Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-dwq4g Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-29T16:24:21.111Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bibliography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2019

Reem Wael
Affiliation:
HarassMap, Egypt, Africa
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Negotiating the Power of NGOs
Women's Legal Rights in South Africa
, pp. 285 - 330
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Primary Sources

African Commission on Human and People’s Rights, Concluding Observations and Recommendations on the Combined Second Periodic Report under the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights and Initial Report under the Protocol to the African Changer on the Rights of Women in Africa (Adopted by the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights at its 20th Extra-Ordinary Session held from 9 to 18 June 2016, Banjul)Google Scholar
African National Congress, Freedom Charter (Adopted at the Congress of the People at Kliptown, 26 June 1955)Google Scholar
African National Congress, Women’s Charter (Adopted in Johannesburg, 17 April 1954)Google Scholar
Briefing by Commission for Gender Equality to the Women in the Presidency Committee on CEDAW and Beijing +20 report to UN by South Africa: 3 March 2015, accessed 20 July 2018 at https://pmg.org.za/committee-meeting/20098/Google Scholar
Combined Second Periodic Report under the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights and Initial Report under the Protocol to the African Changer on the Rights of Women in Africa, South Africa (August 2015), accessed 20 July 2018 at http://www.achpr.org/files/sessions/58th/state-reports/2nd-2002-2015/staterep2_southafrica_2003_2014_eng.pdfGoogle Scholar
Commission for Gender Equality (CGE), Lack of gender transformation in the judiciary, investigative report, Complaint Ref No: WC/DRGU and Sonke/2012/KL (2016) http://pmg-assets.s3-website-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/docs/080311nhtl.htmGoogle Scholar
Invitation for public comments, draft regulations relating to sexual offences courts: criminal law (sexual offences and related matters) amendment Act, 2007 (Act No. 32 of 2007), General Notice, (Department of Justice and Constitutional Development, 2017), accessed 20 July 2018 at https://juta.co.za/media/filestore/2015/10/Draft_Regulations_relating_to_Sexual_Offences_Courts_2015.pdfGoogle Scholar
Justice and Constitutional Development Portfolio Committee, Meeting Report, 18 May 2007, Criminal Law (Sexual Offences) Amendment Bill: Adoption of Report, Chairperson, Ms F Chohan-KhotaGoogle Scholar
Legal Aid Guide, 12th edition (South Africa Legal Aid Board, 2012)Google Scholar
Ministerial Advisory Task Team on the Adjudication of Sexual Offence Matters, Report on the Re-establishment of Sexual Offences Courts (Department of Justice and Constitutional Development, August 2013)Google Scholar
National House of Traditional Leaders, Budget Review Report 2007–2008, accessed 20 July 2018 at http://pmg-assets.s3-website-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/docs/080311nhtl.htmGoogle Scholar
Rules of the Constitutional Court, 460 Regulation Gazette (Department of Justice and Constitutional Development, 31 October 2003)Google Scholar
SAPS compliance to the Domestic Violence Act, report submitted to the Parliament of the Republic of South Africa, 3 November 2014, accessed 25 June 2018 at http://pmg-assets.s3-website-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/141105research_unit_dva_compliance.pdfGoogle Scholar
Shadow Report on the South Africa State Report on the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights and the Maputo Protocol by a Coalition of South African NGOs, 31 March 2016 (58th Ordinary Session of the ACHPR)Google Scholar
South African Law Commission, Harmonisation of the Common Law and the Indigenous Law: (Issue Paper 4 1999)Google Scholar
South African Law Commission, Harmonisation of the Common Law and the Indigenous Law: The Application of Customary law: Conflict of personal LawsGoogle Scholar
South African Law Commission, Harmonisation of the Common Law and Indigenous Law: Traditional Courts and the Judicial Function of Traditional Leaders (Discussion Paper 82, 1999)Google Scholar
South African Law Commission, Sexual Offences: The Substantive Law (Discussion Paper 85, 1999)Google Scholar
South African Law Reform Commission, Project 107 on Sexual Offences: Adult Prostitution (2017)Google Scholar

Secondary Sources

Access to justice for children, Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (16 December 2013) A/HRC/25/35Google Scholar
CEDAW Committee, General Recommendation No 12 on Violence Against Women (1989) UN Doc A/44/38Google Scholar
CEDAW Committee, General Recommendation No 19 on Violence Against Women, (1992), UN Doc A/47/38Google Scholar
CEDAW Committee, General Recommendation No 23 on Political and Public Life (1997), UN Doc A/52/38Google Scholar
CEDAW Committee, General Recommendation No 25 on Article 4 paragraph 1 on temporary special measures (2004), UN Doc A/59/38Google Scholar
CEDAW Committee, General Recommendation No 27 on older women and protection of their human rights (2010), UN Doc C/GC/27Google Scholar
CEDAW Committee, General Recommendation No 28 on the core obligations of States parties under article 2 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, UN Doc C/GC/28 2010Google Scholar
CEDAW Committee, Concluding Observations of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (5 April 2011) C/ZAF/CO/4Google Scholar
CEDAW Committee, General Statement on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women on Rural Women (Adopted on 19 October 2011 during the 50th session)Google Scholar
Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, General Comment 3 on the Nature of States Parties’ Obligations (1990) UN Doc E/1991/23Google Scholar
Committee on the Rights of the Child, General Comment No 13 on The Right of the Child to Freedom from all Forms of Violence (2011) CRC/C/GC/13Google Scholar
Coomaraswamy R, Report by the Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women, its Causes and Consequences (4 January 1996) UN Doc E/CN.4/1996/53Google Scholar
Ertürk Y, Report by the Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of all Human Rights (27 May 2009) UN Doc A/HRC/11/6/Add.5.Google Scholar
Human Rights Council, Discriminatory Laws and Practices and Acts of Violence against Individuals based on their Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity (17 November 2011) UN Doc A/HRC/19/41Google Scholar
Human Rights Council, Resolution on Human Rights, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity (15 June 2011) Res HRC/17/L.9/Rev.1Google Scholar
Nowak M, Report of the Special Rapporteur on Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (5 February 2010) UN Doc A/HRC/13/39/Add.5Google Scholar
Report to the CEDAW Committee, South Africa, (25 February 1998) CEDAW/C/ZAF/1Google Scholar
Report to the CEDAW Committee, South Africa, (24 March 2010) CEDAW/C/ZAF/2–4Google Scholar
Report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences on her mission to South Africa (14 June 2016) A/HRC/32/42/Add.2Google Scholar
South African Shadow Report submitted to the CEDAW Committee, 48th Session (17 January–4 February 2011)Google Scholar
UN Department on Economic and Social Affairs, Handbook for the Legislation on Violence against Women (New York, 2010) UN Doc ST/ESA/329Google Scholar
UN Department on Economic and Social Affairs, Supplement to the Handbook for Legislation on Violence against Women (New York, 2011) ST/ESA/331Google Scholar
UNGA, Report of the Independent Expert for the United Nations Study on Violence against Children (2006) UN Doc A/61/299Google Scholar
UNHCR, Gender, equality, nationality laws and statelessness, background note, (UNHCR, 7 March 2014)Google Scholar
United Nations, Report of the World Conference of the International Women’s Year, (Mexico, 19 June–2 July 1975) UN Doc A/CONF.66/34Google Scholar
United Nations, Report of the World Conference of the United Nations Decade for Women: Equality, Development and Peace, (Copenhagen, 14–30 July 1980) UN Doc A/CONF.94/35Google Scholar
United Nations, World Conference to review and appraise the achievements of the United Nations Decade for Women: Equality, Development and Peace, (Nairobi, 15–26 July 1985) UN Doc A/CONF.116/28/Rev.Google Scholar
United Nations, Report of the Fourth World Conference on Women, (Beijing, 4–15 September 1995) UN Doc A/CONF.177/20/Rev.1Google Scholar
Abd El-Hamid, D, ‘The National Council for Women: state feminism seeking to contain revolutionary feminism’, Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, 2 October 2013, accessed 26 May 2018 at www.eipr.org/en/blog/dalia-abd-el-hameed/2013/10/national-council-women-state-feminism-seeking-contain-revolutionaryGoogle Scholar
Abdel, S and Fracolli, E, ‘Egypt’s National Council for Women: a substitute for civil society?’ The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy, 15 July 2016, accessed 26 May 2018 at www.timep.org/commentary/egypts-national-council-for-women-a-substitute-for-civil-society/Google Scholar
Abdel Wahab, A, ‘Al Gamaet Al Ahleyya fi Masr: ikhtilalat el dor’ (NGOs in Egypt: role disorder), Al Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies, 30 May 2017, accessed 25 June 2018 at http://acpss.ahram.org.eg/News/16307.aspxGoogle Scholar
Abel, R, ‘A comparative theory of dispute institutions in society’ (1974) 8 Law and Society Review, 2, 217347Google Scholar
Abel, R, Politics by Other Means: Law in the Struggle Against Apartheid, 1980–1994 (New York and London: Routledge, 1995)Google Scholar
Abrahams, H, Rebuilding Lives after Domestic Violence: Understanding Long-term Outcomes (London and Philadelphia, PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2010)Google Scholar
Abrahams, H, Supporting Women after Domestic Violence: Loss Trauma and Recovery (London and Philadelphia, PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2007)Google Scholar
Ackermann, L and De Klerk, G, ‘Social factors that make South African women vulnerable to HIV infection’ (2002) 23 Health Care for Women International, 2, 163172CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Adams, R, ‘Violence against women and international law: the fundamental rights to state protection from domestic violence’ (2007) 20 New York International Law Review, 57, 104129Google Scholar
Adams, S, ‘Court finds men can’t be raped’, The Mercury, 11 May 2007, cited in the Committee meeting of Justice and Correctional service, accessed 20 June 2018 at https://pmg.org.za/committee-meeting/8049/Google Scholar
Adeleye-Fayemi, B, ‘Creating and sustaining feminist space in Africa’ in Ricciutelli, Luciana et al. (eds.), Feminist Politics, Activism and Vision: Local and Global Challenges (London: Inanna Publications, 2004), pp. 100121Google Scholar
AFP, ‘Rights groups denounce Egypt NGO Law’ Al-Monitor, 2 June 2017, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.al-monitor.com/pulse/afp/2017/06/egypt-politics-rights-law.htmlGoogle Scholar
Afshar, H and Maynard, M (eds.), The Dynamics of Race and Gender: Some Feminist Interventions (London: Taylor and Francis, 1994)Google Scholar
Afsharipour, A, ‘Empowering ourselves: the role of women’s NGOs in the enforcement of the women’s convention’ (1999) 99 Columbia Law Review, 1, 129172CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agati, M, ‘Undermining standards of good governance: Egypt’s NGO law and its impact on the transparency and accountability of CSOs’ (2006–2007) 9 International Journal of Nonprofit Law, 2, 5685Google Scholar
Ahmed, A, ‘Criminalising consensual sexual behaviour in the context of HIV: consequences, evidence, and leadership’ (2011) 6 An International Journal for Research, Policy and Practice, 3, 357369Google ScholarPubMed
Al Sisi, M, ‘Saad Gamal lel moshakeken fi qanun el gameat el ahleyya: lan natruk belandna lel takhreeb’ (Saad Gamal to the doubters of the NGO law: we will not leave our country to turmoil), Parlamany, 23 August 2017, accessed 18 July 2018 at www.parlmany.comGoogle Scholar
Al-Ali, N, Secularism, Gender and the State in the Middle East: The Egypt Women’s Movement (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004)Google Scholar
Al-Hindi, H, ‘Qanun al gameat al ahleya’ (NGO law), SAS Post, 1 December 2016, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.sasapost.com/ngos-law-in-egypt/Google Scholar
Albertyn, C, ‘Women and the transition to democracy in South Africa’ (1994) Acta Juridica 39Google Scholar
Albrecht, P et al. (eds.), Perspectives on Involving Non-State and Customary Actors in Justice and Security Reform (Rome: International Development Law Organization, 2011)Google Scholar
Aleem, A, ‘Egyptian women fight for right to top judicial positions’, Al-Monitor, 7 May 2018, accessed 15 June 2018 at www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/05/egypt-appointment-female-judges-state-councils-controversy.htmlGoogle Scholar
Algero, M G, ‘The sources of law and the value of precedent: a comparative and empirical study of a civil law state in a common law nation’ (2005) 65 Louisiana Law Review, 2, 775–822Google Scholar
Allam, R, ‘In Egypt, the Law itself is an Enemy of Women’s Rights’, Informed Comment, 24 February 2015, accessed 5 June 2018 at www.juancole.com/2015/02/itself-womens-rights.htmlGoogle Scholar
Allen, D, ‘Ethnomethodological insights into insider–outsider relationships in nursing ethnographies of healthcare settings’ (2004) 11 Nursing Inquiry, 1, 1424CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Allen, W, ‘The reporting and underreporting of rape’ (2007) 73 Southern Economic Journal, 3, 623641Google Scholar
Alliance for Rural Democracy, ‘Traditional courts bill is dead!’ Land and Accountability Research Centre, 21 February 2014, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.customcontested.co.za/traditional-courts-bill-dead/Google Scholar
Allott, A, The Limits of Law (London: Butterworths, 1980)Google Scholar
Amien, W, ‘A South African case study for the recognition and regulation of Muslim family law in a minority Muslim secular context’ (2010) 24 Law, Policy and the Family, 3, 361396CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amin, H, Research Methods in Law (Glasgow: Royston Publishers, 1992)Google Scholar
Amit, R, ‘Winning isn’t everything: courts, context, and the barriers to effecting change through public interest litigation’ (2011) 27 South African Journal on Human Rights, 1, 838CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amnesty International, Circles of Hell: Domestic Public and State Violence Against Women in Egypt, report (Amnesty International, 2015)Google Scholar
, A, ‘State responsibility under international human rights law to change religious and customary law’ in Cook, Rebecca (ed.), Human Rights of Women: National and International Perspectives (Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994), pp. 167189CrossRefGoogle Scholar
‘ANC youth leader guilty of “hate speech” after rape jibe’, Independent, 16 March 2010, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/anc-youth-leader-guilty-of-hate-speech-after-rape-jibe-1921836.htmlGoogle Scholar
Anderson, K L and Umberson, D, ‘Gendering violence: masculinity and power in men’s accounts of domestic violence’ (2001) 15 Gender and Society 3, 358380CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, M, ‘Rape in South Africa’ (1999–2000) 1 Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law, 789Google Scholar
Andrew, K and Nyirenda, S, ‘The role of the judiciary in protecting the rights of vulnerable groups in Malawi’ in Meerkotter, Anneke (ed.), Using the Courts to Protect Vulnerable People: Perspectives from the Judiciary and Legal Profession in Botswana, Malawi, and Zambia (Southern Africa Litigation Centre and others, 2015), pp. 110Google Scholar
Andrews, P, ‘From gender apartheid to non-sexism: the pursuit of women’s rights in South Africa’ (2001) 26 North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation, 693716Google Scholar
Andrews, P, ‘Violence against women in South Africa: the role of culture and the limitations of law’ (1998–1999) 8 Temple Political and Civil Rights Law Review, 425457.Google Scholar
Anaeme, F O, ‘Reducing gender discrimination and violence against women through library information services’ (2012) Library Philosophy and Practice, 765Google Scholar
‘Anger at South Africa woman trouser “ban”’, BBC News, 26 July 2007, accessed 28 June 2018 at http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6917332.stmGoogle Scholar
Anglin, M, ‘Feminist perspectives on structural violence’ (1998) 5 Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power, 2, 145151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arizona Coalition against Domestic Violence, Best practices manual for domestic violence programs (June 2000)Google Scholar
