Book contents
- Promoting Black Women’s Mental Health
- Promoting Black Women’s Mental Health
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Introduction
- Part I Black Women in Context
- Part II Therapy Contexts
- Part III Core Themes in Black Women’s Stress and Distress
- Part IV Helping Black Women Recover and Thrive
- Appendix
- Index
- References
Part IV - Helping Black Women Recover and Thrive
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 June 2023
Book contents
- Promoting Black Women’s Mental Health
- Promoting Black Women’s Mental Health
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Introduction
- Part I Black Women in Context
- Part II Therapy Contexts
- Part III Core Themes in Black Women’s Stress and Distress
- Part IV Helping Black Women Recover and Thrive
- Appendix
- Index
- References
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Promoting Black Women's Mental HealthWhat Practitioners Should Know and Do, pp. 309 - 389Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2023
References
Organizations
Books
Oparah, J. C., & Bonaparte, A. D. (Eds.). (2016). Birthing justice: Black women, pregnancy, and childbirth. Routledge.Google Scholar
Taylor, S. R. (2018). The body is not an apology: The power of radical self-love. Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.Google Scholar
Podcasts
Lopez, W., & Jones, J. (Hosts). (2016–present). Food heaven [Audio podcast]. https://foodheavenmadeeasy.com/podcast/Google Scholar
Articles
Chidi, E. & Cahill, E. P.. (2020, October, 22). Protecting your birth: A guide for Black mothers. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/article/black-mothers-birth.htmlGoogle Scholar
Media Resources
10 powerful Christian meditations to use daily. (2018. April 9). Crosswalk. https://www.crosswalk.com/faith/spiritual-life/10-powerful-christian-meditations-to-use-daily.htmlGoogle Scholar
Calm.com, Inc. (2014). Calm – meditate, sleep, relax (Version 5.22) [Mobile app]. https://www.calm.com/Google Scholar
Headspace for Meditation, Mindfulness and Sleep. (2012). Headspace: Meditation & sleep (Version 4.56.0) [Mobile app]. https://www.headspace.com/Google Scholar
Insight Network Inc. (2010). Insight timer: Meditation, sleep, music (Version 15.15.0) [Mobile app]. https://insighttimer.com/Google Scholar
Liberate. (2019). Liberate (Version 1.1.28) [Mobile app]. https://liberatemeditation.com/Google Scholar
References
American Cancer Society. (2021). Cancer facts & figures for African Americans 2019–2021. https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/cancer-facts-figures-for-african-americans.htmlGoogle Scholar
Arden, J. (2014). The brain bible: How to stay vital, productive, and happy for a lifetime. McGraw Hill Professional.Google Scholar
Ashing, K. T., Jones, V., Bedell, F., Phillips, T., & Erhunmwunsee, L. (2022). Calling attention to the role of race-driven societal determinants of health on aggressive tumor biology: A focus on Black Americans. JCO Oncology Practice, 18(1), 15–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bagayogo, I. P., Interian, A., & Escobar, J. I. (2013). Transcultural aspects of somatic symptoms in the context of depressive disorders. Cultural Psychiatry, 33, 64–74.Google Scholar
Beckie, T. M., Groër, M. W., & Beckstead, J. W. (2011). The relationship between polymorphisms on chromosome 9p21 and age of onset of coronary heart disease in black and white women. Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers, 15(6), 435–442. https://doi.org/10.1089/gtmb.2010.0222Google Scholar
Black, A. R., & Woods‐Giscombé, C. (2012). Applying the stress and ‘strength’ hypothesis to Black women’s breast cancer screening delays. Stress and Health, 28(5), 389–396. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2464Google Scholar
Black Maternal Health Caucus. (2020). Black maternal health momnibus. https://blackmaternalhealthcaucus-underwood.house.gov/MomnibusGoogle Scholar
Braveman, P. A., Cubbin, C., Egerter, S., Williams, D. R., & Pamuk, E. (2010). Socioeconomic disparities in health in the United States: What the patterns tell us. American Journal of Public Health, 100(S1), S186–S196.Google Scholar
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). HIV and women. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/group/gender/women/cdc-hiv-women.pdfGoogle Scholar
Chidi, E., & Cahill, E. P. (2020, October, 22). Protecting your birth: A guide for Black mothers. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/article/black-mothers-birth.htmlGoogle Scholar
Collins, S. E., Buchholz, S. W., Cranford, J., & McCrory, M. A. (2020). A church-based culturally sensitive physical activity intervention in African American women. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 43, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945920961405Google Scholar
Collins, Y., Holcomb, K., Chapman-Davis, E., Khabele, D., & Farley, J. H. (2014). Gynecologic cancer disparities: A report from the Health Disparities Taskforce of the Society of Gynecologic Oncology. Gynecologic Oncology, 133(2), 353–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.12.039Google Scholar
Craft, L. L., & Perna, F. M. (2004). The benefits of exercise for the clinically depressed. Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 6(3), 104–111. https://doi.org/10.4088/pcc.v06n0301Google Scholar
