REMAINS OF THE CITY.

The founders of Novum Ilium built their city both to the east and to the south of Hissarlik, and used this hill as their Acropolis and the seat of their sanctuaries. They did so probably for three reasons: first, because they were conscious of the fact, that here had once stood the sanctuary of Athené as well as the houses of Troy's last king and his sons, and that here the fate of sacred Ilios had been decided, and therefore a religious reverence deterred them from giving up the place to profane use; secondly, because Hissarlik had strong natural defences, and was admirably situated for an Acropolis; and, in the third place, because the new settlers were too numerous to build their town on so small a space. This explains the thinness of the Greek stratum of débris on Hissarlik, the scarcity of objects of human industry, even of fragments of pottery, and the abundance of terra-cotta figurines and round pieces of terra-cotta, in the form of watches, with two perforations, which here replace the prehistoric whorls, and seem, along with the figurines, to have served as votive offerings. In commemoration of the Acropolis of old, erroneously attributed to Ilium by Homer, and probably believed by the new settlers to have occupied this identical hill, Hissarlik was thenceforth called Pergamus, or Priam's Pergamon, as Herodotus names it.