Armstrong, A, Culture and Choice: Lessons from Survivors of Gender Violence in Zimbabwe (Harare: AKA Distributer, 1998)Google Scholar
Armstrong, A, ‘Evidence in rape cases in four Southern African countries’ (1989) 33 Journal for African Law 2, 172184CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Armstrong, A, Struggling over Scarce Resources: Women and Maintenance in Southern Africa (Harare: University of Zimbabwe Publications, 1992)Google Scholar
Artz, L, ‘Policing the Domestic Violence Act: teething troubles or system failure’ (2001) 47 Agenda, 47, 413Google Scholar
Artz, L, ‘Shelter in the Southern Cape: gender violence undermines development’ (1999) 15 Agenda, 42, 5559Google Scholar
Artz, L, ‘Violence against women in rural Southern Cape: exploring access to justice through a feminist jurisprudence framework’, research thesis (University of Cape Town Institute of Criminology, 1999)Google Scholar
Artz, and Smythe, D (eds.), Should We Consent? Rape Law Reform in South Africa (Cape Town: Juta, 2008)Google Scholar
Artz, and Smythe, D, ‘Case attrition in rape cases: a comparative analysis’ (January 2007) 20 South African Journal of Criminal Justice, 2, 158181Google Scholar
Arup, C J, ‘Educating cause lawyers in Australia after South Africa’ in Ellman, Stephen et al. (eds.), For Martin Chanock: Essays on Law and Society (Annandale, NSW: The Federation Press, 2010), pp. 107125Google Scholar
Asimow, M, ‘Administrative law under South Africa’s Interim Constitution’ (1996) 44 American Journal of Comparative Law, 3, 393420CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Attalah, L, ‘While a bad year for civil society, all vow to find ways to continue’, Mada Masr, 26 December 2016, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.madamasr.com/en/2016/12/26/feature/politics/while-a-bad-year-for-civil-society-all-vow-to-find-ways-to-continue/Google Scholar
Aucamp, L et al., ‘A critical analysis of legislation pertaining to the sexual abuse of children’ (2012) 13 Child Abuse Research: A South African Journal, 110Google Scholar
Bachar, G and Hensler, D, ‘Does alternative dispute resolution facilitate prejudice and bias? We still don’t know’ (2017) 70 SMU Law Review, 4, 817836Google Scholar
Bader, W and Cleveland, D, ‘Precedent and justice’ (2011) 49 Duquesne Law Review, 56, 3560Google Scholar
Baker, P, ‘And I went back: battered women’s negotiation of choice’ (1997) 26 Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 1, 5574CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banda, F, ‘Protocol to the African Charter on the Rights of Women in Africa’ in Evans, Malcolm and Murray, Rachel (eds.), The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights: The System in Practice, 1986–2006, 2nd edition (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008), pp. 441474Google Scholar
Banda, F, ‘Women and access to justice’ in Dias, Ayesha Kadwani and Welch, Gita Honwana (eds.), Justice for the Poor: Perspectives on Accelerating Access (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), pp. 129153Google Scholar
Banda, F, ‘Women, law and human rights in Southern Africa’ (2006) 32 Journal of Southern African Studies, 13, 1327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barfield, T et al., Clash of Two Goods: State and Non-State Dispute Resolution in Afghanistan, report (United States Institute of Peace, 2006)Google Scholar
Batley, R, ‘Engaged or divorced? Cross-service findings on government relations with non-state service-providers’ (2006) 26 Public Administration and Development, 3, 241251CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bauer, G and Dawuni, J (eds.), Gender and the Judiciary in Africa: From Obscurity to Parity? (New York: Routledge, 2015)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bekker, J et al. (eds.), Introduction to Legal Pluralism in South Africa, 2nd edition (Durban: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2006)Google Scholar
Belluck, P, ‘Shelters for women disclosing their locations, in spite of risks’, The New York Times, 10 August 1997, accessed 20 July 2018 at www.nytimes.com/1997/08/10/us/shelters-for-women-disclosing-their-locations-in-spite-of-risk.htmlGoogle Scholar
Benedek, W et al. (eds.), The Human Rights of Women: International Instruments and African Experiences (London: Zed Books, 2002)Google Scholar
Bennett, T, Customary law in South Africa (Juta, 2004)Google Scholar
Bennett, T, ‘The equality clause and customary law’ (1994) 10 South African Journal on Human Rights, 1, 122130CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bennett, T, Human Rights and African Customary Law under the South African Constitution (Cape Town: Juta, 1995)Google Scholar
Benninger-Budel, C (ed.), Due Diligence and Its Application to Protect Women from Violence (Leiden and Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2008)Google Scholar
Beyani, C, ‘Toward a more effective guarantee of women’s rights in the African human rights system’ in Cook, Rebecca J (ed.), Human Rights of Women: National and International Perspectives (Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994), pp. 285307CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bijl, C and Rumney, P, ‘Attitudes, rape and law reform in South Africa’ (2010) 13 New Criminal Law Review: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal, 4, 826840Google Scholar
Bishop-Sambrook, C and Akamandisa, V, Chiefs and traditional leaders, Zambia, case study (IFAD, November 2014)Google Scholar
Booth, K and El Husseiny, S, Keeping Women Out: Sexual Violence Against Women in the Public Sphere, report number 630a (FIDH and others, 2014)Google Scholar
Boonzaier, F and La Rey, C, ‘“He’s a man, and I’m a woman”: cultural constructions of masculinity and femininity in South African women’s narratives of violence’ (2003) 9 Violence Against Women, 8, 10031029CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bornman, S et al., Protecting Survivors of Sexual Offences: The Legal Obligation of the State with Regard to Sexual Offences in South Africa, research report (Rape Crisis and the WLC, 2013)Google Scholar
Boulle, L, South Africa and the Consociational Option: A Constitutional Analysis (Johannesburg: Juta, 1984)Google Scholar
Boulle, L and Nesic, M, Mediation: Principles, Process, Practice (Chatswood: Butterworths, 2001)Google Scholar
Bourke-Martignoni, J, ‘The history and development of the due diligence standard in international law and its role in the protection of women against violence’ in Benninger-Budel, C (ed.), Due Diligence and Its Application to Protect Women from Violence (Leiden and Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2008), pp. 4762Google Scholar
Brass, J, Allies or Adversaries: NGOs and the State in Africa (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bratton, M, The Politics of Government – NGO Relations in Africa, Working paper no. 456 (Nairobi: Institute for Development Studies, University of Nairobi, 1987)Google Scholar
Briggs, C, Learning How to Ask (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Britton, H, ‘Organising against gender-based violence in South Africa’ (2006) 32 Journal of Southern African Studies, 1, 145163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broll, R and Crooks, C, Report on the Evaluation of Violence Against Women Public Education Campaigns, research report (Center for Research and Education on Violence against Women and Children, December 2012)Google Scholar
Browne, C, ‘Empowerment in social work practice with older women’ (1995) 40 Social Work, 3, 358364Google ScholarPubMed
Brownmiller, S, Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape (New York: Ballantine Books, 1994)Google Scholar
Brownstein, B E, ‘Private practice and cause lawyering: a practical and ethical guide’ (2009) 31 University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review, 4, 601608Google Scholar
Bryden, D and Lengnick, S, ‘Rape in the criminal justice system’ (1997) 87 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 4, 11941384CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Budlender, G, ‘Access to justice, lessons from South Africa land reform program’ in Ghai, Yash and Cottrell, Jill (eds.), Marginalized Communities and Access to Justice (Abingdon and New York: Routledge, 2010), pp. 2337Google Scholar
Budlender, S et al., Public Interest Litigation and Social Change in South Africa: Strategies, Tactics and Lessons, research report (The Atlantic Philanthropies, 2014)Google Scholar
Bunch, C, ‘Women’s rights as human rights: toward a re-vision of human rights’ (1990) 12 Human Rights Quarterly, 4, 486498CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burgess, R, In the Field: An Introduction to Field Research (London and New York: Routledge, 1984)Google Scholar
Burman, S, ‘Fight a two-pronged attack: the changing legal status of women in Cape-ruled Basutoland, 1872–1884’ in Walker, Cherryl (ed.), Women and Gender in Southern Africa to 1945 (Cape Town and London: David Philip Publisher, 1990), pp. 4876Google Scholar
Burton, M, ‘Failing to protect: victims’ rights and police liability’ (2009) 72 The Modern Law Review, 2, 283295CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burton, R et al., ‘Prevention of mother-to-child transmission in South Africa: an ever-changing landscape’ (2015) 8 Obstet Med, 1, 512CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buss, D and Manji, A (eds.), International Law: Modern Feminist Approaches (Oxford: Hart, 2005)Google Scholar
Byrnes, A and Connors, J, ‘Enforcing the human rights of women: a complaints procedure for the women’s convention?’ (1995–1996) 21 Brooklyn Journal of International Law, 3, 679797Google Scholar
Byrnes, B, ‘The Convention on Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women’ in Benedek, Wolfgang et al. (eds.), Human Rights of Women: International Instruments and African Experiences (London: Zed Books, 2002), pp. 119172Google Scholar
Calmore, J, ‘A call to context: the professional challenges of cause lawyering at the intersection of race, space and poverty’ (1998–1999) 67 Fordham Law Review, 5, 19271957Google Scholar
Calnan, S, The Effectiveness of Domestic Human Rights NGOs: A Comparative Study (Leiden and Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CALS, Submission to the Director-General: Justice and Constitutional Development on the Draft Regulations Relating to Sexual Offences Courts: Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act, 2007 (Act No. 32 of 2007) (January 2018)Google Scholar
Cappelletti, M and Garth, B, ‘Access to justice: the newest wave in the worldwide movement to make rights effective’ (1977–1978) 27 Buffalo Law Review, 181292Google Scholar
Cantrell, D J, ‘Sensational reports: the ethical duty of cause lawyers to be competent in public advocacy’ (2007) 30 Hamline Law Review, 3, 568585Google Scholar
Cashmore, J, The Impact of Delayed Reporting on the Prosecution and Outcomes of Child Sexual Abuse Cases, research report (Sydney: Commonwealth of Australia, 2016)Google Scholar
Center for the Study of Reconciliation and Development, Mapping Local Gender-based Violence Prevention and Response Strategies in South Africa, research report (April 2016)Google Scholar
Center for Women’s Global Leadership (ed.), Gender Violence and Women’s Human Rights in Africa (Douglas College: Center for Women’s Global Leadership, 1994)Google Scholar
Centre for Child Law, Strategic Impact Litigation for Children’s Rights, research report (2011)Google Scholar
Chabalala, J, ‘Shock at moves to “spread resources” for sexual offences courts’, News24, 18 May 2017, accessed 3 June 2018 at www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/shock-at-moves-to-spread-resources-for-sexual-offences-courts-20170518Google Scholar
Chanock, M, ‘Law, state and culture: thinking about ‘customary law’ after apartheid’ (1991) Acta Juridica, 5270Google Scholar
Chanock, M, The Making of South African Legal Culture 1902–1936 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charlesworth, H, ‘‘Talking to ourselves? feminist scholarship in international law’ in Kouvo, Sari and Pearson, Zoe (eds.), Feminist Perspectives on Contemporary International Law (Oxford: Hart, 2011), pp. 1732Google Scholar
Charlesworth, H and Chinkin, C, ‘The gender of jus cogens’ (1993) 15 Human Rights Quarterly, 1, 6376CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charlesworth, H et al., ‘Feminist approaches to international law’ (1991) 85 American Journal of International Law, 4, 613645CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chayes, A, ‘The role of the judge in public law litigation’ (1976) 89 Harvard Law Review, 7, 12811316CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chiba, M, Legal Pluralism: Toward a General Theory through Japanese Legal Culture (Tokyo: Tokai University Press, 1989),Google Scholar
Chinkin, C, ‘Violence against women’ in Freeman, Marsha A. et al. (eds.), The UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women: A Commentary (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), pp. 444475Google Scholar
Chopra, T and Isser, D, ‘Women’s access to justice, legal pluralism and fragile states’ in Albrecht, Peter et al. (eds.), Perspectives on Involving Non-State and Customary Actors in Justice and Security Reform (Rome: International Development Law Organization, 2011), pp. 2336Google Scholar
Christensen, D and Weinstein, J, ‘Defunding dissent: restrictions on aid to NGOs’ (2013) 24 Journal of Democracy, 2, 7791CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christofide, N et al., The State of Sexual Assault Services: Findings from a Situation Analysis of Services in South Africa, research report (The South African Gender-based Violence and Health Initiative, 2003)Google Scholar
Citizens Advice Bureau UK, Victims of Domestic Abuse: Struggling for Support, research report (February 2015)Google Scholar
Claassens, A, ‘What’s wrong with the Traditional Courts Bill’, Mail & Guardian, 2 June 2008, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.mg.co.za/article/2008-06-02-whats-wrong-with-the-traditional-courts-bill.Google Scholar
Clark, J, ‘Democratising development: NGOs and the state’ (1992) 2 Development in Practice, 3, 151162CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clear, S, ‘2018 must be the year that we reimagine judicial diversity’, The Conversation, 3 January 2018, accessed 2 June 2018 at www.theconversation.com/2018-must-be-the-year-that-we-reimagine-judicial-diversity-89593Google Scholar
‘Co-founder of anti-torture NGO Al-Nadeem prevented from traveling’, Mada Masr, 18 October 2017, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.madamasr.com/en/2017/10/18/news/u/co-founder-of-anti-torture-ngo-al-nadeem-prevented-from-traveling/Google Scholar
Cock, J, ‘Engendering gay and lesbian rights: the equality clause in the South African Constitution’ (2002) 26 Women’s Studies International Forum, 1, 3545CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cock, J, Women and War in South Africa (London: Open Letters, 1992)Google Scholar
Cock, J and Fi, D, ‘The impact of globalisation on environmental politics in South Africa, 1990–2002’ (2001) 5 African Sociological Review, 2, 1535CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, P, Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment, 2nd edition (New York and London: Routledge, 2000)Google Scholar
Collins, P, ‘Friends of the court: examining the influence of amicus curiae participation in U.S. Supreme Court litigation court (2004) 38 Law and Society Review 4, 807832CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collison, C, ‘#MiniMeeToo breaks long silences’, Mail & Guardian, 22 June 2018, accessed 14 July 2018 at www.mg.co.za/article/2018-06-22-00-minimetoo-breaks-long-silencesGoogle Scholar
Collison, C, ‘ConCourt ruling offers sexual abuse survivors opportunity of “getting justice”’, Mail & Guardian, 14 June 2018, accessed 28 June 2018 at www.mg.co.za/article/2018-06-14-concourt-ruling-offers-sexual-abuse-survivors-opportunity-of-getting-justiceGoogle Scholar
Collison, C, ‘“I didn’t want to die” – queers battle prison’, Mail & Guardian, 18 January 2018, accessed 11 July 2018 at www.mg.co.za/article/2018-01-18-i-didnt-want-to-die-queers-battle-prison-wardensGoogle Scholar
Comaroff, J and Roberts, S, Rules and Processes: The Cultural Logic of Dispute in an African Context (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981)Google Scholar