Davis, E. M., Rovi, S., & Johnson, M. S. (2005). Mental health, family function and obesity in African-American women. Journal of the National Medical Association, 97(4), 478–482.Google Scholar
Dorwart, C. E., Smith, S., & Patterson, A. F. (2019). Just more comfortable in the gym: An exploration of the constraints that contribute to adult African American females’ lack of participation in outdoor recreation activities. Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, 11(3), 171–190. https://doi.org/10.18666/JOREL-2019-V11-I3-8878Google Scholar
Evans, M. B., Allan, V., Erickson, K., Martin, L. J., Budziszewski, R., & Côté, J. (2017). Are all sport activities equal? A systematic review of how youth psychosocial experiences vary across differing sport activities. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(3), 169–176.Google Scholar
George, S., Ragin, C., & Ashing, K. T. (2021). Black is diverse: The untapped beauty and benefit of cancer genomics and precision medicine. JCO Oncology Practice, 17(5), 279–283.Google Scholar
Geronimus, A. T., Hicken, M. T., Pearson, J. A., Seashols, S. J., Brown, K. L., & Cruz, T. D. (2010). Do U.S. Black women experience stress-related accelerated biological aging? Human Nature, 21(1), 19–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110–010-9078-0Google Scholar
Ghosh-Dastidar, B., Cohen, D., Hunter, G., Zenk, S. N., Huang, C., Beckman, R., & Dubowitz, T. (2014). Distance to store, food prices, and obesity in urban food deserts. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 47(5), 587–595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2014.07.005Google Scholar
Gordon, K. H., Brattole, M. M., Wingate, L. R., & Joiner, T. E. (2006). The impact of client race on clinician detection of eating disorders. Behavior Therapy, 37(4), 319–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2005.12.002CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Havranek, E. P., Mujahid, M. S., Barr, D. A., Blair, I. V., Cohen, M. S., Cruz-Flores, S., Davey-Smith, G., Dennison-Himmelfarb, C. R., Lauer, M. S., Lockwood, D. W., Rosal, M., American Heart Association Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health, & Stroke Council. (2015). Social determinants of risk and outcomes for cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 132(9), 873–898. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000228Google Scholar
Health Research and Quality Act, Publ. L. No. 106–129, 113 Stat. 1653 (1999). https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-106publ129/pdf/PLAW-106publ129.pdfGoogle Scholar
Henrietta Lacks: Science must right a historical wrong. (2020, September 3). Nature, 585 , 7. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02494-zGoogle Scholar
Jackson, N., & Utter, D. (2020, September 4). Vessels for collective progress: The use of Hela cells in COVID-19 research. Science in the News. https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2020/vessels-for-collective-progress-the-use-of-hela-cells-in-covid-19-research/Google Scholar
Jayakody, K., Gunadasa, S., & Hosker, C. (2014). Exercise for anxiety disorders: Systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(3), 187–196. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2012-091287Google Scholar
Jean, Y. (2020, March 10). How Black women have historically used yoga as a tool for healing. Well and Good. https://www.wellandgood.com/black-women-and-yoga-historyGoogle Scholar
Lamis, D. A., & Kaslow, N. J. (2014). Mediators of the daily hassles–suicidal ideation link in African American women. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior, 44(3), 233–245.Google Scholar
Lannin, D. R., Mathews, H. F., Mitchell, J., & Swanson, M. S. (2002). Impacting cultural attitudes in African-American women to decrease breast cancer mortality. The American Journal of Surgery, 184(5), 418–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002–9610(02)01009-7Google Scholar
Lee, K. T., George, M., Lowry, S., & Ashing, K. T. (2021). A review and considerations on palliative care improvements for African Americans with cancer. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 38(6), 671–677. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909120930205CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, J. A., Williams, M. G., Peppers, E. J., & Gadson, C. A. (2017). Applying intersectionality to explore the relations between gendered racism and health among Black women. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 64(5), 475–486.Google Scholar
Mack, J. L., & Hays, H. V. (2020, December 24). Black doctor dies of COVID-19 after reporting racist treatment at Indiana Hospital. USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/12/24/susan-moore-black-doctor-covid-victim-alleges-racism-carmel-hospital/4041257001/Google Scholar
Marques, L., Alegria, M., Becker, A. E., Chen, C. N., Fang, A., Chosak, A., & Diniz, J. B. (2011). Comparative prevalence, correlates of impairment, and service utilization for eating disorders across US ethnic groups: Implications for reducing ethnic disparities in health care access for eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 44(5), 412–420. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20787Google Scholar
