The outstanding representative of the Hegelian influence in American thought is Josiah Royce, the originality of whose contributions to modern philosophy, especially in the field of logic, have lately won further recognition. Born at Grass Valley, Nevada County, California, in 1855, he graduated at the University of California. After a stay in Germany, at Leipzig and Göttingen, he returned to the U.S.A. to complete his studies at the Johns Hopkins University, where his contemporaries included William James and C. S. Peirce. From 1878 to 1882 he taught English at California, and from the latter year until 1885, philosophy at Harvard. In 1892 he was appointed to the professorship there which he held until his death in 1916. His best-known publications include The Religious Aspect of Philosophy (1885), The Spirit of Modern Philosophy (1892), The Concept of God (1897), the Gifford Lectures for 1899–1900 on The World and the Individual (1900–1, The Philosophy of Loyalty (1908) and The Problem of Christianity (1913). Both as a teacher and writer Royce was widely influential, combining solid learning with great versatility, and in his lifetime won for himself an international reputation. Endowed with a restless and searching intelligence, and master of a remarkable dialectical skill, he wrote not only on metaphysics and logic (including mathematical logic), but on history, literature and social ethics. His early volume on The Religious Aspect of Philosophy, which deeply impressed William James, so far from being the merely tentative essay of a young author, is striking at once for its maturity of approach and for the extent to which Royce anticipates twentieth-century attitudes.