In strong contrast to the endless controversies over the resistance contribution to post-war domestic politics – restoration or renewal – is the apparent consensus over its contribution to international politics. According to this consensus, European integration is the most enduring ideological heritage that can be credited to the resistance movements. United in their revolt against war, oppression and nationalism, these movements were very early protagonists in the global conflict, in total unanimity after the defeat of Nazism, on the need to build a new Europe based on co-operation between the peoples that had suffered so cruelly in this internecine struggle. The plans elaborated during the war by the underground movement were gradually implemented after the war, and gave birth to the Treaties of Rome and Maastricht. This consensus was of course primarily promoted by pro-European militants, for whom the resistance heroes were a very convenient, noble and consensual set of founding fathers. After all, any new nation-building requires some sort of historical legitimisation, and in this respect European federalists are no different from pan-Hellenic enthusiasts 2,500 years earlier, from the heralds of the nineteenth-century nation-states or the apologists of the colonial order.