McFarlane, A. C. (2010). The long-term costs of traumatic stress: Intertwined physical and psychological consequences. World Psychiatry, 9(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00254.xGoogle Scholar
McKnight-Eily, L. R., Presley-Cantrell, L., Elam-Evans, L. D., Chapman, D. P., Kaslow, N. J., & Perry, G. S. (2009). Prevalence and correlates of current depressive symptomatology and lifetime diagnosis of depression in Black women. Women’s Health Issues, 19(4), 243–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2009.04.003Google Scholar
Minority Health and Health Disparities Research and Education Act, Publ. L. No. 106–525, 114 Stat. 2495 (2000). https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-106publ525/pdf/PLAW-106publ525.pdfGoogle Scholar
National Institutes of Health. (2020, December 3). Significant research advances enabled by Hela Cells. Office of Science Policy. https://osp.od.nih.gov/scientific-sharing/hela-cells-timelineGoogle Scholar
Nelson, A. (2002). Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. Journal of the National Medical Association, 94(8), 666–668.Google Scholar
Nunes, J., Jean-Louis, G., Zizi, F., Casimir, G. J., von Gizycki, H., Brown, C. D., & McFarlane, S. I. (2008). Sleep duration among Black and white Americans: Results of the National Health Interview Survey. Journal of the National Medical Association, 100(3), 317–322.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ohrnberger, J., Fichera, E., & Sutton, M. (2017). The relationship between physical and mental health: A mediation analysis. Social Science & Medicine, 195, 42–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.008Google Scholar
Petersen, E. E., Davis, N. L., Goodman, D., Cox, S., Syverson, C., Seed, K., Shapiro-Mendoza, C., Callaghan, W. M., & Barfield, W. (2019). Racial/ethnic disparities in pregnancy-related deaths – United States, 2007–2016. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 68(35), 762–765. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6835a3Google Scholar
Rao, V. (2020, August, 13). What is implicit bias? The invisible racism that makes Black women dread the doctor’s office. Today. https://www.today.com/health/what-implicit-bias-invisible-racism-hurts-black-women-doctor-s-t189105Google Scholar
Ribeiro, A. I., Amaro, J., Lisi, C., & Fraga, S. (2018). Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and allostatic load: A scoping review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1092.Google Scholar
Robins, L., & Regier, D. A. (1991 ). Psychiatric disorders in America: The Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. The Free Press.Google Scholar
Ruby, M. B., Dunn, E. W., Perrino, A., Gillis, R., & Viel, S. (2011). The invisible benefits of exercise. Health Psychology, 30(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021859CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rucklidge, J. J., & Kaplan, B. J. (2013). Broad-spectrum micronutrient formulas for the treatment of psychiatric symptoms: A systematic review. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 13(1), 49–73.Google Scholar
Sacks, T. K. (2018). Invisible visits: Black middle-class women in the American healthcare system. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Sengupta, R., & Honey, K. (2020). AACR Cancer Disparities Progress Report 2020: Achieving the bold vision of health equity for racial and ethnic minorities and other underserved populations. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers, 29(10), 1843–1843.Google Scholar
Slopen, N., Lewis, T. T., & Williams, D. R. (2016). Discrimination and sleep: A systematic review. Sleep medicine, 18, 88–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.01.012Google Scholar
Taylor, S. R. (2018). The body is not an apology: The power of radical self-love. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.Google Scholar
Trawalter, S., Hoffman, K. M., & Waytz, A. (2012). Racial bias in perceptions of others’ pain. PLoS ONE, 7(11), e48546. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048546Google Scholar
Villarosa, L. (2018, April 11). Why America’s Black mothers and babies are in a life-or-death crisis. The New York Times Magazine. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/11/magazine/black-mothers-babies-death-maternal-mortality.html?action=click&module=RelatedLinks&pgtype=ArticleGoogle Scholar
Ware, S., Thorpe, S., & Tanner, A. E. (2019) Sexual health interventions for Black women in the United States: A systematic review of literature. International Journal of Sexual Health, 31(2), 196–215. https://doi.org10.1080/19317611.2019.161327Google Scholar
Warren-Findlow, J. (2006). Weathering: Stress and heart disease in African American women living in Chicago. Qualitative Health Research, 16(2), 221–237. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732305278651Google Scholar
Washington, H. A. (2006). Medical apartheid: The dark history of medical experimentation on Black Americans from colonial times to the present. Doubleday Books.Google Scholar
Watson, S. K. (2018, June 18). After high school, young women’s exercise rates plunge. National Public Radio. https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/06/11/618878274/after-high-school-young-womens-exercise-rates-plungeGoogle Scholar
