) 72CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zucca, Lorenzo, A Secular Europe: Law and Religion in the European Constitutional Landscape (Oxford University Press, 2012) 48CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×