Combrinck, H, ‘Positive state duties to protect women from violence: recent South African developments’ (1998) 20 Human Rights Quarterly, 3, 666690CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connell, D, ‘Strategies for change: women and politics in Eritrea and South Africa’ (1998) 25 Review of African Political Economy, 76, 189206CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connell, P, ‘Understanding victimization and agency: considerations of race, class and gender’ (2008) 20 Political and Legal Anthropology Review, 2, 115143CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connolly, S, Assessing the Successes of and Challenges Facing Civil Society Organizations in South Africa, in Influencing Gender-Based Violence Policy, research report (SIT Graduate Institute, 2017)Google Scholar
Connors, J, ‘Optional Protocol’ in Freeman, M et al. (eds.), The UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women: A Commentary (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), pp. 607681Google Scholar
Conteh, F, ‘Chiefs, NGOs and alternative conflict resolution mechanisms in post-conflict Sierra Leone’ (2014) 41 Review of African Political Economy, 142, 516529CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook, R (ed.), Human Rights of Women: National and International Perspectives (Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook, R and Emerson, R, ‘Power, Equity and Commitment in Exchange’ (1978) 43 American Sociological Review, 5, 721739CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corra, M and Willer, D, ‘The gatekeeper’ (2002) 20 Sociological Theory, 2, 180207CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coston, J, ‘A model and typology of government-NGO relationships’ (1998) 28 Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 3, 358382CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cote, D and Garderen, J, ‘Challenges to public interest litigation South Africa: external and internal challenges to determining the public interest’ (2011) 27 South African Journal on Human Rights, 1, 167182CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowan, R, ‘Do women on South Africa’s Courts make a difference’, Courting Justice, June 2011, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.courtingjustice.com/DoWomen-MD.htmlGoogle Scholar
Cowan, R B, ‘Women’s representation on the courts in the Republic of South Africa’ (2006) 6 The University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class, 291318Google Scholar
Cumming, S and Rhode, D, ‘Public interest litigation: insights from theory and practice’ (2009) 36 Fordham Urban Law Journal, 4, 615619Google Scholar
Curran, E and Bonthuys, E, ‘Customary law and domestic violence in South African communities’ (2005) 21 South African Journal on Human Rights, 4, 607635CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cusack, S and Timmer, A, ‘Gender stereotyping in rape cases: The CEDAW Committee’s decision in Vertido v The Phillipines’ (2011) 11 Human Rights Law Review, 2, 329342CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dagnino, F, ‘Expanding access to justice in Africa’ in Dias, Ayesha Kadwani and Welch, Gita Honwana (eds.), Justice for the Poor: Perspectives on Accelerating Access (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), pp. 419448Google Scholar
Daly, K, Conventional and Innovative Justice Responses to Sexual Violence, research report no 12 (Australian Center for the Study of Sexual Assault, 2011)Google Scholar
Daly, K and Bouhours, B, ‘Rape and attrition in the legal process: a comparative analysis of five countries’ (2010) 39 Crime and justice, 1, 565650CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danish Institute for Human Rights, Informal Justice System: Charting a Course for Human Rights Based Engagement (UN Women, UNICEF and UNDP, 2012)Google Scholar
Darwiche, N, ‘Women in Arab NGOs: a publication of the Arab network for non-governmental organisations’ (2001) 69 Feminist Review, 1520CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, A and Salem, RDealing with power imbalances in the mediation of interpersonal disputes’ (1984) 6 Mediation Quarterly, 1926Google Scholar
Davis, D and Le Roux, M, Precedent and Possibility: The (ab)use of Law in South Africa (Cape Town: Juta and Company Ltd, 2009)Google Scholar
Dawoud, A, ‘Why women are losing rights in the post-revolutionary Egypt’ (2012) 13 Journal of International Women’s Studies, 5, 160169Google Scholar
Dawuni, J, ‘To ‘mother’ or not to ‘mother’: The representative roles of women judges in Ghana’ (2016) 60 Journal of African Law, 3, 419440CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dembowski, H, Taking the State to Court: Public Interest Litigation and the Public Sphere in Metropolitan India (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001)Google Scholar
De Vos, P, ‘Male rape: what were the judges smoking?’, Constitutionally Speaking, 10 May 2007, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/male-rape-what-were-the-judges-smokingGoogle Scholar
Derdeery, N, ‘Al mar’a saneat al salam’ (The woman is a peacemaker), Al Ahram, 18 September 2017, accessed 20 June 2018 at http://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/1584718.aspxGoogle Scholar
Desai, V and Howes, M, ‘Accountability and participation: a case study from Bombay’ in Edwards, Michael and Hulme, David (eds.), Non-Governmental Organisations: Performance and Accountability (London: Earthscan, 1996), pp. 8395Google Scholar
Deva, S, ‘Public interest litigation in India: a critical review’ (2009) 28 Civil Justice Quarterly, 1940Google Scholar
Devi, K (ed.), Violence against Women: Human Rights Perspectives (New Delhi: Serials Publications, 2005)Google Scholar
Dey, K et al., The Road to Justice: Victim Empowerment Legislation in South Africa, research report (Cape Town: the Rape Crisis Cape Town Center and others, 2011)Google Scholar
Di Silvo, L, ‘Correcting corrective rape: Carmichele and developing South Africa’s affirmative obligations to prevent violence against women’ (2011) 99 Georgetown Law Journal, 5,14691516Google Scholar
Dias, A, ‘International law and sources of access to justice’ in Dias, Ayesha Kadwani and Welch, Gita Honwana (eds.), Justice for the Poor: Perspectives on Accelerating Access (Oxford: Oxford University Press 2009), pp. 373Google Scholar
Dias, A and Welch, G (eds.), Justice for the Poor: Perspectives on Accelerating Access (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009)Google Scholar
Dingwall, R and Eekelaar, J (eds.), Divorce Mediation and the Legal Process (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988)Google Scholar
Dissel, A and Ngubeni, K, Giving Women Their Voices: Domestic Violence and Restorative Justice in South Africa, research report (Center for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, 2003)Google Scholar
Du Bois, F, ‘Judicial selection in post-apartheid South Africa’ in Malleson, Kate and Russell, Peter H (eds.), Appointing Judges in an Age of Judicial Power – Critical Perspectives from Around the World (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006), pp. 280312CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duffy, H, Strategic Litigation Impacts Torture in Custody, research report (Open Society Foundations, 2017)Google Scholar
Dunn, J and Powell-Williams, M, ‘“Everybody makes choices”: victim advocates and the social construction of battered women’s victimization and agency’ (2007) 13 Violence against Women, 10, 9771001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dupuy, K et al., ‘Who survived? Ethiopia’s regulatory crackdown on foreign-funded NGOs’ (2015) 22 Review of International Political Economy, 2, 419456CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dutton, M, Empowering and Healing the Battered Woman: A Model for Assessment and Intervention (New York: Springer Publishing Company, 2000)Google Scholar
Ebrahim, A, ‘Accountability in practice: mechanisms for NGOs’ (2003) 31 World Development, 5, 813829CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ebrahim, A, ‘Making sense of accountability: conceptual perspectives for northern and southern nonprofits’ (2003) 14 Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 2, 191212CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ebrahim, A, NGOs and Organizational Change: Discourses, Reporting, and Learning (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, A, ‘Violence against women as sex discrimination: judging the jurisprudence of United Nations human rights treaty bodies’ (2008) 18 Texas Journal of Women and the Law, 144Google Scholar
Edwards, A, Violence Against Women under International Human Rights Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011)Google Scholar
Edwards, M and Hulme, D (eds.), Making a Difference: NGOs and Development in a Changing World (UK and USA: Earthscan Publication, 1992)Google Scholar
Edwards, M and Hulme, D, Non-Governmental Organisations: Performance and Accountability (London: Earthscan Publications, 1996)Google Scholar
Eekelaar, J, ‘From multiculturalism to cultural voluntarism: a family-based approach’ (2010) 81 The Political Quarterly, 3, 344355CrossRefGoogle Scholar
‘Egypt: escalating judicial harassment of human rights NGOs’, Frontline Defenders, 21 March 2016, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/statement-report/egypt-escalating-judicial-harassment-human-rights-ngosGoogle Scholar
‘Egypt: events of 2016’, Human Rights Watch, accessed 1 June 2018 at www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/egypt#6e1aabGoogle Scholar
El Feki, S et al., Understanding Masculinities: Results from the International Men and Gender Equality Survey, report (UN Women and Promundo-US, 2017)Google Scholar
Elbayar, K, ‘NGO laws in selected Arab states’ (2005) 7 International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law, 4, 327Google Scholar
Elias, T, The Nature of African Customary Law (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1956)Google Scholar
Ellman, S et al. (eds.), For Martin Chanock: Essays on Law and Society (Annandale, NSW: The Federation Press, 2010)Google Scholar
Emerson, R, ‘Power-dependence relations’ (1962) 27 American Sociological Review, 1, 3141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emerton, R et al. (eds.), International Women’s Rights Cases (New York: Routledge, 2016)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Enyew, E L, ‘Ethiopian customary dispute resolution mechanisms: forms for restorative justice?’ (2014) 14 African Journal on Conflict Resolution, 1, 125155Google Scholar
Ernberg, E et al., ‘Court evaluations of young children’s testimony in child sexual abuse cases’, Legal and Criminological Psychology, 7 February 2018, accessed 6 June 2018 at www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/lcrp.12124Google Scholar
Esack, F, ‘Three Islamic strands in the South African struggle for justice’ (1998) 2 Islam and politics, 2, 473498Google Scholar
Etienne, M, ‘The ethics of cause lawyering: an empirical examination of criminal defense lawyers as cause lawyers’ (2005) 95 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 4, 11951260Google Scholar
Euromed Rights, Report on Violence against Women, Egypt (9 December 2016)Google Scholar
Ewing, D, ‘Rape, gender and the justice system’ (2003) 56 Agenda, 5460Google Scholar
Ezer, T and Patel, P, ‘Being strategic about strategic litigation: four things we’ve learned from a public health context’, Human Rights Funders Network, 28 July 2016, accessed 11 July 2018 at www.hrfn.org/community-voices/being-strategic-about-strategic-litigation-four-things-weve-learned-from-a-public-health-context/Google Scholar
Faedi, B, ‘Domestic violence as a human rights violation: the challenges of a regional human rights approach in Africa’ in Burrill, Emily et al. (eds.), Domestic Violence and the Law in Colonial and Postcolonial Africa (Ohio: Ohio University Press, 2010), pp. 256277Google Scholar
Falola, T, Colonialism and Violence in Nigeria (Bloomington and Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University Press, 2009)Google Scholar
Farnworth, C et al., Transforming Gender Relations in Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa (Stockholm: Swedish International Agricultural Network Initiative, 2013)Google Scholar
Faundez, J, ‘Community, justice institutions and judicialization: lessons from rural Peru’ in Dias, Ayesha Kadwani and Welch, Gita Honwana (eds.), Justice for the Poor: Perspectives on Accelerating Access (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), pp. 106128Google Scholar
Fearon, K, ‘Pragmatism, proximity and pashtunwali: informal justice at the district level in Helmand Province State’ in Albrecht, Peter et al. (eds.), Perspectives on Involving Non-State and Customary Actors in Justice and Security Reform (Rome: International Development Law Organization, 2011)Google Scholar
Fedler, J, ‘Lawyering domestic violence through the Prevention of Family Violence Act 1993 – evaluation after a year in operation’ (1995) 112 South African Law Journal 231Google Scholar
Felstiner, W, ‘Influences of social organization on dispute processing’ (1974) 9 Law and Society Review, 1, 6394CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FIDH, ‘Egypt: Arrest and release on bail of Azza Soliman’, urgent appeal, International Federation for Human Rights, 8 December 2016, accessed 18 June 2018 at www.fidh.org/en/issues/human-rights-defenders/egypt-arrest-and-release-on-bail-of-azza-solimanGoogle Scholar
Fife, W, Doing Fieldwork: Ethnographic Methods for Research in Developing Countries and Beyond (USA: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fine, S, ‘Sexual assault myths at centre of important Supreme Court case’, The Globe and the Mail, 8 Febraury 2018, accessed 6 June 2018 at www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/sexual-assault-myths-at-centre-of-important-supreme-court-case/article37916188/Google Scholar
Fisher, B et al., ‘Reporting sexual victimization to the police and others: results from a national-level study of college women’ (2003) 30 Criminal Justice and Behavior, 1, 638CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fischer, K et al., ‘The Culture of Battering and the Role of Mediation in Domestic Violence Cases’ (1992–1993) 46 Southern Methodist University Law Review, 21172174Google Scholar
Fisher, H, Building Promising Practices: Campaigning, Awareness Raising and Capacity Building to Combat Violence Against Women – A Human Rights Approach, expert paper (UN Division for the Advancement of Women, Expert Group Meeting, 17–20 May 2005)Google Scholar
Fitzpatrick, P, ‘Law and societies’ (1984) 22 Osgoode Hall Law Journal, 1, 115138CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flynn, A and Hodgson, J (eds.), Access to Justice and Legal Aid: Comparative Perspectives on Unmet Legal Need (Oxford and Portland, OR: Hart Publishing, 2017)Google Scholar
Foa, E et al., ‘Psychological and environmental factors associated with partner violence’ (2000) 1 Trauma, Violence and Abuse, 1, 6791CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ford, L, ‘Egypt court ruling upholds decision to freeze assets of women’s rights activists’, The Guardian, 12 January 2017, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/jan/12/egypt-court-ruling-upholds-decision-freeze-assets-womens-rights-activistsGoogle Scholar
Foucault, M, ‘The subject and the power’ (1982) 8 Critical Inquiry, 777CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fourie, J and Gruzd, S, ‘Battling violence against women: From Africa’s top to toe’, South African Institute of International Affairs, 20 April 2015, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.saiia.org.za/opinion-analysis/battling-violence-against-women-from-africas-top-to-toeGoogle Scholar
Fourie, R, ‘South Africa’ in Malley-Morrison, K (ed.), International Perspectives on Family Violence and Abuse: A Cognitive Ecological Approach (New York: Routledge, 2004), pp. 243261Google Scholar
Freeman, M, ‘Women, law and land at the local level: claiming women’s human rights in domestic legal systems’ (1994) 16 Human Rights Quarterly, 3, 559575CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, M et al. (eds.), The UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women: A Commentary (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frenkel, R, ‘Feminism and contemporary culture in South Africa’ (2008) 67 African Studies, 1, 110CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fritz, N, ‘Crossing Jordan: constitutional space for (un)civil sex’ (2004) 20 South African Journal on Human Rights, 2, 230248CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuchs, G, ‘Using strategic litigation for women’s rights: political restrictions in Poland and achievements of the women’s movement’ (2013) 20 European Journal of Women’s Studies, 1, 2145CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gallinetti, J and Kassan, D, ‘Children and sexual offences’ victims’ in Artz, Lillian and Smythe, Dee (eds.), Should We Consent? Rape Law Reform in South Africa (Cape Town: Juta, 2008), pp. 144173Google Scholar
Garcia-Moreno, C et al., Global and Regional Estimates of Violence against Women: Prevalence and Health Effects of Intimate Partner Violence and Nonpartner Sexual Violence (World Health Organization, 2013)Google Scholar