Wilcox, S., Richter, D. L., Henderson, K. A., Greaney, M. L., & Ainsworth, B. E. (2002). Perceptions of physical activity and personal barriers and enablers in African-American women. Ethnicity and Disease, 12(3), 353–362.Google Scholar
Xiao, Q., Signorello, L. B., Brinton, L. A., Cohen, S. S., Blot, W. J., & Matthews, C. E. (2016). Sleep duration and breast cancer risk among Black and White women. Sleep Medicine, 20, 25–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.11.010Google Scholar
Books
Hunt, K. (2020). Girl, gurl, grrl: On womanhood and belonging in the age of black girl magic. Amistad.Google Scholar
Taylor, S. R. (2018). The body is not an apology: The power of radical self-love. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.Google Scholar
Podcasts
Alfred, L. (Host). (2018–present). Balanced black girl [Audio podcast]. https://www.balancedblackgirl.com/podcast/Google Scholar
Ash, L. (Host). (2016–present). Black girl in Om [Audio podcast]. https://www.blackgirlinom.com/podcastGoogle Scholar
Bradford, J. H. (Host). (2019–present). Therapy for black girls [Audio podcast]. https://therapyforblackgirls.com/podcast/Google Scholar
Gooden, A. (Host). (2021–present). Unconditionally worthy [Audio podcast]. https://dradiagooden.com/podcastGoogle Scholar
Tubbs, S. (Host). (2019–present). Black girls heal [Audio podcast]. https://www.blackgirlsheal.org/podcast/Google Scholar
References
Aakvaag, H. F., Thoresen, S., Wentzel-Larsen, T., Dyb, G., Røysamb, E., & Olff, M. (2016). Broken and guilty since it happened: A population study of trauma-related shame and guilt after violence and sexual abuse. Journal of Affective Disorders, 204, 16–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.004Google Scholar
Amoloku, O. M. (2019). The mammy, the breeder and the race woman: Storytelling as subversion in selected novels by contemporary Black women writers. (Publication No. 13859120) [Master’s thesis, Middle Tennessee State University]. ProQuest Publishing.Google Scholar
Au, T. M., Sauer-Zavala, S., King, M. W., Petrocchi, N., Barlow, D. H., & Litz, B. T. (2017). Compassion-based therapy for trauma-related shame and posttraumatic stress: Initial evaluation using a multiple baseline design. Behavior Therapy, 48(2), 207–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2016.11.012Google Scholar
Bacchus, D. N., & Holley, L. C. (2005). Spirituality as a coping resource: The experiences of professional Black women. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 13(4), 65–84.Google Scholar
Bailey, E. R., Matz, S. C., Youyou, W., & Iyengar, S. S. (2020). Authentic self-expression on social media is associated with greater subjective wellbeing. Nature Communications, 11(1), 4889. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467–020-18539-wGoogle Scholar
Benton, H. (2017, February 2). Black history, culture told through dance. Citizen Times. https://www.citizen-times.com/story/news/local/2017/02/02/black-history-culture-told-through-dance/97103982Google Scholar
Brown, C. A. (2016, June). A visual history of social dance in 25 moves [Video]. TED Conferences. https://www.ted.com/talks/camille_a_brown_a_visual_history_of_social_dance_in_25_moves?language=enGoogle Scholar
Brown, N. (2017, July 30). I left Christianity for an ancient African faith. Vice. https://www.vice.com/en/article/ywg9w5/i-left-christianity-for-an-ancient-african-faithGoogle Scholar
Burnett-Zeigler, I., Satyshur, M. D., Hong, S., Wisner, K. L., & Moskowitz, J. (2019). Acceptability of a mindfulness intervention for depressive symptoms among African-American women in a community health center: A qualitative study. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 45, 19–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2019.05.012Google Scholar
Dill, A. (2020). I’m a Black woman in art therapy for 8 months! Here’s my experience. https://adannadill.com/im-a-black-woman-in-art-therapy-for-8-months-heres-my-experienceGoogle Scholar
Gooden, A. S., & McMahon, S. D. (2016). Thriving among African‐American adolescents: Religiosity, religious support, and communalism. American Journal of Community Psychology, 57(1–2), 118–128. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12026Google Scholar
Greene, B. (1997) Psychotherapy with African American women: Integrating feminist and psychodynamic models. Smith College Studies in Social Work, 67(3), 299–322. https://doi.org/10.1080/00377319709517495Google Scholar
Griffin, F. J. (1996). Textual healing: Claiming Black women’s bodies, the erotic and resistance in contemporary novels of slavery. Callaloo, 19(2), 519–536.Google Scholar
Hayman, J. W., Kurpius, S. R., Befort, C., Nicpon, M. F., Hull‐Blanks, E., Sollenberger, S., & Huser, L. (2007). Spirituality among college freshmen: Relationships to self‐esteem, body image, and stress. Counseling and Values, 52(1), 55–70.Google Scholar
Ivory, D. [@thebodyahomeforlove]. (2019). Posts. [Instagram profile]. Retrieved November 2020 from https://www.instagram.com/thebodyahomeforloveGoogle Scholar
Jensen, A., & Bonde, L. O. (2018). The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings. Perspectives in Public Health, 138(4), 209–214. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913918772602Google Scholar
