The right of self-determination of peoples holds out the promise of sovereign statehood for all peoples and a domination-free international order. But it also harbors the danger of state fragmentation that can threaten international stability if claims of self-determination lead to secessions. Covering both the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century independence movements in the Americas and the twentieth-century decolonization worldwide, this book examines the conceptual and political history of the right of self-determination of peoples. It addresses the political contexts in which the right and concept were formulated and the practices developed to restrain its potentially anarchic character, its inception in anti-colonialism, nationalism, and the labor movement, its instrumentalization at the end of the First World War in a formidable duel that Wilson lost to Lenin, its abuse by Hitler, the path after the Second World War to its recognition as a human right in 1966, and its continuing impact after decolonization.

‘Ranging authoritatively and easily over disciplines, periods and regions, combining deep historical and legal insights with detailed commentary and crisp and informed judgment, Professor Fisch’s book provides us with a rich and original global history of self-determination. Self-determination will continue to be a subject of debate and ongoing controversy. But this masterful work will be an indispensable reference point for all such discussions.’

Antony Anghie - University of Utah

‘This is an ambitious and yet elegantly composed study of a complex notion. Dr Jörg Fisch combines a conceptual analysis of the notion of ‘self-determination’ and cognate expressions with a dense chronology of illustrations of their uses in international practice. Highlighting the contrast between the irreducible idealism and the political instrumentality of self-determination, Fisch produces a powerful explanation for the surprising persistence of a notion that is full of paradoxes and yet indispensable in modern political life.’

Martti Koskenniemi - University of Helsinki