Gasa, N, ‘Let them build more goals’ in Gasa, N (ed.), Women in Southern African History: They Remove Boulders and Cross Rivers (Cape Town: Human Science Research Council, 2007), pp. 129152Google Scholar
Gasa, N, Women in Southern African History: They Remove Boulders and Cross Rivers (Human Science Research Council, 2007)Google Scholar
Geisler, G, ‘Parliament is another terrain of struggle: women, men and politics in South Africa’ (2000) 38 The Journal of Modern African Studies, 4, 605630CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gender Equality Commission, Balanced Participation of Women and Men in Decision-making, analytical report (Council of Europe, 2016)Google Scholar
Gerntholtz, L and MacLeod, J, ‘Gender and socio-economic rights “the case of gender-based violence and health”’ in Langford, Malcolm et al. (eds.), Socio-economic Rights in South Africa: Symbols or Substance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014), pp. 365388Google Scholar
Ghai, Y and Cottrell, J (eds.), Marginalized Communities and Access to Justice (Abingdon and New York: Routledge, 2010)Google Scholar
Gibbons, K and Johnson, T, Integrated Approaches to Eliminate Gender Based Violence (London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 2003)Google Scholar
Glenn, C and Goodman, L, ‘Living with and within the rules of domestic violence shelters: A qualitative exploration of residents’ experiences’ (2015) 21 Violence against Women, 12, 14811506CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goetz, A, ‘Women in politics and gender equity in policy: South Africa and Uganda’ (1998) 25 Review of African Political Economy, 76, 241262CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goetz, A, ‘Women’s political effectiveness: a conceptual framework’ in Goetz, Anne Marie and Hassim, Shireen (eds.), No Shortcuts to Power: African Women in Politics and Policy Making (London and New York: Zed Books, 2003), pp. 2980Google Scholar
Goetz, A and Hassim, S (eds.), No Shortcuts to Power: African Women in Politics and Policy Making (London and New York: Zed Books, 2003)Google Scholar
Goldfarb, S F, ‘Reconceiving civil protection orders for domestic violence: Can law help end the abuse without ending the relationship?’ (2008) 29 Cardozo Law Review, 4, 14871551Google Scholar
Goodman, G et al., ‘Testifying in criminal court: emotional effects of child sexual assault victims’ (1992) 57 Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goodmark, L, ‘Alternative dispute resolution and potential for gender bias’ (2000) 39 The Judges’ Journal, 21Google Scholar
Gordon, N, ‘Human rights, social space and power: why do some NGOs exert more influence than others?’ (2008) 12 The International Journal of Human Rights, 1, 2339CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gouws, A, ‘The state of national gender machinery: structural problems and personalised politics’ in Buhlungu, Sakhela et al. (eds.), State of the Nation: South Africa 2005–2006 (Cape Town: HSRC Press, 2006)Google Scholar
Govender, M, ‘Domestic violence: is South Africa meeting its obligations in terms of the women’s convention?’ (2003) 19 South African Journal on Human Rights, 4, 663687CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Govender, V and Killean, R, Lawyers, Conflict and Transition: South Africa, research report (Economic and Social Research Council, December 2016)Google Scholar
Gqirana, T, ‘New traditional courts bill “everyone can live with”’, News24, 23 January 2017, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/new-traditional-courts-bill-everyone-can-live-with-20170123Google Scholar
Grant, E, ‘Human rights, cultural diversity and customary law in South Africa’ (2006) 50 Journal of African Law, 1, 223CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greatbatch, D and Dingwall, R, ‘Argumentative talk in divorce mediation sessions’ (1997) 62 American Sociological Review, 1, 151170CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greatbatch, D and Dingwall, R, ‘Selective facilitation: some preliminary observations on a strategy used by divorce mediators’ (1989) 23 Law and Society Review, 4, 613642CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, D, Gender Violence in Africa: African Women’s Responses (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 1999)Google Scholar
Grey, S and Sawer, M (eds.), Women’s Movements: Flourishing or in Abeyance (London: Routledge, 2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffin, R, ‘The Traditional Courts Bill: Are they getting it right?’, Helen Suzman Foundation, 14 February 2017, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.hsf.org.za/publications/hsf-briefs/the-traditional-courts-bill-are-they-getting-it-rightGoogle Scholar
Griffiths, A, In the Shadow of Marriage: Gender and Justice in the African Community (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1997)Google Scholar
Grossman, N, ‘Sex on the bench: do women judges matter to the legitimacy of international courts’ (2011–2012) 12 China Journal of International Law, 2, 647683Google Scholar
Grubb, A and Turner, E, ‘Attribution of blame in rape cases: a review of the impact of rape myth acceptance, gender role conformity and substance use on victim blaming’ (2012) 17 Aggression and Violent Behaviour, 5, 443452CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guide to Strategic Litigation, Public Law Project, 13 January 2014, accessed 18 June 2018 at www.publiclawproject.org.uk/resources/guide-to-strategic-litigation/Google Scholar
Habib, A, ‘State-civil society relations in post-apartheid South Africa’ (2005) 72 Social Research, 3, 671692CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Habib, A and Taylor, R, ‘South Africa: anti-apartheid NGOs in transition’ (1999) 10 Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 1, 7382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hague, G et al., Is Anyone Listening?: Accountability and Women Survivors of Domestic Violence (London: Routledge, 2003)Google Scholar
Hajjar, L, ‘Religion, state power, and domestic violence in Muslim societies: a framework for comparative analysis’ (2004) 29 Law and Social Inquiry, 1, 138CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hallward-Driemeier, M and Hasan, T, Empowering Women: Legal Rights and Economic Opportunities in Africa (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harding, A, ‘Will South Africans ever be shocked by rape?’, BBC World News, 10 January 2013, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20971240Google Scholar
Hassan, H A, ‘Civil society in Egypt under the Mubarak regime’ (2011) 2 Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences, 2, 2Google Scholar
Hassim, S, ‘“A conspiracy of women”: the women’s movement in South Africa’s transition to democracy’ (2002) 69 Social Research, 3, 693732CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hatem, M, ‘In the shadow of the state: changing definitions of Arab women’s “developmental” citizenship rights’ (2005) 1 Journal of Middle East Women’s Studies, 3, 2045Google Scholar
Henderson, R, ‘“Gender transformation in the judiciary being addressed in silos”: CGE’, Times Live, 7 December 2016, accessed 17 June 2018 at www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2016-12-07-gender-transformation-in-the-judiciary-being-addressed-in-silos-cge/Google Scholar
Herrold, C, ‘NGO policy in pre- and post-Mubarak Egypt: effects on NGOs’ roles in democracy promotion’ (2016) 7 Nonprofit Policy Forum, 2, 189212CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heurlin, C, ‘Governing civil society: the political logic of NGO–state relations under dictatorship’ (2010) 21 Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 2, 220239CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Himonga, C and Bosch, C, ‘The application of African customary law under the Constitution of South Africa: problems solved or just beginning?’ (2000) 117 South African Law Journal, 306Google Scholar
Hoffman-Wanderer, Y, ‘Sentencing and management of sexual offenders’ in Artz, Lillian and Smythe, Dee (eds.), Should We Consent? Rape Law Reform in South Africa (Cape Town: Juta, 2008), pp. 224262Google Scholar
Holness, W and Rule, S, ‘Barriers to advocacy and litigation in the equality courts for persons with disabilities’ (2014) 17 P.E.R., 5, 19071963Google Scholar
Holtmaat, R, ‘Article 5’ in Freeman, Marsha A et al. (eds.), The UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women: A Commentary (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), pp. 141167Google Scholar
Holtmaat, R, ‘Preventing violence against women: the due diligence standards with respect to the obligation to banish gender stereotypes on ground of Article 5(a) of the CEDAW Convention’ in Benninger-Budel, Carin (ed.), Due Diligence and Its Application to Protect Women from Violence (Leiden and Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2008), pp. 6390Google Scholar
Honemann, B and Heywood, M, ‘A judgment that saved a million lives’, The Star, 5 July 2012, accessed 17 June 2018 at www.iol.co.za/the-star/a-judgment-that-saved-a-million-lives-1334636Google Scholar
Hooks, B, Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center, 3rd edition (New York and London: Routledge, 2014)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horowitz, R, ‘Remaining an outsider: membership as a threat to research rapport’ (1986) 14 Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 4, pp. 409430Google Scholar
Hosny, H, ‘George Ishak yotaleb bi3adet el nazar fi qanoun el gamaet el ahleyya’ (George Ishaak demands the reconsideration of the NGO law), Maswawy, 3 October 2017, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.masrawy.com/news/news_egypt/details/2017/10/3/1165387/Google Scholar
Hossain, S and Welchman, L (eds.), Honour: Crimes, Paradigms, and Violence Against Women (London and New York: Zed Books, 2005)Google Scholar
Howe, G, Sexual Violence Against Children in the Caribbean: Report 2012 (UNICEF, May 2013)Google Scholar
Hsu, C, ‘Beyond civil society: an organizational perspective on state–NGO relations in the People’s Republic of China’ (2010) 6 Journal of Civil Society, 3, 259277CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hulme, D and Edwards, M, (eds.), NGOs, States and Donors: Too Close for Comfort? (UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 1997)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Human Rights Watch, ‘Egypt: new law will crush civil society’, Human Rights Watch, 2 June 2017, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.hrw.org/news/2017/06/02/egypt-new-law-will-crush-civil-societyGoogle Scholar
Human Rights Watch, Hated to Death: Homophobia, Violence and Jamaica’s HIV/AIDS Epidemic, research report (Human Rights Watch, 2004)Google Scholar
Human Rights Watch, The State Response to Domestic Violence and Rape, research report (Human Rights Watch, 1995)Google Scholar
Human Rights Watch, Violence Against Women in South Africa: State Response to Domestic Violence and Rape, research report (Human Rights Watch, 1996)Google Scholar
Human Rights Watch, ‘We’ll Show You You’re a Woman’: Violence and Discrimination Against Black Lesbians and Transgender Men in South Africa, research report (Human Rights Watch, 2011)Google Scholar
Hund, J (ed.), Law and Justice in South Africa (Rondebosch: Centre for Intergroup Studies, 1988)Google Scholar
‘Husband killer loses bid for appeal’ IOL, 22 September 2010, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/western-cape/husband-killer-loses-bid-for-appeal-680850Google Scholar
Hutchinson, T, Researching and Writing in Law (Pyrmont, NSW: Lawbook, 2006)Google Scholar
Hweshe, F, ‘Call for faster delivery after Irene’s death’, IOL, 5 August 2008, accessed 10 June 2018 at www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/call-for-faster-delivery-after-irenes-death-411161Google Scholar
Ibrahim, A, ‘Head of Egypt’s council for women slams detained female activists’, Middle East Eye, 17 November 2014, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.middleeasteye.net/news/head-egypt-council-women-slams-detained-girls-1879918577Google Scholar
International Council on Human Rights, When Legal Worlds Overlap: Human Rights, State and Non-State Law (Versoix: International Council on Human Rights, 2009)Google Scholar
International Standards of Judicial Independence (International Association of Judicial Independence and World Peace, 2008)Google Scholar
Izunwa, M, ‘A critique of certain aspects of the grounds, procedure and reliefs attaching to customary divorce law in Southern Nigeria’ (2015) 7 Journal of Law and Conflict Resolution, 5, 3138Google Scholar
Jad, I, ‘The “NGOization” of the Arab women’s movements’ (2003) 11 Al-Raida, 3847Google Scholar
Jankie, D, ‘Tell me who you are: problematizing the construction and positionalities of “insider”/“outsider” of a “native” ethnographer in a postcolonial context’ in Mutua, Kagendo and Swadener, Beth Blue (eds.), Decolonizing Research in Cross-Cultural Context: Critical Personal Narratives (New York: State University of New York Press, 2004), pp. 87104Google Scholar
‘JASA assembles experts to oppose bid to lower age of sexual consent’, Gateway News, 14 December 2011, accessed 2 June 2018 at www.gatewaynews.co.za/jasa-assembles-experts-to-oppose-bid-to-lower-age-of-sexual-consent/Google Scholar
Jayawardena, K, Feminism and Nationalism in the Third World (London: Zed Books, 1986)Google Scholar
Jegede, A, ‘From military rule to constitutional government: the case of Nigeria’ in Mbondenyi, Morris Kiwinda and Ojienda, Tom (eds.), Constitutionalism and Democratic Governance in Africa: Contemporary Perspectives from Sub-Saharan Africa (Pretoria: Pretoria University Law Press, 2013), pp. 337353Google Scholar
Jewkes, R et al., He Must Give Me Money, He Mustn’t Beat me’: Violence Against Women in Three South African Provinces (Pretoria: Medical Research Council, 1999)Google Scholar
Joachim, J, ‘Framing issues and seizing opportunities: the UN, NGOs, and women’s rights’ (2003) 47 International Studies Quarterly, 2, pp. 247274CrossRefGoogle Scholar
John, V, ‘Sadtu warns it will go after NGOs’, Mail & Guardian, 2 November 2012, accessed 7 July 2018 at www.mg.co.za/article/2012-11-02-sadtu-warns-it-will-go-after-ngosGoogle Scholar
Johnson, K, ‘Lawyering for social change: what’s a lawyer to do?’ (1999) 5 Michigan Journal of Race and Law, 1, 201228Google Scholar
Jonas, O, ‘The participation of the amicus curiae institution in human rights litigation in Botswana and South Africa: a tale of two jurisdictions’ (2015) 59 Journal of African Law, 2, 329354CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, L, ‘The haves come out ahead: how cause lawyers frame the legal system for movements’ in Sarat, Austin and Scheingold, Stuart (eds.), Cause Lawyering, Political Commitments and Professional Responsibilities (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), pp. 182196Google Scholar
Jordan, J, ‘Beyond belief: police, rape and women’s credibility’ (2004) 4 Criminology and Criminal Justice, 1, 2959Google Scholar
Joubert, P, ‘Grootboom dies homeless and penniless’, Mail & Guardian, 8 August 2008, accessed 10 June 2018 at www.mg.co.za/article/2008-08-08-grootboom-dies-homeless-and-pennilessGoogle Scholar
Kabeer, N, ‘Resources, agency, achievements: reflections on the measurements of women’s empowerment’ (1999) 30 Development and Change, 3, 435464CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaersvang, D, ‘Equality courts in South Africa: legal access for the poor’ (2008) 15 The Journal of the International Institute, 2, 49Google Scholar
Kaganas, F and Murray, C, ‘The contest between culture and gender equality under South Africa’s Interim Constitution’ (1994) 21 Journal of Law and Society, 4, 409433CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaganas, F and Murray, C, ‘Law and women’s rights in South Africa: an overview’ (1994) 1 Acta Juridica, 138Google Scholar
Kaganas, F and Murray, C, ‘Rape in marriage – conjugal right or criminal wrong’ (1983) Acta Juridica, 125143Google Scholar
Kamal, H, ‘Inserting women’s rights in the Egyptian Constitution: personal reflections’ (2015) 19 Journal for Cultural Research, 2, 150161CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamat, S, ‘The privatization of public interest: theorizing NGOs’ discourse in a neoliberal era’ (2004) 11 Review of International Political Economy, 1, 155176CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamau, W, ‘Law, culture and dispute resolution: prospects for alternative dispute resolution in Africa’ (2009) 15 East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights, 2, 336360Google Scholar
Kamau, W, ‘Women judges and magistrates in Kenya: challenges, opportunities and contributions’ in Schultz, Ulrike and Shaw, Gisela (eds.), Gender and Judging (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2013)Google Scholar