Johnson, S. B., Goodnight, B. L., Zhang, H., Daboin, I., Patterson, B., & Kaslow, N. J. (2018). Compassion‐based meditation in African Americans: Self‐criticism mediates changes in depression. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior, 48(2), 160–168. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12347Google Scholar
Kilgore, A. M., Kraus, R., & Littleford, L. N. (2020). “But I’m not allowed to be mad”: How Black women cope with gendered racial microaggressions through writing. Translational Issues in Psychological Science, 6(4), 372–382. https://doi.org/10.1037/tps0000259Google Scholar
King, A. (2020, January 19). How this organization is making space for Black women to heal from sexual trauma. Vogue. https://www.vogue.com/article/how-this-organization-is-making-space-for-black-women-to-heal-from-sexual-traumaGoogle Scholar
Levin, J. (2010). Religion and mental health: Theory and research. International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies, 7(2), 102–115.Google Scholar
Menakem, R. (2017). My grandmother’s hands: Racialized trauma and the pathway to mending our hearts and bodies. Central Recovery Press.Google Scholar
Muncie, I. (2010). Black mothers and the nation: Claiming space and crafting signification for the black maternal body in American women’s narratives of slavery, reconstruction, and segregation, 1852–2001 (Publication No. 3403252) [Doctoral dissertation, Ball State University]. ProQuest Publishing.Google Scholar
Phifer, H. (2017). Black, woman and alive: Black women’s practices of nontraditional healing and freedom (Publication No. 1) [Master’s thesis, Lesley University]. Digital Commons. https://digitalcommons.lesley.edu/expressive_theses/1Google Scholar
Shange, N. (1974). For colored girls who have considered suicide/when the rainbow is enuf. Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar
Shulman, J. L., & Horne, S. G. (2003). The use of self-pleasure: Masturbation and body image among African American and European American women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 27(3), 262–269.Google Scholar
Stanton, A. G., Jerald, M. C., Ward, L. M., & Avery, L. R. (2017). Social media contributions to Strong Black Woman ideal endorsement and Black women’s mental health. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 41(4), 465–478. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684317732330Google Scholar
Stephenson, K., & Rosen, D. H. (2015). Haiku and healing: An empirical study of poetry writing as therapeutic and creative intervention. Empirical Studies of the Arts, 33(1), 36–60. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276237415569981Google Scholar
Taylor, S. R. (2018). The body is not an apology: The power of radical self-love. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.Google Scholar
Thomas, T. (2016, February 11). The legacy of women in the Black Church. Christianity Today: Women Leaders. https://www.christianitytoday.com/women-leaders/2016/february/legacy-of-women-in-black-church.htmlGoogle Scholar
Turman, E. M. (2019, February 28). Black women’s faith, Black women’s flourishing. The Christian Century. https://www.christiancentury.org/article/critical-essay/black-women-s-faith-black-women-s-flourishingGoogle Scholar
Vance, L. (2020, February 24). Creative healing spaces: Healing from racial wounds. American Art Therapy Association. https://arttherapy.org/blog-creative-healing-spaces-healing-from-racial-woundsGoogle Scholar
Wiggins, D. C. (2004). Righteous content: Black women’s perspectives of church and faith. New York University Press.Google Scholar
Williams, C. B. (2005). Counseling African American women: Multiple identities – Multiple constraints. Journal of Counseling & Development, 83(3), 278–283.Google Scholar
Williams, M. I. (2020, February 19). Mariam I. Williams on Black woman writing for self-knowledge. Nick Virgilio Haiku Association. https://www.nickvirgiliohaiku.org/blog/2020/mariam-i-williams-on-black-women-writing-for-self-knowledgeGoogle Scholar
Books
Paloutzian, R. F., & Ellison, C. W. (1982). Loneliness, spiritual wellbeing, and quality of life. In Peplau, L. A & Pearlman, D. (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook for practice (pp. 358–364). Wiley Interscience.Google Scholar
Pierce, Y. (2021). In my grandmother’s house: Black women, faith, and the stories we inherit. Broadleaf Books.Google Scholar
Press, S. L. (Ed.). (2021). Spiritual self care for black women: A spiritual journal for self discovery. Stress Less Press.Google Scholar
Walker-Barnes, C. (2014). Too heavy a yoke: Black women and the burden of strength. Wipf and Stock Publishers.Google Scholar
Scholarly Article
Avent Harris, J. R. (2021). The Black Superwoman in spiritual bypass: Black women’s use of religious coping and implications for mental health professionals. Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 23(2), 180–196.Google Scholar
References
Abcarian, R. (2018, September 18). Column: In black churches, pastors recognize a #MeToo moment among their clergy. The Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/local/abcarian/la-me-abcarian-women-pastors-20180918-story.htmlGoogle Scholar
Akom, A. A. (2007). Cities as battlefields: Understanding how the Nation of Islam impacts civic engagement, environmental racism, and community development in a low income neighborhood. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 20(6), 711–730.Google Scholar
Avent-Harris, J. R. Garland-McKinney, J. L., & Fripp, J. (2019). “God is a keeper”: A phenomenological investigation of Christian African American women’s experiences with religious coping. The Professional Counselor, 9(3), 157–170. https://doi.org/10.15241/jrah.9.3.157Google Scholar
Belgrave, F. Z., & Allison, K. W. (2010). African American psychology from Africa to America. Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Belin, P., Washington, T., & Greene, Y. (2006). Saving grace: A breast cancer prevention program in the African American community. Health and Social Work, 31(1), 73–76. https://doi.org/1093/hsw/31.1.73Google Scholar
Bourjolly, J. (1998). Differences in religiousness among Black and white women with breast cancer. Social Work in Health Care, 28(1), 21–39. https://doi.org/10.1300/J010v28n01_02Google Scholar
Bowen-Reid, T. L., & Harrell, J. P. (2002). Racist experiences and health outcomes: An examination of spirituality as a buffer. Journal of Black Psychology, 28, 18–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798402028001002Google Scholar
Boyd-Franklin, N. (2010). Incorporating spirituality and religion into the treatment of African American clients. The Counseling Psychologist, 38(7), 976–1000. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000010374881Google Scholar
Brome, D. R., Owens, M. D., Allen, K., & Vevaina, T. (2000). An examination of spirituality among African American women in recovery from substance abuse. Journal of Black Psychology, 26(4), 470–486. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798400026004008Google Scholar
Burnett-Zeigler, I. (2021). Nobody knows the trouble I’ve seen: The emotional lives of Black women. Amistad.Google Scholar
Cashwell, C. S., & Swindle, P. J. (2018). When religion hurts: Supervising cases of religious abuse. The Clinical Supervisor, 37(1), 182–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/07325223.2018.1443305Google Scholar
Chaney, C. (2011). The invisibility of LGBT individuals in Black mega churches: Political and social implications. Journal of African American Studies, 15(2), 199–217.Google Scholar
Chatters, L. M., Taylor, R. J., Bullard, K. M., & Jackson, J. S. (2008). Spirituality and subjective religiosity among African Americans, Caribbean Blacks, and Non-Hispanic Whites. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 47(4), 725–737. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2008.00437.xGoogle Scholar
Cheadle, A. C. D., Dunkel Schetter, C., Gaines Lanzi, R., Reed Vance, M., Sahadeo, L. S., & Shalowitz, M. U. (2014). Spiritual and religious resources in African American women: Protection from depressive symptoms after childbirth. Clinical Psychological Science, 3(2), 283–291. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702614531581Google Scholar
Cheney, A. M, Curran, G. M., Booth, B. M., Sullivan, S. D., Stewart, K. E., & Borders, T. F. (2014). The religious and spiritual dimensions of cutting down and stopping cocaine use: A qualitative exploration among African Americans in the South. Journal of Drug Issues, 44(1), 94–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022042613491108Google Scholar
Constantine, M. G., Lewis, E. L., Conner, L. C., & Sanchez, D. (2000). Addressing spiritual and religious issues in counseling African Americans: Implications for counselor training and practice. Counseling and Values, 45, 28–39. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007X.2000.tb00180.xGoogle Scholar
Cooper, W. P., & Mitra, R. (2018). Religious disengagement and stigma management by African-American young adults. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 46(4), 509–533. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2018.1502462Google Scholar
Day, K. (2012). Unfinished business: Black women, the Black church, and the struggle to thrive in America. Orbis Books.Google Scholar
Dass-Brailsford, P. (2010). Crisis and disaster counseling: Lessons learned from Hurricane Katrina and other disasters. Sage.Google Scholar
Dessio, W., Wade, C., Chao, M., Kronenberg, F., Cushman, L.E., & Kalmuss, D. (2004). Religion, spirituality, and healthcare choices of African-American women: Results of a national survey. Ethnicity & Disease, 14(2), 189–197.Google Scholar
De Wit, J. R. (2011). Forgiving the church – How to release the confusion and hurt when the church abuses. IUniverse.Google Scholar
Gooden, A. S., & McMahon, S. D. (2016). Thriving among African‐American adolescents: Religiosity, religious support, and communalism. American Journal of Community Psychology, 57(1–2), 118–128.Google Scholar
Greer, T. W. (2011). Coping strategies as moderators of the relation between individual race-related stress and mental health symptoms for African American women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 35(2), 215–226. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684311399388Google Scholar
Greer, B. D., & Abel, M. W. (2017). Religious/spiritual coping in older African American women. The Qualitative Report, 22(1), 237–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2-11.09.005Google Scholar