Kane, M et al., Reassessing Customary Law Systems as a Vehicle for Providing Equitable Justice for the Poor, research paper (New Frontiers of Social Policy, Arusha, December 2005)Google Scholar
Karam, A M, Women, Islamisms and the State: Contemporary Feminisms in Egypt (London: Palgrave MacMillan, 1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kathree, F, ‘Public interest law: its continuing role in South Africa’ (2002) 15 Advocate, 3, 3240Google Scholar
Katy, Dealing with Rape as a ‘Hate Crime’ within the Lesbian Community, report (Pandora’s Aquarium, 2009), accessed 25 June 2018 at www.pandys.org/articles/rapeashatecrime.pdfGoogle Scholar
Kausch, K, Defenders in Retreat: Freedom of Association and Civil Society in Egypt, working paper (Madrid: Fride, April 2009)Google Scholar
Keck, M and Sikkink, K, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Borders (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998)Google Scholar
Keehn, E, The Equality Courts as a Tool for Gender Transformation (Cape Town: Sonke Gender Justice Network, 2010)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, L, Routes to (In)Justice: A Research Review on the Reporting, Investigation and Prosecution of Rape Cases, research report (London: HMCPSI, 2002)Google Scholar
Kenney, S, Gender and Justice: Why Women in the Judiciary Really Matter (New York: Routledge, 2013)Google Scholar
Kerber, K et al., ‘South African child deaths 1990–2011: have HIV services reversed the trend enough to meet Millennium Development Goal 4?’ (2013) 27 AIDS, 16, 26372648CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kettel, B, ‘Challenging the margin: gender equality and the UN reform process’ (2007) 28 Third World Quarterly, 5, 871886CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khamis, S, ‘The Arab “feminist” spring?’ (2011) 37 Feminist Studies, 3, 692695CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kholofelo, M, ‘Challenges and achievement with regard to woman and child abuse prevention by the South African Police Services’ (2016) 4 Sociology and Anthropology, 1, 610CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, J and Motsei, M, ‘“Women enjoy punishment”: attitudes and experiences of gender-based violence among PHC nurses in rural South Africa’ (2002) 54 Social Science and Medicine, 8, 12431254CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kimble, J and Unterhalter, E, ‘“We opened the road for you, you must go forward”: ANC women’s struggles, 1912–1982’ (1982) 12 Feminist Review, 1135CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kingham, T and Coe, J, The Good Campaigns Guide: Campaigning for Impact, report (NCVO Publications, 2005)Google Scholar
Klaaren, J, ‘The cost of justice’ (2014) 7 The Salon, 2125, accessed 23 June 2018 at www.jwtc.org.za/resources/docs/salon-volume-7/6_TheSalon_Vol7.pdfGoogle Scholar
Klug, H, The Constitution of South Africa: A Contextual Analysis (UK: Hart Publishing, 2010)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Korte, M, ‘Judges matter: transforming the judiciary’, GroundUp,15 July 2014, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.groundup.org.za/article/judges-matter-transforming-judiciary_1999/Google Scholar
Krishnan, J K, ‘Lawyering for a cause and experiences from abroad’ (March 2006) 94 California Law Review, 2, 575616CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kruger, R, ‘Sex work from a feminist perspective: a visit to the Jordan case’ (2004) 20 South African Journal on Human Rights, 1, 138150CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kruger, T et al., Making South Africa Safe: A Manual for Community-based Crime Prevention, research report (The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, 2016)Google Scholar
Kuumba, M, Gender and Social Movements (Jaipur: Rawat Publications, 2003)Google Scholar
Lake, M, Strong NGOs and Weak States: Pursuing Gender Justice in the Democratic Republic of Congo and South Africa (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lamble, L, ‘UN Women report: access to justice in Botswana’, The Guardian, 6 July 2011, accessed 3 June 2018 at www.theguardian.com/global-development/poverty-matters/2011/jul/06/un-women-justice-botswanaGoogle Scholar
Lancaster, L et al., Assault and Sexual Offences: Overview of the Official Statistics 2014/15, research report (Institute for Security Studies, September 2015)Google Scholar
Lawyers for Human Rights, ‘Police failure to assist complainants in terms of the Domestic Violence Act is misconduct and a disciplinable offence’, press release, 2017, accessed 25 June 2018 at www.lhr.org.za/news/2017/press-release-police-failure-assist-complainants-terms-domestic-violence-act-misconduct-anGoogle Scholar
Lawyers without Borders, Strategic Litigation of Human Rights Abuses: A Guidebook for Legal Practitioners from the Commonwealth Caribbean (Quebec City and Kingston: Lawyers without Borders, 2014)Google Scholar
Lea, J and Stemson, K, ‘Security, sovereignty and non-state governance “from below”’ (2007) 22 Canadian Journal of Law and Society, 2, 927CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehnert, W, ‘The role of the courts in the conflict between African customary law and human rights’ (2005) 21 South African Journal on Human Rights, 2, 241277CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lemaire, K L et al., ‘Labelling sexual victimization experiences: the role of sexism, rape myth acceptance and tolerance for sexual harassment’ (2016) 31 Violence and Victims, 2, 332346CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leonard, L, ‘Characterising civil society and its challenges in post-apartheid South Africa’ (2014) 40 Social Dynamics, 2, 371391CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leveraging the SDGs for Inclusive Growth: Delivering Access to Justice for All, issue brief (OECD and Open Society Foundation, 11 September 2016)Google Scholar
Liamputtong, P, Doing Cross-Cultural Research: Ethical and Methodological Perspectives (Dordrecht: Springer, 2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Logan, T et al., ‘Protective orders in rural and urban areas: a multiple perspective study’ (2005) 11 Violence Against Women, 7, 876911CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Londono, E, ‘In Egypt, NGO crackdown and draft law have chilling effect’, The Washington Post, 11 February 2012, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/in-egypt-ngo-crackdown-and-draft-law-have-chilling-effect/2012/02/11/gIQANO9b6Q_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.c41b1cdbca8cGoogle Scholar
Longwe, S, ‘Breaking the patriarchal alliance: governments, bi-laterals, and NGOs’ (1994) 2 Gender and Development, 3, 6269CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Longwe, S, ‘Case study: legal action to stop hotels discriminating against women in Zambia’ (2011) 15 Feminist Africa, 83104Google Scholar
Lovaglia, M et al., ‘Negotiated exchanges in social networks’ (1995) 74 Social Forces, 1, 123155CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyon, E et al., Meeting Survivors’ Needs: A Multi-state Study of Domestic Violence Shelter Experiences (National Institute of Justice, October 2008)Google Scholar
Mabandla, B, ‘Women in South Africa and the Constitution-making process’ in Peters, Julie and Wolper, Andrea (eds.), Women’s Rights, Human Rights: International Feminist Perspectives (New York: Routledge 1995), pp. 6771Google Scholar
Maboe, M, ‘Strategies to tackle rape and violence against women in South Africa’ in Center for Women’s Global Leadership (ed.), Gender Violence and Women’s Human Rights in Africa (New Brunswick, NJ: Douglass College, Center for Women’s Global Leadership, 1994), pp. 3037Google Scholar
MacCrate, R, ‘“The lost lawyer” regained: the abiding values of legal profession’ (1996) 100 Dickinson Law Review, 587Google Scholar
Mackinnon, C, Toward a Feminist Theory of the State (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991)Google Scholar
Mackinnon, C, Women’s Lives Men’s Laws (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005)Google Scholar
Maclean, M and Eekelaar, J, Family Law Advocacy: How Barristers Help the Victims of Family Failure (Oxford and Portland, OR: Hart Publishing, 2009)Google Scholar
Madlingozi, T, ‘Post-apartheid social movements and legal mobilisation’ in Langford, Malcolm et al. (eds.), Socio-economic Rights in South Africa: Symbols or Substance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014), pp. 92130Google Scholar
Madsen, Peter, ‘Rebellious women – discourses and tests: Shari’a, civil rights and penal law’ in Christoffersen, Lisbet and Nielson, Jørgen S. (eds.), Shari’a As Discourse: Legal Traditions and the Encounter with Europe (London and New York: Routledge, 2016), pp. 217236Google Scholar
Mahmud, S, ‘Actually how empowering is microcredit?’ (2003) 34 Development and Change, 4, 577605CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Makhafola, G, ‘Too few women appointed to judiciary’, IOL, 7 December 2016, accessed 17 June 2018 at www.iol.co.za/news/politics/too-few-women-appointed-to-judiciary-7119871Google Scholar
Malecha, A et al., ‘Applying for and dropping a protection order: a study with 150 women’ (2003) 14 Criminal Justice Policy Review, 4, 486504CrossRefGoogle Scholar
‘Malema pays R50 000 fine for rape remark’, News24, 8 August 2011, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Politics/Malema-pays-R50-000-fine-for-rape-remark-20110808Google Scholar
Malleson, K and Russell, P H (eds.), Appointing Judges in an Age of Judicial Power – Critical Perspectives from Around the World (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maneta, R, ‘The public weighs in on “adolescent sex” bill’, Live South Africa, 6 March 2015, accessed 17 June 2018 at www.livemag.co.za/live-regulars/public-weighs-adolescent-sex-bill/Google Scholar
Manji, A, ‘Imagining women’s “legal world”: towards a feminist theory of legal pluralism in Africa’ (1999) 8 Social Legal Studies, 4, 435455CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manjoo, R, ‘Case study: the Commission for Gender Equality, South Africa: promotion and protection of gender equality – are separate structures necessary?’ (July 2005) 14 Griffith Law Review, 2, 268279CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marcus, G and Budlender, S, A Strategic Evaluation of Public Interest Litigation in South Africa, research report (The Atlantic Philanthropies, 2008)Google Scholar
Marcussen, H, ‘NGOs, the state and civil society’ (1996) 23 Review of African Political Economy, 69, 405423CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Margulies, P, ‘Political lawyering, one person at a time: the challenge of legal work against domestic violence for the impact litigation/client service debate’ (1996) 3 Michigan Journal of Gender and Law, 2, 493514Google Scholar
Marroushi, N, Violence Against Women in Egypt: Prospects for Improving Police Response, report (Saferworld, June 2015)Google Scholar
Marsden, P, ‘Restricted access in networks and models of power’ (1983) 88 American Journal of Sociology, 4, 686717CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martabano, A and O’Sullivan, M, ‘“Three steps forward, two steps back”: legal activism for women’s rights in South Africa’ (2004) 60 Agenda, 5561Google Scholar
Mason, K, ‘Measuring women’s empowerment: learning from cross-national research’ in Narayan, Deepa (ed.), Measuring Empowerment: Cross Disciplinary Perspectives (Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2005), pp. 89102Google Scholar
Mashele, P, ‘Traditional leadership in South Africa’s new democracy’ (2004) 31 Review of African Political Economy, 100, 349354Google Scholar
Mathews, S et al., Every Six Hours a Woman Is Killed by her Intimate Partner, Policy Brief (Medical Research Centre, 2004)Google Scholar
Matuba, M, ‘Know your rights – use the law to save a life’, Daily Maverick, 8 December 2017, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2017-12-08-know-your-rights-use-the-law-to-save-a-life/#.Wy-qWqczbIVGoogle Scholar
Maughan, K, ‘Malema in hot water over rape claims’, IOL, 26 May 2009, accessed 17 June 2018 at www.iol.co.za/news/politics/malema-in-hot-water-over-rape-claims-444435Google Scholar
May, C, ‘Substantive gender equality, sex work and the assumptions of S v Jordan: in pursuit of equality in South Africa’ in Mudarikwa, Mandivavarira et al. (eds.), Pursuit of Equality in South Africa (Johannesburg: Synergetic Fast Services, 2017).Google Scholar
Mbondenyi, M and Ojienda, T (eds.), Constitutionalism and Democratic Governance in Africa: Contemporary Perspectives from Sub-Saharan Africa (Pretoria: Pretoria University Law Press, 2013)Google Scholar
McClintock, A, ‘No longer in a future heaven: women and nationalism in South Africa’ (1991) 51 Transition, 104123CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGann, J, ‘Pushback against NGOs in Egypt’ (2008) 10 International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law, 4, 2942Google Scholar
McKaiser, E, ‘Not white enough, not black enough’, The New York Times, 15 February 2012, accessed 20 July 2018 at https://latitude.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/15/in-south-africa-after-apartheid-colored-community-is-the-big-loser/?_r=0Google Scholar
Mcloughlin, C, ‘Factors affecting state-non-governmental organization relations in service provision: key themes from the literature’ (2001) 31 Public Administration and Development, 4, 240251CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNeely, N and Robinson-Simpson, G, ‘The truth about domestic violence: a falsely framed issue’ (1987) 32 Social Work, 6, 485490CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNeely, R L and Robinson-Simpson, G, ‘The truth about domestic violence: a falsely framed issue’ (1987) 32 Social Work, 6, 485490CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McQuoid-Mason, D, ‘Access to justice in South Africa’ (1999) 17 The Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice, 230246Google Scholar
McQuoid-Mason, D, ‘The delivery of civil legal aid services in South Africa’ (2000) 24 Fordham International Law Journal, 6, 111142Google Scholar
McQuoid-Mason, D, ‘Delivery of legal aid services in developing countries’ in Dias, Ayesha Kadwani and Welch, Gita Honwana (eds.), Justice for the Poor: Perspectives on Accelerating Access (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), pp. 449482Google Scholar
Medie, P, ‘Fighting gender-based violence: the women’s movement and the enforcement of rape law in Liberia’ (2013) 112 African Affairs, 448, 377397CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meerkotter, A (ed.), Using the Courts to Protect Vulnerable People: Perspectives from the Judiciary and Legal Profession in Botswana, Malawi, and Zambia (Southern Africa Litigation Centre and others, 2015)Google Scholar
Meghahed, N and Lack, S, ‘Colonial legacy, women’s rights and gender-educational inequality in the Arab World with particular reference to Egypt and Tunisia’ (2011) 57 International Review of Education, 3/4, 397418CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meintjes, S, ‘The politics of engagement: women transforming the police process – domestic violence legislation in South Africa’ in Goetz, Anne Marie and Hassim, Shireen (eds.), No Shortcuts to Power: African Women in Politics and Policy Making (London and New York: Zed Books, 2003), pp. 110139Google Scholar
Meintjes, S, ‘The women’s struggle for equality during South Africa’s transition to democracy’ (1996) 30 Transformation, 4763Google Scholar
Menkel-Meadow, C, ‘The causes of cause lawyering’ in Sarat, Austin and Scheingold, Stuart (eds.), Cause Lawyering, Political Commitments and Professional Responsibilities (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), pp. 3161CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menski, W, Comparative Law in a Global Context: the Legal Systems of Asia and Africa (London: Platinum, 2000)Google Scholar
Mercer, C, ‘Reconceptualizing state-society relations in Tanzania: are NGOs “making a difference”?’ (1999) 31 Area, 3, 247258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merry, S, Human Rights and Gender Violence: Translating International Law into Local Justice (Chicago, IL: University Of Chicago Press, 2006)Google Scholar
Merry, S, ‘Rights, religion, and community: approaches to violence against women in the context of globalization’ (2003) 35 Law and Society Review, 1, 3988CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merten, M, ‘Parliament: national minimum wage bill will not be rushed’, The Daily Maverick, 23 March 2018, accessed 6 June 2018 at www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2018-03-23-parliament-national-minimum-wage-bill-will-not-be-rushed/#.Wx_snkiFPIUGoogle Scholar