Jacobs, T. D. (2014). African-American women elders in Adventist congregations. Journal of Applied Christian Leadership, 8(1), 38–54.Google Scholar
Kramer, M. W. (2011). A study of voluntary organizational membership: The assimilation process in a community choir. Western Journal of Communication, 75, 52–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/10570314.2010.536962Google Scholar
Levin, J., Taylor, R., & Chatters, L. (1995). A multidimensional measure of religious involvement for African Americans. Sociological Quarterly, 36(1), 157–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1995.tb02325.xGoogle Scholar
Lincoln, C. E., & Mamiya, L. H. (1990). The Black church in the African American experience. Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Marroquin, B. (2011). Interpersonal emotion regulation as a mechanism of social support in depression. Clinical Psychological Review, 31(8), 1276–1290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2011.09.005Google Scholar
Masci, D. (2018, February 7). 5 facts about the religious lives of African Americans. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/02/07/5-facts-about-the-religious-lives-of-african-americans/Google Scholar
Mattis, J. S. (2002). Religion and spirituality in the meaning-making and coping experiences of African American women: A qualitative analysis. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 26, 309–321.Google Scholar
Mattis, J. S., & Jagers, R. J. (2001). A relational framework for the study of religiosity and spirituality in the lives of African Americans. Journal of Community Psychology, 29(5), 519–539. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.1034Google Scholar
Mattis, J. S., & Watson, C. R. (2008). Religiosity and spirituality. In Tynes, B. M., Neville, H. A., & Utsey, S. O. (Eds.), Handbook of African American psychology (pp. 91–102). Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Maynard-Reid, P. U. (2000). Diverse worship: African-American, Caribbean and Hispanic perspectives. InterVarsity Press.Google Scholar
McGoldrick, M., Giordano, J., & Garcia-Preto, N. (2005). Ethnicity and family therapy (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Mengesha, M., & Ward, E. C. (2012). Psychotherapy with African-American women with depression: Is it okay to talk about their religious/spiritual beliefs? Religions, 3(1), 19–36. https://doi.org//10.3390/rel3010019Google Scholar
Mohamed, B. (2021, May 14). 10 new findings about faith among Black Americans. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/02/16/10-new-findings-about-faith-among-black-americans/Google Scholar
Neighbors, H. W., Musick, M.A., & Williams, D. R. (1998). The African American minister as a source of help for serious personal crises: Bridge or barrier to mental health care? Health Education Behavior, 25(6), 759–777. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019819802500606Google Scholar
Nobles, W. (2004). African philosophy: Foundation of Black psychology. In Jones, R. (Ed.), Black psychology (4th ed.). Cobb & Henry Press.Google Scholar
Post, B. C., & Wade, N. G. (2009). Religion and spirituality in psychotherapy: A practice-friendly review of research. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65(2), 131–146. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20563Google Scholar
Reed, T. D., & Neville, H. A. (2014). The influence of religiosity and spirituality on psychological well-being among African American women. Journal of Black Psychology, 40(4), 384–401. https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984134909Google Scholar
Richards, I. S., & Bergin, A. E. (2005). A spiritual strategy for counseling and psychotherapy. American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
Shorter-Gooden, K. (2004). Multiple resistance strategies: How African American women cope with racism and sexism. Journal of Black Psychology, 30(3), 406–425. https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984042660500Google Scholar
Smith, L. C., Friedman, S., & Nevid, J. (1999). Clinical and sociocultural differences in African American and European American patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 187(9), 549–560. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199909000-00004Google Scholar
Taylor, R. J., & Chatters, L. M. (1991). Extended family networks of older Black adults. Journal of Gerontology, 46(4), S210–S217.Google Scholar
Taylor, R. J., Chatters, L. M., & Levin, J. (2004). Religion in the lives of African Americans: Social, psychological, and health perspectives. Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Van, P. (2001). Breaking the silence of African-American women: Healing after pregnancy loss. Health Care Women Internationally, 22(3), 229–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399330120995Google Scholar
Walker-Barnes, C. (2014). Too heavy a yoke: Black women and the burden of strength. Wipf and Stock Publishers.Google Scholar
Wiggins, D. C. (2004). Righteous content: Black women’s perspectives of church and faith. New York University Press.Google Scholar