Merten, M, ‘Parliament: Opt-out, Traditional Courts Bill supports “most hated clause”’, Daily Maverick, 19 March 2018, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2018-03-19-parliament-opt-out-traditional-courts-bill-supporters-most-hated-clause/#.WzhCmNIzbIUGoogle Scholar
Meyer, M, ‘The plaintiff as person: cause lawyering, human subject research, and the secret agent problem’ (15 July 2012) 119 Harvard Law Review, 5, 15101532Google Scholar
Meyer, M and Prugal, E (eds.), Gender Politics in Global Governance (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 1999)Google Scholar
Michaels, R, ‘Re-statement of non-state law: the state, choice of law and the challenge from global legal pluralism’ (2005) 51 Wayne Law Review, 12091259Google Scholar
Mikell, G, African Feminism: The Politics of Survival in Sub-Saharan Africa (Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, S, ‘Consent and coercion in the law of rape in South Africa: a feminist transformative approach’ (2010) 28 Canadian Women’s Studies, 1, 8189Google Scholar
Miller, S, ‘Reforming the law of rape in South Africa’ in McGlynn, Clare and Munro, Vanessa E (eds.), Rethinking Rape Law: International and Comparative Perspectives (London: Routledge 2010)Google Scholar
Miller, S, Victims as Offenders: The Paradox of Women’s Violence in Relationships (New Brunswick, NJ and London: Rutgers University Press, 2005)Google Scholar
Mills, S, Language and Sexism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010)Google Scholar
Milton, J, South African Criminal Law and Procedure, 3rd edition (South Africa: Juta, 1996)Google Scholar
Mkhize, S, ‘A victory for the rights of women in rural South Africa’, Open Society Foundations, 7 May 2014, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.opensocietyfoundations.org/voices/victory-rights-women-rural-south-africaGoogle Scholar
Moffett, H, ‘These women, they force us to rape them: rape as narrative of social control in post-apartheid South Africa’ (2006) 32 Journal of Southern African Studies, 1, 129144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moghadam, V, Globalizing Women: Transnational Feminist Networks (Baltimore, MD and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohamed, R, ‘Women and the Arab Spring: tough choices to make’, Open Democracy, 25 October 2013, accessed 25 June 2018 at www.opendemocracy.net/arab-awakening/reem-mohamed/women-and-arab-spring-tough-choices-to-makeGoogle Scholar
Mohsen, M, ‘No reconciliation with terrorists’, Daily News Egypt, 21 August 2013, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/08/21/no-reconciliation-with-terrorists-ncw/Google Scholar
Moore, D, Civil Society Under Threat: Common Legal Barriers and Potential Responses, report (European Parliament, 2006) EP/ExPol/B/2006/30Google Scholar
Moore, S, Law as Process, an Anthropological Approach, 2nd edition (Oxford: James Curreys, 2000)Google Scholar
Morabe, B, ‘The equality court explained’, Polity, 19 May 2011, accessed 28 June 2018 at www.polity.org.za/article/the-equality-court-explained-2011-05-19Google Scholar
Morris, H and Read, J (eds.), Indirect Rule and the Search for Justice (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972)Google Scholar
Mosleh, H et al., Advancing Egyptian Society by Ending Violence Against Women, policy brief (Population Reference Bureau, May 2015)Google Scholar
Moult, K, ‘Providing a sense of justice: informal mechanisms for dealing with domestic violence’ (2005) 12 South Africa Crime Quarterly, 1, 1924Google Scholar
Moustafa, T, ‘Law versus the state: the judicialization of politics in Egypt’ (2003) 28 Law and Society Inquiry, 4, 883930CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moyo, , ‘Regulation or strangulation? NGO laws in Africa, part 1: South Africa’, Mail & Guardian, 5 October 2008, accessed 20 July 2017 at www.thoughtleader.co.za/bhekinkosimoyo/2008/10/05/regulation-or-strangulation-ngo-laws-in-africa-part-1-south-africaGoogle Scholar
Mubangizi, J, The Protection of Human Rights in South Africa: A Legal and Practical Guide (Lansdowne: Juta, 2004)Google Scholar
Muholi, Z, ‘Thinking through lesbian rape’ (2004) 61 Agenda: Empowering Women for Gender Equity, 61, 116125Google Scholar
Mujuzi, J, ‘Protocol to the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa: South Africa’s reservations and interpretative declarations’ (2008) 12 Law, Democracy and Development, 2, 4162Google Scholar
Mulugeta, Y, ‘Public interest litigation as practiced by South African human rights NGOs: any lessons for Ethiopia’, LLM Thesis (University of Pretoria, 2005)Google Scholar
Munger, F, ‘The cause lawyer’s cause’ in Ellman, Stephen, Klug, Heinz and Andrews, Penelope (eds.), For Martin Chanock: Essays on Law and Society (Annandale, NSW: The Federation Press, 2010), pp. 95106Google Scholar
Mushota, L, International Law, Women’s Rights and the Courts: A Zambian in Using Courts to Protect Vulnerable People, research paper (Southern Africa Litigation Centre and others, 2004)Google Scholar
Mutua, M, ‘Savages, victims and saviors: the metaphor of human rights’ (2001) 42 Harvard International Law Journal, 1, 201246Google Scholar
Myers, J, Indirect Rule in South Africa: Tradition, Modernity and the Costuming of Political Power (New York: University of Rochester Press, 2008)Google Scholar
Nagar, R and Raju, S, ‘Women, NGOs and the contradictions of empowerment and disempowerment: a conversation’ (2003) 35 Antipode, 1, 113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Naidu, E and Mkhiz, N, ‘Gender-based violence: the lesbian and gay experience’ (2005) 19 Agenda, 66, 3438Google Scholar
‘Nazra bids farewell to its office and continues its work’, press release, Nazra for Feminist Studies, 16 March 2018, accessed 17 July 2018 at www.nazra.org/en/2018/03/nazra-bids-farewell-its-office-and-continues-its-workGoogle Scholar
Ndegwa, S, The Two Faces of Civil Society: NGOs and Politics in Africa (West Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press, 1996)Google Scholar
Ndulo, M, ‘African customary law, customs, and women’s rights’ (2011) 11 Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 1, 87120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nejima, S, ‘Pakistan: regulations and potentiality in a fragmented society’ in Shigetomi, Shinichi (ed.), The State and NGOs: Perspective from Asia (Singapore: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute, 2002), pp. 94109Google Scholar
Nell, D, ‘The rainbow nation and its strange racial terminology’, MacMillan Dictionary Blog, 28 June 2010, accessed 20 July 2018 at www.macmillandictionaryblog.com/bastaardGoogle Scholar
NGOPulse, ‘16 days of activism against women and children abuse’, NGOPulse, 23 November 2017, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.ngopulse.org/article/2017/11/23/16-days-activism-against-women-and-children-abuseGoogle Scholar
Nhlapo, T, ‘Cultural diversity, human rights and the family in contemporary Africa: lessons from the South African Constitutional debate’ (1995) 9 International Journal of Law and the Family, 2, 208225CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nhlapo, T, ‘Customary law in post-apartheid South Africa: The vexed question of cultural diversity, women’s rights, “living law”, and appropriate law reform’ (2014) New York Law Review, accessed 20 July 2018 at www.nylslawreview.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/2014/11/Nhlapo.pdfGoogle Scholar
Nhlapo, T, ‘Indigenous law and gender in South Africa: taking human rights and cultural diversity seriously’ (1995) 13 Third World Legal Studies, 4971Google Scholar
Nhlapo, T, ‘International protection of human rights and the family: Africa variations on a common theme’ (1989) 3 International Journal of Law and Family, 1, 120CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nicolson, G, ‘Gender-based violence: concerns raised over reduction in funding for sexual offences courts’, Daily Maverick, 19 May 2017, accessed 4 June 2018 at www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-05-19-gender-based-violence-concerns-raised-over-reduction-in-funding-for-sexual-offences-courts/#.WxlDj0iFPIUGoogle Scholar
Nielsen, M L, ‘From practice to police, and back: emerging lessons from working with community-based justice mechanisms in Helmand, Afghanistan’ in Albrecht, Peter et al. (eds.), Perspectives on Involving Non-State and Customary Actors in Justice and Security Reform (Rome: International Development Law Organization, 2011), pp. 159177Google Scholar
Nolde, J, ‘South African women under apartheid: domestic service and forms of resistance to promote change’ (1991) 10 Third World Legal Studies, 203223Google Scholar
Nullis, C, ‘New rape laws to help protect victims’, The Mail & Guardian, 14 December 2007, accessed 6 June 2018 at www.mg.co.za/article/2007-12-14-new-rape-laws-to-help-protect-victimsGoogle Scholar
Nutley, S et al., Using Evidence: How Research can inform Public Services (Bristol: Policy Press, 2007)Google Scholar
Nzegwu, N, Family Matters: Feminist Concepts in African Philosophy of Culture (New York: State University of New York Press, 2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Connor, J, ‘“NGO”: the guise of innocence’ (2012) 5 Irish Foreign Affairs, 1, 58Google Scholar
O’Neill, A, ‘Strategic litigation before the European Courts’ (2015) 16 ERA Forum, 4, 495509CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oagile, B and Dingake, J, ‘The role of the judiciary and the legal profession in protecting the rights of 18 vulnerable groups in Botswana’ in Meerkotter, Anneke (ed.), Using the Courts to Protect Vulnerable People: Perspectives from the Judiciary and Legal Profession in Botswana, Malawi, and Zambia (Southern Africa Litigation Centre and others, 2015), pp. 1824Google Scholar
Okharedia, A, ‘The emergence of alternative dispute resolution in South Africa: a lesson for other African countries’, 6th IIRA African Regional Congress of Industrial Relations, Lagos, Nigeria (January 2011)Google Scholar
Oloka-Onyango, J, ‘Modern-day missionaries or misguided miscreant? NGOs, the women’s movement and the promotion of human rights in Africa’ in Benedek, Wolfgang et al. (eds.), Human Rights of Women: International Instruments and African Experiences (London: Zed Books, 2002), pp. 286294Google Scholar
One in Nine Campaign, Rape Survivors’ Guide to the Criminal Justice System in South Africa (2012)Google Scholar
Onyejekwe, C, ‘The interrelationship between gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS in South Africa’ (2004) 6 Journal of International Women’s Studies, 1, 3440Google Scholar
Oomen, B, Chiefs in South Africa: Law, Power and Culture in the Post-Apartheid Era (USA: Palgrave, 2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Open Society Foundation, Justice Sector and the Rule of Law (South Africa: Open Society Foundation, 2005)Google Scholar
Osório, C, ‘The justice delivery system: a crossroads’, WLSA, July 2003, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.wlsa.org.mz/article-the-justice-delivery-system-a-crossroads/Google Scholar
Oyewumi, O, The Invention of Women: Making an African Sense of Western Gender Discourses (Minneapolis, MN and London: University of Minnesota Press, 1997), pp. 21157Google Scholar
Pagelow, M, Family Violence (New York, Westport, CT and London: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1984)Google Scholar
Palitza, K, Traditional Leaders Wield the Power, and They Are Almost All Men: The Importance of Involving Traditional Leaders in Gender Transformation, research report (Sonke Gender Justice Network, October 2010)Google Scholar
‘Pants ban prohibited in Umlazi’, News24, 9 April 2008, accessed 18 June 2018 at www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Pants-ban-prohibited-in-Umlazi-20080409Google Scholar
Parliament of the Republic of South Africa, ‘Police committee chair proposes eight measures to deal with gender violence’, press release, 21 November 2017, accessed 25 June 2018 at www.parliament.gov.za/press-releases/police-committee-chair-proposes-eight-measures-deal-gender-violenceGoogle Scholar
‘Parliamentarian calls for toughening penalties of anal rape’, Egypt Today, 17 December 2017, accessed 1 June 2018 at www.egypttoday.com/Article/2/37218/Parliamentarian-calls-for-toughening-penalties-of-anal-rapeGoogle Scholar
‘Parliamentary 25–30 bloc calls on Sisi not to ratify new “restrictive” NGO Law’, Ahram Online, 1 December 2016, accessed 17 July 2018 at http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/0/251089/Egypt/0/-Parliamentary--bloc-calls-on-Sisi-not-to-ratify-n.aspxGoogle Scholar
Parpart, J et al. (eds.), Rethinking Empowerment: Gender and Development in a Global/Local World (London and New York: Routledge, 2002),Google Scholar
Parry-Williams, J, ‘Scaling-up via Legal Reform in Uganda’ in Edwards, M and Hulme, D (eds.), Making a Difference: NGOs and Development in a Changing World (London: Earthscan Publications, 1992), pp. 8998Google Scholar
Patel, P, ‘Realising the full potential of civil and political rights for marginalized populations in African Countries’ in Meerkotter, Anneke (ed.), Using the Courts to Protect Vulnerable People: Perspectives from the Judiciary and Legal Profession in Botswana, Malawi, and Zambia (Southern Africa Litigation Centre and others, 2015), pp. 3946Google Scholar
Patel, P and Ezer, T, Advancing Public Health Through Strategic Litigation: Lessons from Five Countries, research report (Open Society Foundations, 2016)Google Scholar
Patton, M, Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (USA: Sage Publications, 2002)Google Scholar
Pauw, I and Brener, L, ‘“You are just whores: you can’t be raped”: barriers to safer sex among women street sex workers in Cape Town’ (2003) 5 Culture, Health and Sexuality, 6, 465481CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pelad, E et al., ‘Choice and empowerment for battered women who stay: toward a constructive model’ (2000) 45 Social Work, 1, 925CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penal Reform International, Access to Justice in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of Traditional and Informal Justice Systems (UK: Penal Reform International, 2000)Google Scholar
Perelman, J, ‘The way ahead? Access-to-justice, public interest lawyering and the right to legal aid in South Africa’ (2005) 41 Stanford Journal of International Law, 2, 357400Google Scholar
Pick, S et al., ‘NGO-Government partnerships for scaling-up: sexuality education in Mexico’ (2008) 18 Development in Practice, 2, 164175CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pickup, F et al., Ending Violence against Women (Oxford: Oxfam, 2001)Google Scholar
Pillay, D, ‘Public interest Law in South Africa’, Oxford Human Rights Hub, 15 May 2013, based on the 11th Victoria and Griffiths Mxenge Memorial Lecture, delivered at UKZN in May 2013, accessed 3 June 2018 at http://ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/public-interest-law-in-south-africa/Google Scholar
Pithey, B et al., ‘Gender-based violence in South Africa: a submission to the Universal Periodic Review’ (Shukumisa, 2016)Google Scholar
‘Police, NGO team up to fight human trafficking’, News24, 4 October 2016, accessed 7 July 2018 at www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/police-ngo-team-up-to-fight-human-trafficking-20161004Google Scholar
Pollack, S, ‘Reconceptualising women’s agency and empowerment: challenges to self-esteem discourse and women’s lawbreaking’ (2000) 12 Women and Criminal Justice, 1, 7589CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollard, A and Court, J, ‘How civil society organizations use evidence to influence policy processes’ in Bebbington, Anthony et al. (eds.), Can NGOs Make a Difference? The Challenge of Development Alternatives (London and New York: Zed Books, 2008), pp. 133153Google Scholar
POWA, Breaking the Silence, Stories from the Other(ed) Women, research report (POWA Women’s Writing Project, 2009)Google Scholar
Priaulx, N, ‘Testing the margin of appreciation: therapeutic abortion, reproductive “rights” and the intriguing case of Tysiąc v. Poland (2008) 15 European Journal of Health Law, 4, 361379CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ptacek, J (ed.), Restorative Justice and Violence against Women (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quansah, E, ‘Custody of children: customary principles in Ghana and Nigeria’ (1991) 17 Commonwealth Law Bulletin, 1, 347355CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rackley, E, Women, Judging and the Judiciary: From Difference to Diversity (Oxon: Routledge, 2013)Google Scholar
Raeba, M and Rocha, J, Campaigns to End Violence Against Women and Girls, research report (UN Women, December 2011)Google Scholar
Ramotsho, K, ‘Sexual Offences Act reviewed’, De Rebus: Law Society of South Africa, 1 February 2018, accessed 25 June 2018 at www.derebus.org.za/sexual-offences-act-reviewed/Google Scholar
Randell, M, ‘Refugee law and state accountability for violence against women: a comparative analysis of legal approaches to recognizing asylum claims based on gender persecution’ (2002) 25 Harvard Women’s Law Journal, 281318Google Scholar
Rani, R, Bonu, S and Diop-Sidibe, N, ‘An empirical investigation of attitudes towards wife-beating among men and women in seven Sub-Saharan African Countries’ (2004) 8 African Journal of Reproductive Health, 3, 116136CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reda, L, ‘Introducing Egypt’s strategy to combat violence against women’, Egypt Today, 3 December 2017, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.egypttoday.com/Article/2/35200/Introducing-Egypt%E2%80%99s-strategy-to-combat-violence-against-womenGoogle Scholar
Redman, R, ‘Litigating for gender equality: the amicus curiae role of the sex discrimination commissioner’ (2004) 27 University of New South Wales Law Journal, 3, 849957Google Scholar
Regan, L and Kelly, L, Rape: Still a Forgotten Issue, briefing document (Europe: Rape Crisis Network, 2003)Google Scholar
Reid, G, ‘The Traditional Courts Bill threatens LGBT South Africans’, Human Rights Watch, 29 May 2012, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.hrw.org/news/2012/05/29/traditional-courts-bill-threatens-lgbt-south-africansGoogle Scholar
Rhode, D, Access to Justice (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004)Google Scholar
Rhode, D, ‘Whatever happened to access to justice?’ (2008–2009) 42 Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review, 869912Google Scholar
Ricciutelli, L et al. (eds.), Feminist Politics, Activism and Vision: Local and Global Challenges (London: Inanna Publications, 2004)Google Scholar
Riskin, L, ‘Mediation and lawyers’ (1982) 43 Ohio State Law Journal, 2960.Google Scholar
Rittenhouse, R, The Due Diligence Obligation to Prevent Violence Against Women: The Case of Pakistan, legal report (New York: Human Rights Foundation, 22 December 2011),Google Scholar
Roa, M and Klugman, B, ‘Considering strategic litigation as an advocacy tool: a case study of the defence of reproductive rights in Colombia’ (2014) 22 Reproductive Health Matters, 44, 3141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, A and Burman, S, ‘National survey on empowerment strategies, crisis intervention and cognitive problem-solving therapy with battered women’ in Roberts, Albert R. (ed.) Battered Women and Their Families: Intervention Strategies and Treatment Programs, 3rd edition (New York: Springer Publishing Company, 2007)Google Scholar
Roberts, S, ‘Law and the study of social control in small-scale societies’ (1976) 39 The Modern Law Review, 6, 663679Google Scholar
Roberts, S, ‘Three models of family mediation’ in Dingwall, Robert and Eekelaar, Jon (eds.), Divorce Mediation and the Legal Process (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988), pp. 144149Google Scholar
Roberts, S and Palmers, M, Dispute Processes: ADR and the Primary Forms of Decision-Making, 2nd edition (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roehrs, S, ‘Half-hearted HIV-related services for victims’ in Artz, Lillian and Smythe, Dee (eds.), Should We Consent? Rape Law Reform in South Africa (Cape Town: Juta, 2008), pp. 175197Google Scholar
Ross, R, A Concise History of South Africa (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999)Google Scholar
Rowe, C J, ‘Cyberfeminism inaction’ in Grey, Sandra and Sawer, Marian (eds.), Women’s Movements: Flourishing or in Abeyance (London: Routledge, 2008), pp. 128140Google Scholar
Rowlands, J, ‘Empowerment examined’ (1995) 5 Development in Practice, 2, 101107CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rowlands, J, ‘A word of the times, but what does it mean? Empowerment in the discourse and practice of development’ in Afshar, Haleh (ed.), Women and Empowerment: Illustrations from the Third World (London: St. Martin’s Press, 1998), pp. 1134CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruffner, T, Under Threat: Egypt’s Systematic Campaign Against NGOs, research report (POMED: Project on Middle East and Democracy, March 2015)Google Scholar
Rutherford, B K, Egypt after Mubarak: Liberalism, Islam, and Democracy in the Arab World (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008)Google Scholar
Saccuzzo, D, ‘How should the police respond to domestic violence: a therapeutic jurisprudence analysis of mandatory arrest’ (1998–1999) 39 Santa Clara Law Review, 3, 765787Google Scholar
Sachs, A, ‘Concluding comments on the panel discussion’ (2007) 8 ESR Review, 1, 1720Google Scholar
Sachs, A, The Strange Alchemy of Life and Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakr, N, ‘Seen and starting to be heard: women and the Arab media in a decade of change’ (2002) 69 Social Research, 3, 821850CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samir, N, ‘State Council postpones reviewing challenge to female judge ban’, Daily News Egypt, 15 November 2017, accessed 15 June 2018 at www.dailynewsegypt.com/2017/11/15/state-council-postpones-reviewing-challenge-female-judge-ban/Google Scholar
Samodien, L, ‘“Black widow” wins appeal against sentence’, IOL, 23 December 2011, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.iol.co.za/capetimes/black-widow-wins-appeal-against-sentence-1203843Google Scholar
Sanderfur, R (ed.), Access to Justice (Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing, 2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanderson, C, Counselling Adult Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse, 3rd edition (London and Philadelphia, PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2006)Google Scholar
Santos, B, ‘Law: a map of misreading: toward a postmodern conception of law’ (1987) 14 Journal of Law and Society, 3, 279302CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SAPS, ‘Victim empowerment service in the South African police service’, SAPS website, accessed 7 July 2018 at www.saps.gov.za/resource_centre/women_children/amended_victim_empo_service.pdfGoogle Scholar
Sarat, A and Scheingold, S, ‘Cause lawyering and the reproduction of professional authority: an introduction’ in Sarat, Austin and Scheingold, Stuart (eds.), Cause Lawyering, Political Commitments and Professional Responsibilities (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), pp. 330CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarat, A and Scheingold, S (eds.), Cause Lawyering, Political Commitments and Professional Responsibilities (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schärf, W, ‘Community justice and community policing in post-apartheid South Africa’ (2001) 32 IDS Bulletin, 1, 7482CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schetzer, L and Henderson, J, Access to Justice and Legal Needs, research report (Law and Justice Foundation of New South Wales, August 2002)Google Scholar
Schneider, E, ‘Feminism and the false dichotomy of victimization and agency’ (1993) 38 New York Law School Law Review, 387Google Scholar
Schneider, E, ‘Lesbians, gays and feminists at the bar: translating personal experience into effective legal argument – a symposium’ (1987–1988) 10 Women’s Rights Law Reporter, 2, 107142Google Scholar
Schultz, U and Shaw, G (eds.), Gender and Judging (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2013)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schuurbiers, L, ‘Women’s Rights activist Azza Soliman faces charges to possible 15 years of prison’, The International Angle, 20 November 2017, accessed 15 June 2018 at www.theinternationalangle.com/index.php/2017/11/20/womens-rights-activist-azza-soliman-faces-charges-to-possible-15-years-of-prison/Google Scholar
Segar, S, ‘Parliament may face court challenge if it delays language bill’, IOL, 19 January 2012, accessed 6 June 2018 at www.iol.co.za/dailynews/news/parliament-may-face-court-challenge-if-it-delays-language-bill-1215868Google Scholar
Seidman, G, ‘Institutional dilemmas: representation versus mobilization in the South African Gender Commission’ (2003) 29 Feminist Studies, 3, 541563Google Scholar
Seidman, G, ‘“No freedom without the women”: mobilization and gender in South Africa, 1970–1992’ (1992) 18 Signs 2, 291320CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Setzer, H, ‘Civil society on trial in Egypt: revisiting the NGO workers case’, The Washington Institute, 30 January 2018, accessed 15 June 2018 at www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/civil-society-on-trial-in-egypt-revisiting-the-ngo-workers-caseGoogle Scholar
‘Sexual Offences Courts to Open Soon’, News24, 18 April 2013, accessed 20 July 2018 at www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Sexual-offences-courts-to-open-soon-20130418Google Scholar
Shah, H, ‘Brutality by acid: utilizing Bangladesh as a model to fight acid violence in Pakistan’ (2008–2009) 26 Wisconsin International Law Journal, 11721199Google Scholar
Shahin, M and El-Ghazaly, Y, ‘The impact of notions of nationalism on women’s rights in Egypt’ (2017) 17 Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism, 2, 178179CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharafeddine, F, ‘Discrimination against women in the nationality law: its impact on Lebanese families and issues of national integration’ (December 2017) 17 The Peace Building in Lebanon, 15Google Scholar
Sharafeldin, M, ‘Personal status law reform between Islamic and international human rights law’ in Mir-Hosseini, Ziba et al. (eds.), Gender and Equality in Muslim Family Law: Justice and Ethics in the Islamic Legal Traditions (London and New York: I B Tauris 2013), pp. 5781Google Scholar
Sheldon, K, ‘Women and revolution in Mozambique’ in Tetreault, M (ed.), Women and Revolution in Africa, Asia and the New World (Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 1994), pp. 3361Google Scholar
Sherwood, H, ‘Human rights groups face global crackdown “not seen in a generation”’, The Guardian, 26 August 2015, accessed 2 June 2018 at www.theguardian.com/law/2015/aug/26/ngos-face-restrictions-laws-human-rights-generationGoogle Scholar
Shukumisa, Monitoring the Implementation of Sexual Offences Legislation and Policy, research report (Tshwaranang Legal Advocacy Centre and others, 2010)Google Scholar
Shukumisa, Monitoring the Implementation of Sexual Offences Legislation, research report (Tshwaranang Legal Advocacy Centre and others, 2013–2014)Google Scholar
Shukumisa, Sexual Violence, Calling the System to Account, research report (Tshwaranang Legal Advocacy Centre and Others, 2010)Google Scholar
SIDA, Preventing and Responding to Gender-Based Violence: Expressions and Strategies, research report (2015)Google Scholar
Sika, N and Khodary, Y, ‘One step forward, two steps back? Egyptian women within the confines of authoritarianism’ (2012) 13 Journal of International Women’s Studies, 5, 91100Google Scholar
Silova, I, ‘Contested alliances: international NGOs and authoritarian governments in the era of globalization’ (2007–2008) 10 Current Issues in Comparative Education, 1/2, 2631Google Scholar
Simmons, B A, Mobilizing for Human Rights: International Law in Domestic Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, R M, ‘Un-ringing the bell: McGowan on oppressive speech and the asymmetric pliability of conversations’ (2013) 91 Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 3, 555575CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skard, T, Continent of Mothers Continent of Hope (London and New York: Zed Books, 2003)Google Scholar
Skelton, A, ‘The role of the courts in ensuring the right to a basic education in a democratic South Africa: a critical evaluation of recent education case law’ (2014) 46 De Jure, 1, 123Google Scholar
Slye, R, ‘International law, human rights beneficiaries and South Africa: some thoughts on the utility of international human rights law’ (2001) 2 Chicago Journal of International Law, 1, 5979Google Scholar
Smart, C, Feminism and the Power of Law (New York: Routledge, 1998)Google Scholar
Smith, D, ‘South Africa searches for solution after teenage girl’s gang rape and murder’, The Guardian, 13 February 2013, accessed 20 July 2018 at www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/feb/13/south-africa-rape-murderGoogle Scholar
Smyth, R, ‘Academic writing and the courts: a quantitative study of the influence of legal and non-legal periodicals in the High Court’ (1999) 166 University of Tasmania Law Review, 2, 165185Google Scholar
Smythe, D, ‘South Africa’s response to domestic violence’ in Benninger-Budel, Carin (ed.), Due Diligence and Its Application to Protect Women from Violence (Leiden and Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2008), pp. 161172Google Scholar
Socioeconomic Rights Institute of South Africa, Public Interest Legal Services in South Africa, project report (July 2015)Google Scholar
Sokoloff, N and Dupont, I, ‘Domestic violence at the intersections of race, class, and gender’ (2005) 11 Violence Against Women, 1, 3864CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soliman, A, ‘Personal status law – feminist testimonies from Egypt’, Mada Masr, March 14 2017, accessed 2 June 2018 at www.madamasr.com/en/2017/03/14/feature/society/personal-status-laws-feminist-testimonies-from-egypt/Google Scholar
Solomon, M, ‘Claim that 58 sexual offences courts ready in South Africa by September looks untrue’, Africa Check, 7 May 2013, accessed 4 June 2018 at www.africacheck.org/reports/claim-that-58-sexual-offences-courts-ready-by-september-looks-untrue/Google Scholar
Sonke Gender Justice, ‘Wits-Sonke study reveals alarming levels of women’s violence against women in Diepsloot’, press release, 28 November 2016, accessed 17 July 2018 at http://genderjustice.org.za/news-item/wits-sonke-study-reveals-alarming-levels-mens-violence-women-diepsloot/Google Scholar
‘South Africa looking for innovative ways to work with NGOs – interview with minister’, Open Government Partnership, 12 September 2012, accessed 5 July 2018 at www.opengovpartnership.org/stories/south-africa-looking-innovative-ways-work-ngos-interview-ministerGoogle Scholar
Southern African Research and Documentation Centre, Beyond Inequalities: Women in South Africa (Zimbabwe: Southern African Research and Documentation Centre, 1997)Google Scholar
‘Speak out for women’s rights defender Azza Soliman’, Amnesty International Petition, accessed 29 May 2018 at www.amnesty.org/en/get-involved/take-action/speak-out-for-egypt-womens-rights-defender-azza-soliman/Google Scholar
Spies, A, ‘The importance and relevance of amicus curiae participation in litigating on the customary law of marriage’ (2016) 16 African Human Rights Law Journal, 247264CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spires, A, ‘Contingent symbiosis and civil society in an authoritarian state: understanding the survival of China’s Grassroots NGOs’ (2011) 117 American Journal of Sociology, 1, 145CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stanley, E, ‘Engendering change? An analysis of how NGOs work on the problem of violence against women in South Africa’ (2012–2013) 8 Journal of Politics and International Studies, 279321Google Scholar
Steady, F, Women and Collective Action in Africa (USA: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005)Google Scholar
Stefiszyn, K, ‘The African regional response to gender-based violence’ in Centre for Human Rights (ed.), Gender Based Violence in Africa: Perspectives from the Continent (Pretoria: University of Pretoria, 2010), pp. 1730Google Scholar
Stewart, J, ‘Arenas of anguish – tracking multiple perpetuation trauma in HIV/AIDS and gender-based violence intersections’ in Centre for Human Rights (ed.), Gender Based Violence in Africa: Perspectives from the Continent (Pretoria: University of Pretoria, 2010), pp. 105126Google Scholar
‘Strategic litigation with strong data drives better implementation of right-to-education ruling in South Africa’, ESCR, 15 December 2017, accessed 4 June 2018 at www.escr-net.org/news/2017/strategic-litigation-strong-data-drives-better-implementation-right-education-ruling-southGoogle Scholar
Strauss, A, Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stuart, L, ‘The South African nonprofit sector: struggling to survive, needing to thrive’, NGOPulse, 9 April 2013, accessed 7 July 2018 at www.ngopulse.org/article/south-african-nonprofit-sector-struggling-survive-needing-thriveGoogle Scholar
Suarez, R, ‘Reporter’s notebook: South African society shaped by racial identity, apartheid’, PBS Newshour, 20 February 2009, accessed 20 July 2018 at www.pbs.org/newshour/health/health-jan-june09-sa4_0220Google Scholar
Suneri, L, ‘Moving beyond the feminism versus nationalism dichotomy’ (2000) 20 Canadian Women’s Studies, 2, 143148Google Scholar
Suttner, R, ‘The ideological role of the judiciary in South Africa’ in Hund, John (ed.), Law and Justice in South Africa (Rondebosch: Centre for Intergroup Studies, 1988), pp. 81102Google Scholar