Wiggins, M. I. (2008). Therapist self-awareness of spirituality. In Aten, J. D., & Leach, M. M. (Eds.), Spirituality and the therapeutic process (pp. 53–74). American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
Williams, C. B., & Wiggins, M. I. (2010) Womanist spirituality as a response to the racism-sexism double bind in African American women. Counseling and Values, 54(2), 175–186.Google Scholar
Wilmoth, M., & Sanders, D. (2001). Accept me for myself: African American women’s issues after breast cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 28(5), 875–879.Google Scholar
Wimberly, E. P. (1997). Counseling African American marriages and families. Westminster John Knox Press.Google Scholar
Wolf, C. T., & Stevens, P. (2001). Integrating religion and spirituality in marriage and family counseling. Counseling and Values, 46(1), 66–75.Google Scholar
Organizations
The Boris Lawrence Henson Foundation: Break the Silence, Break the Cycle. (n.d.). https://borislhensonfoundation.orgGoogle Scholar
Books
Harris, T. W. (2021). Dear black girl: Letters from your sisters on stepping into your power. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.Google Scholar
Taylor, K. Y. (2017). How we get free: Black feminism and the Combahee River Collective. Haymarket Books.Google Scholar
Podcasts
Shani, T. (Executive Producer). (2020–present). The Shani Project [Audio podcast]. https://www.audible.com/pd/The-Shani-Project-Podcast/B08JJP5LHN or https://open.spotify.com/show/5GvieDmKNmcUWXH7VVdz3EGoogle Scholar
Media Resources
Barnes, Z. (2020, June 2). 44 mental health resources for black people trying to survive in this country. Self. https://www.self.com/story/black-mental-health-resourcesGoogle Scholar
Oprah Winfrey Network. (2019, September 15). Black women discuss therapy: Black women OWN the conversation [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/1blnmyfTeZYGoogle Scholar
Oprah Winfrey Network. (2020). Why seeking therapy is seen as “a sign of weakness” in the Black community. Dark girls 2 [Video]. https://www.oprah.com/own-darkgirls2/the-stigma-of-seeking-therapy-in-the-black-communityGoogle Scholar
References
Brockes, E. (2019, March 16). Simone Biles: “I go to therapy, because at times I didn’t want to set foot in the gym.” The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/mar/16/simone-biles-therapy-times-didnt-want-set-foot-gymGoogle Scholar
Butler, B. (2020, December 14). Taraji P. Henson wants Black people to talk more openly about mental health. Her new show does just that. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2020/12/14/taraji-p-henson-peace-of-mind-q-and-a/Google Scholar
Daniels, T. (2019, December 10). LeBron James talks mental health, says he lost “love for the game” in 2011. Bleacher Report. https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2866319-lebron-james-talks-mental-health-says-he-lost-love-for-the-game-in-2011Google Scholar
Flanigan, A. (2020, December 14). Mental health alternatives to therapy. Therapy for Black Girls. https://therapyforblackgirls.com/2020/12/14/mental-health-alternatives-to-therapy/Google Scholar
Gillespie, C. (2018, October 3). Serena Williams explains why she doesn’t use the term “postpartum depression.” Self. https://www.self.com/story/serena-williams-doesnt-use-the-term-postpartum-depressionGoogle Scholar
Grant, J. (2020, December 6). We applaud these Black celebs for helping to erase mental health stigmas with their testimonies: There’s no shame in seeking help to get back to happy and these celebrities are living proof of that. Essence. https://www.essence.com/lifestyle/health-wellness/black-celebs-help-erase-mental-health-stigmas-encourage-therapy/Google Scholar
Jacoby, S. (2021, March 11). Former president Obama on how he managed his mental health while in office. Self. https://www.self.com/story/barack-obama-mental-healthGoogle Scholar
King, A. (2018, January 27). Jay-Z says therapists should be in schools. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2018/01/27/us/jay-z-on-therapists-cnntv/index.htmlGoogle Scholar
Mental Health America. (n.d.). Black and African American communities and mental health. Retrieved September 27, 2022, from https://www.mhanational.org/issues/black-and-african-american-communities-and-mental-healthGoogle Scholar
Ong, J. (2021, December 25). The real reason why Halle Berry still sees a therapist. TheThings.com. https://www.thethings.com/halle-berry-sees-therapist/Google Scholar
Oprah Winfrey Network. (2018, November 12). The pivotal lesson Michelle Obama learned from marriage counseling [Video segment]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPFa23sZ7AYGoogle Scholar
Rolling, (2020, October 7). Kerry Washington struggling with “a lot of anxiety and stress.” Rollingout.com. https://rollingout.com/2020/10/07/kerry-washington-struggling-with-a-lot-of-anxiety-and-stress/Google Scholar
Therapy for Black Girls. (n.d.). Find a great therapist for Black girls in your area. Retrieved September 27, 2022, from https://providers.therapyforblackgirls.comGoogle Scholar
Wells, V. (2019, December 18). Nobody gives a f*ck about you.” Issa Rae talks the importance of going to therapy when you work in Hollywood. Madame Noire.com. https://madamenoire.com/1120911/nobody-gives-a-fck-about-you-issa-rae-talks-the-importance-of-going-to-therapy-when-you-work-in-hollywood/Google Scholar