Swanson, M, ‘The fight to criminalize violence against women in Lebanon’ Open Society Foundations, 6 May 2011, accessed 6 June 2018 at www.opensocietyfoundations.org/voices/fight-criminalize-violence-against-women-lebanonGoogle Scholar
Swardt, G, ‘The horror of corrective rape’, Health24, 11 May 2011, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.health24.com/Sex/Sexual-diversity/The-horror-of-corrective-rape-20120721Google Scholar
Swart, M, ‘Gender reform in the judiciary is still skin deep’, Mail & Guardian, 24 July 2015, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.mg.co.za/article/2015-07-23-gender-reform-in-the-judiciary-is-still-skin-deepGoogle Scholar
Swemmer, S and Mntonintshi, V, Response to the South African Law Reform Commission’s Report on ‘Sexual Offences: Adult Prostitution’ (Centre for Applied Legal Studies, 26 February 2018)Google Scholar
Sword, R and Zimbardo, P, ‘The Trump effect: an update: The toxicity is spreading’, Psychology Today, 30 January 2018, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-time-cure/201801/the-trump-effect-updateGoogle Scholar
Tadros, M, ‘The securitisation of civil society: a case study of NGOs–state security investigations (SSI) relations in Egypt’ (2011) 11 Conflict, Security and Development, 1, 79103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
‘Taking stock of the Sexual Offences Bill’, University of Cape Town News, 4 June 2007, accessed 6 June 2018 at www.news.uct.ac.za/article/-2007-06-04-taking-stock-of-the-sexual-offences-billGoogle Scholar
Tamale, S, African Sexualities (Cape Town, Dakar, Nairobi and Oxford: Pambazuka Press 2011)Google Scholar
Tamale, S, ‘Alternative leadership in Africa’ in Ricciutelli, Luciana et al. (eds.), Feminist Politics, Activism and Vision: Local and Global Challenges (London: Inanna Publications, 2004), pp. 313328Google Scholar
Tanaka, Y, ‘Singapore: subtle NGO control by a developmentalist welfare state’ in Shigetomi, Shinichi (ed.), The State and NGOs: Perspectives from Asia (Singapore: Institute of South Asian Studies, 2002), pp. 200221Google Scholar
Tandwa, L, ‘Police failure to help in domestic violence cases is misconduct- Lawyers for Human Rights’, News24, 21 June 2017, accessed 25 June 2018 at www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/police-failure-to-help-in-domestic-violence-cases-is-misconduct-lawyers-for-human-rights-20170621Google Scholar
‘Targeting paralegals in the drive to improve access to justice for all’, UNDP Zimbabwe, 25 September 2012, accessed 20 June 2018 at www.zw.undp.org/content/zimbabwe/en/home/presscenter/articles/2012/09/12/targeting-paralegals-in-the-drive-to-improve-access-to-justice-for-all.htmlGoogle Scholar
Taylor, J, ‘Struggles against systems that impoverish: South African civil society at the crossroads’ (2013) 23 Development in Practice, 5/6, 617630CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terblanche, S, ‘Case reviews; sentencing’ (2005) 18 South African Journal of Criminal Justice, 3, 385400Google Scholar
Teubner, G, ‘Autopoiesis in law and society: a rejoinder to Blankenburg’ (1984) 18 Law and Society Review, 2, 291301CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, A, ‘Whatever happened to reciprocity? Implications of donor emphasis on ‘voice’ and ‘impact’ as rationales for working NGOs in development’ in Bebbington, Anthony J et al. (eds.), Can NGOs Make a Difference? The Challenge of Development Alternatives (London and New York: Zed Books, 2008), pp. 90111Google Scholar
Thomas, C et al., Working with the Justice Sector to End Violence Against Women and Girls, research report (UN Women, December 2011)Google Scholar
Tiessen, R, ‘Re-inventing the gendered organization: staff attitudes towards women and gender mainstreaming in NGOs in Malawi’ (2004) 11 Gender, Work and Organization, 6, 689708CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trebilcock, M et al. (eds.), Middle Income Access to Justice (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tripp, A M, ‘Women’s movements and constitution making after civil unrest and conflict in Africa: the cases of Kenya and Somalia’ (2016) 12 Politics and Gender, 1, 78106CrossRefGoogle Scholar
True, J, ‘Gender specialists and global governance’ in Grey, Sandra and Sawer, Marian (eds.), Women’s Movements: Flourishing or in Abeyance (London: Routledge, 2008), pp. 91104Google Scholar
Tsanga, A, Taking Law to the People: Gender, Law Reform, and Community Legal Education in Zimbabwe (Harare: Weaver Press, 2003).Google Scholar
Tshangana, A, The Impact of Litigation by the Legal Resources Centre for Adequate Classroom Infrastructure in South Africa, Case Study Series, Study no 12 (International Budget Partnership, March 2013)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tshehla, B, ‘Here to stay: traditional leaders’ role in justice and crime prevention’ (2005) 11 South Africa Crime Quarterly, 1520Google Scholar
‘Twists and turns in Traditional Courts Bill proceedings’, Sonke Gender Justice, 1 November 2012, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.genderjustice.org.za/article/sordid-twist-to-traditional-courts-bill-proceedings/Google Scholar
UN OHCHR and UNMIT, Report on Human Rights Development in Timor Leste (September 2007–June 2008)Google Scholar
UNDP, Access to Justice, practice note (2004)Google Scholar
Ulrich, J, ‘Confronting gender-based violence with international instruments: is a solution to the pandemic within reach?’ (2000) 7 Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 2, 629654Google Scholar
‘UN human rights chief urges repeal of repressive NGO law in Egypt’, UN News, 1 June 2017, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.news.un.org/en/story/2017/06/558522-un-human-rights-chief-urges-repeal-repressive-ngo-law-egyptGoogle Scholar
Usdin, S et al., ‘The value of advocacy in promoting social change: implementing the new Domestic Violence Act in South Africa’ (2000) 8 Reproductive Health Matters, 16, 5565CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valters, C and Jahan, F, Getting to Grips with Power: Can NGOs Improve Justice in Bangladesh? Research Report (Overseas Development Institute, March 2017)Google Scholar
Van Der, Spuy P and Clowes, L, ‘Accidental feminists? Recent histories of South African women’ (2007) Kronos, 33, 211235Google Scholar
Van Niekerk, G, Traditional African Courts (Cape Town: University of Cape Town, 1993)Google Scholar
Vetten, L, Addressing Domestic Violence in South Africa: Reflections on Strategy and Practice (UN Division for the Advancement of Women in collaboration and UN Office on Drugs and Crime, 2005)Google Scholar
Vetten, L, It Sucks’ / ‘It’s a Wonderful Service’: Post-Rape Care and the Micro-Politics of Institutions, research report (Actionaid/Shukumisa, 2015)Google Scholar
Vetten, L, ‘Paradox and policy in post-apartheid South Africa’ in Westmarland, Nicole and Gangoli, Geetanjali (eds.), International Approaches to Rape (UK: The Policy Press, 2012), pp. 147169Google Scholar
Vetten, L, ‘Police accountability and the Domestic Violence Act 1998’ (2017) 29 South African Crime Quarterly, 719Google Scholar
Vetten, L et al., The Right and the Real: A Shadow Report Analysing Selected Government Departments’ Implementation of the 1998 Domestic Violence Act and 2007 Sexual Offences Act, Research Report, (Tshwaranang Legal Advocacy Centre to End Violence Against Women, 2010)Google Scholar
Wael, R, ‘Betrayal or realistic expectations? Egyptian women revolting’ (2014) 6 Interface, 1, 478491Google Scholar
Wahlquist, C, ‘Court system is unfair and traumatic for child sexual abuse victims, inquiry chair says’, The Guardian, 2 August 2017, accessed 6 June 2018 at www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/aug/02/court-system-is-unfair-and-traumatic-for-child-sexual-abuse-victims-inquiry-chair-saysGoogle Scholar
Walker, C, Women and Resistance in South Africa (Cape Town and Johannesburg: David Philip Publishers, 1991)Google Scholar
Walker, C (ed.), Women and Gender in Southern Africa to 1945 (Cape Town: New Africa Books, 1990)Google Scholar
Walker, L, The Battered Women’s Syndrome, 3rd edition (New York: Springer, 2009)Google Scholar
Walker, L et al., ‘Beyond the juror’s ken: battered women’ (1982) 7 Vermont Law Review, 1, 114Google Scholar
Walker, S and Louw, D, ‘The court for sexual offences: perceptions of the victims of sexual offences’ (May–June 2005) 28 International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 3, 231245CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walker, S and Louw, D, ‘The court for sexual offences: perceptions of the families of the victims of sexual offences’ (July–August 2005) 28 International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 4, 418429CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walker, S and Louw, D, ‘The court for sexual offences: perceptions of the perpetrators of sexual offences’ (July–August 2006) 29 International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 4, 306315CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walsh, D, ‘The liberal movement: women and just debate in South Africa 1994–1996’ (2006) 32 Journal of Southern African Studies, 1, 85105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warioba, C and Luhanga, A, ‘SADC initiatives aimed at combatting gender-based violence’ in Centre for Human Rights (ed.), Gender-based Violence in Africa: Perspectives from the Continent (Pretoria: University of Pretoria 2010), pp. 3150Google Scholar
Watson, J, The Role of the State in Addressing Sexual Violence: Assessing Policing Service Delivery Challenges Faced by Victims of Sexual Offences, Policy Brief (Cape Town: APCOF, 13 August 2015)Google Scholar
Waylen, G, Engendering Transitions: Women’s Mobilization, Institutions, and Gender Outcomes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weeks, S M, ‘South Africa’s Traditional Courts Bill 2.0: improved but still flawed’, The Conversation, 4 April 2017, accessed 30 June 2018 at www.theconversation.com/south-africas-traditional-courts-bill-2-0-improved-but-still-flawed-74997Google Scholar
Weilenmann, M, ‘Legal pluralism: a new challenge for development agencies’ in Access to Justice in Africa and Beyond: Making the Rule of Law a Reality (National Institute for Trial Advocacy, 2007), pp. 8796Google Scholar
Weir, J, ‘Chiefly women and women’s leadership in pre-colonial Southern Africa’ in Gasa, Nomboniso (ed.), Women in Southern African History: They Remove Boulders and Cross Rivers (Cape Town: Human Science Research Council, 2007), pp. 320Google Scholar
Weiss, E and Berg, R, ‘Child victims of sexual assault: impact of court procedures’ (1982) 21 Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 5, 513518CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weiss, E et al., ‘Gender, sexuality and HIV: making a difference in the lives of young women in developing countries’ (2000) 15 Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 3, 233245CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weldon, S, Protest, Policy, and the Problem of Violence Against Women: A Cross-National Comparison (Pittsburg, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wells, H and Polders, L, ‘Anti-gay hate crimes in South Africa: prevalence, reporting practices, and experiences of the police’ (2006) 2 Agenda 3, 2028.Google Scholar
Wendoh, S and Wallace, T, ‘Re-thinking gender mainstreaming in African NGOs and communities’ (2005) 13 Gender and Development, 2, 7079CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiktorowica, Q, ‘The political limits to nongovernmental organizations in Jordan’ (2002) 30 World Development, 1, 7793CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winick, B, ‘Applying the law therapeutically in domestic violence cases’ (2000–2001) 69 University of Missouri-Kansas City Law Review, 1, 391Google Scholar
Wittkopp, S, ‘Article 8’ in Freeman, Marsha A et al. (eds.), The UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women: A Commentary (Oxford: Oxford University Press 2012), pp. 221233Google Scholar
Wojcicki, J, ‘She drank his money: survival sex and the problem of violence in taverns in Gauteng Province, South Africa’ (2002) 16 Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 3, 267293CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wojkowska, E, Doing Justice: How Informal Justice System Can Contribute, research report (Oslo: United Nations Development Programme, 2006)Google Scholar
Wolf, D (ed.), Feminist Dilemmas in Fieldwork (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996)Google Scholar
Women’s Legal Centre Newsletter, volume 1 (Women’s Legal Centre, 2008)Google Scholar
Wood, K and Jewkes, R, ‘Violence, rape and sexual coercion: everyday love in a South African Township’ (1997) 5 Gender and Development, 2, 4146CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woolford, A and Ratner, R, Informal Reckonings: Conflict Resolution in Mediation, Restorative Justice and Reparations (London: Routledge-Cavendish, 2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Worden, N, The Making of Modern South Africa: Conquest, Apartheid, Democracy (Oxford: Blackwell, 2007)Google Scholar
World Health Organization, Global and Regional Estimates of Violence Against Women: Prevalence and Health Effects of Intimate Partner Violence and Nonpartner Sexual Violence, report (World Health Organization, 2013)Google Scholar
Wyttenbach, J, ‘Violence against women, cultural/religious traditions and the international standards of due diligence’ in Benninger-Budel, C (ed.), Due Diligence and Its Application to Protect Women from Violence (Leiden and Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2008), pp. 225240Google Scholar
Yang, Q, ‘Eradicating “mud schools” in South Africa’ (2015) 54 Columbia Journal of Transnational Law Bulletin, 1, 112Google Scholar
Yount, K M, ‘Women’s ‘justification’ of domestic violence in Egypt’ (2009) 71 Journal of Marriage and Family, 5, 11251140CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zoellner, L et al., ‘Factors associated with completion of the restraining order process in female victims of partner violence’ (2000) 15 Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10, 10181099CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ahl Masr hospital, Egypt, www.ahl-masr.orgGoogle Scholar
Center for Applied Legal Studies, www.wits.ac.za/cals/about-us/Google Scholar
Center for Gender and Refugee Studies, ‘Matter of Kasinga’, https://cgrs.uchastings.edu/our-work/matter-kasinga-1996Google Scholar
Da El Orman, NGO, Egypt, www.dar-alorman.com/Google Scholar
Department of Justice and Constitutional Development, www.justice.gov.za/about/sa-courts.htmlGoogle Scholar
‘Facts and figures: ending violence against women’ UN Women, www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/ending-violence-against-women/facts-and-figuresGoogle Scholar
Global Campaign for Equal Nationality Rights, https://equalnationalityrights.orgGoogle Scholar
Hospital 57357, Egypt, www.57357.com/Google Scholar
Independent Police Investigative Directorate Website (IPID), www.ipid.gov.za/Google Scholar
Misr El Kheir foundation, Egypt, wwwmisrelkheir.org/en/Google Scholar
People Opposing Women’s Abuse (POWA) campaigns, www.powa.co.za/POWA/projects/campaigns/Google Scholar
South Africa Government Information: Traditional Leadership, www.gov.za/about-government/government-system/traditional-leadershipGoogle Scholar
Thuthuzela Care Centre: Turning Victims into Survivors (The National Prosecuting Authority of South Africa), www.npa.gov.za/UploadedFiles/THUTHUZELA%20Brochure%20New.pdfGoogle Scholar
Tshwaranang Legal Advocacy Centre’s legal clinic, www.tlac.org.za/legal-clinic/Google Scholar
UN Women, Ending violence against women country gender profile, May 2018, accessed 1 June 2018 at http://egypt.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2018/05/ending-violence-against-women-gender-profile-egypt-may-2018Google Scholar
Wits Law Clinic family, gender and child unit, www.wits.ac.za/lawclinic/family-gender--child-unit/Google Scholar
‘I am a Woman’, Lauren Groenewald and Miki Redelinghuys of Plexus films, Season 1 episode 19, act 2 (5 August 2012).Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Bibliography
  • Reem Wael
  • Book: Negotiating the Power of NGOs
  • Online publication: 01 April 2019
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108566339.011
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Bibliography
  • Reem Wael
  • Book: Negotiating the Power of NGOs
  • Online publication: 01 April 2019
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108566339.011
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Bibliography
  • Reem Wael
  • Book: Negotiating the Power of NGOs
  • Online publication: 01 April 2019
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108566339.011
Available formats
×