Secondary sourcesAhmed, A., ‘Regional development process and distribution of tribal population in mid-India’, in Kosinski and Elahi, Population redistribution and development in South Asia.
Ahmed, Q. S., ‘Some aspects of population redistribution in Pakistan, 1951–1981’, in Kosinski and Elahi, Population redistribution and development in South Asia.
Anderson, M., Frontiers. Territory and state formation in the modern world, Cambridge, 1996.
Ansari, S., ‘Partition, migration and refugees. Responses to the arrival of Muhajirs in Sind during 1947–1948’, South Asia, 18, 1995.
Anwar, A. A., Effects of partition on industries in the border districts of Lahore and Sialkot, Lahore, 1953.
Ashraf, A., City government in Calcutta, Bombay, 1966.
Austin, G., The Indian constitution. Cornerstone of a nation, Bombay, 2000.
Bagchi, A. K., ‘Studies on the economy of West Bengal since independence’, Economic and Political Weekly, 21 November 1998.
Bagchi, J., ‘Women in Calcutta. After independence’, in S. Chaudhuri, Calcutta, vol. II.
Bagchi, J., and Dasgupta, S. (eds.), The trauma and the triumph. Gender and partition in eastern India, Calcutta, 2003.
Bandopadhyay, H., Udvastu (‘Refugee’, in Bengali), Calcutta, 1990.
Bandopadhyaya, M., Bhed bibhed (‘Prejudice’, in Bengali), 2 vols., Calcutta, 1992.
Bandyopadhyay, S., Caste, protest and identity in colonial India. The Namasudras of Bengal, 1872–1947, London, 1997.
Banerjee, N., Women workers in the unorganised sector. The Calcutta experience, Hyderabad, 1985.
Banerjee, S., In the wake of Naxalbari. A history of the Naxalite movement in India, Calcutta, 1980.
Banerjee, S., and Ray, S., ‘On construction of district development index in West Bengal’, Economic and Political Weekly, 21 November 1998.
Bardhan, P., ‘Dominant classes in India's democracy’, in Kohli, India's democracy.
Basu, M., Anthropological profile of the Muslims of Calcutta (Anthropological Survey of India), Calcutta, 1985.
Basu, S., Politics of violence. A case study of West Bengal, Calcutta, 1982.
Basu, S.,Does class matter? Colonial capital and workers' resistance in Bengal, 1890–1937, New Delhi, 2004.
Basu, S. K., and Bhattacharyya, S. K., Land reforms in West Bengal. A study in implementation, Calcutta, 1963.
Basu-RoyChowdhury, ‘Exiled to the Andamans. The refugees from East Pakistan’, in P. K. Bose, Refugees in West Bengal.
Bayly, C. A., and Harper, T. N., Forgotten armies. The fall of British Asia, 1941–1945, London, 2004.
Bhalla, A. (ed.), Stories about the partition (2 vols.), New Delhi, 1994.
Bhattacharya, S., ‘The colonial state and the Communist Party of India, 1942–1945. A reappraisal’, South Asia Research, 15, 1, 1995.
Bhattacharya, S.,Propaganda and information in eastern India 1939–1945. A necessary weapon of war, Richmond upon Thames, 2001.
Bhattacharyya, D., ‘Agrarian reforms and the politics of the left in West Bengal’, University of Cambridge, doctoral dissertation, 1993.
Bose, M. (ed.), Land reforms in eastern India, Calcutta, 1981.
Bose, N. K., Calcutta: 1964. A social survey (Anthropological Survey of India), Bombay, New Delhi, Calcutta and Madras, 1968.
Bose, P. K. (ed.), Refugees in West Bengal. Institutional processes and contested identities, Calcutta, 2000.
Bose, T. K., and Manchanda, R. (eds.), States, citizens and outsiders. The uprooted peoples of South Asia, Kathmandu, 1987.
Boyce, J. K., Agrarian impasse in Bengal. Institutional constraints to technological change, Oxford, 1987.
Buchanan, A., and Moore, M. (eds.), States, nations and borders. The ethics of making boundaries, Cambridge, 2003.
Butalia, U., The other side of silence. Voices from the partition of India, New Delhi, 1998.
Campbell-Johnson, A., Mission with Mountbatten, London, 1985 edn.
Chakrabarti, P. K., The marginal men. The refugees and the left political syndrome in West Bengal, Calcutta, 1990.
Chakrabarty, D., Rethinking working-class history. Bengal, 1890–1940, Delhi, 1989.
Chakrabarty, D.,Habitations of modernity. Essays in the wake of subaltern studies, Chicago, 2002.
Chakrabarty, S., With Dr B. C. Roy and other chief ministers. A record up to 1962, Calcutta, 1974.
Chandavarkar, R., The origins of industrial capitalism in India. Business strategies and the working classes in Bombay, 1900–1940, Cambridge, 1994.
Chatterjee, B., ‘Poverty in West Bengal. What have we learnt?’, Economic and Political Weekly, 21 November 1998.
Chatterjee, N., ‘The East Bengal refugees. A lesson in survival’, in S. Chaudhuri, Calcutta, vol. II, Delhi, 1990.
Chatterjee, N.,‘Midnight's unwanted children. East Bengal refugees and the politics of rehabilitation’, Brown University, doctoral dissertation, 1992.
Chatterjee, P., The present history of West Bengal, Delhi, 1997.
Chatterji, J., Bengal divided. Hindu communalism and partition, 1932–1947, Cambridge, 1994.
Chatterji, J.,‘The fashioning of a frontier. The Radcliffe line and Bengal's border landscape, 1947–1952’, Modern Asian Studies, 33, 1, 1999.
Chatterji, J.,‘Of graveyards and ghettos. Muslims in partitioned West Bengal, 1947–1967’, in Hasan and Roy, Living together separately.
Chatterji, J.,‘Rights or charity? The debate over relief and rehabilitation in West Bengal, 1947–1950’, in Kaul, Partitions of memory.
Chatterji, R. (ed.), Politics in West Bengal. Institutions, processes and problems, Calcutta, 1985.
Chattopadhyaya, H., Internal migration in India. A case study of Bengal, Calcutta, 1987.
Chaudhuri, P., ‘Refugees in West Bengal. A study of the growth and distribution of refugee settlements within the CMD’, Occasional Paper No. 55, Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta, 1983.
Chaudhuri, S., Calcutta. The living city (2 vols.), Delhi, 1990.
Chester, L. Payne, ‘Drawing the Indo-Pakistani boundary during the 1947 partition of South Asia’, Yale University, doctoral dissertation, 2002.
Cooper, A., Sharecropping and sharecroppers' struggles in Bengal, 1930–1950, Calcutta, 1988.
Crow, B., Sharing the Ganges. The politics and technology of river development, Dhaka, 1997.
Das, S., and Ray, J. K., The goondas. Towards a reconstruction of the Calcutta underworld, Calcutta, 1996.
Das Gupta, R., Economy, society and politics in Bengal. Jalpaiguri 1869–1947, Delhi, 1992.
Das Gupta, R.,Migrant workers, rural connections and capitalism, Calcutta, 1987.
Dasgupta, A., ‘Denial and resistance. Sylheti partition refugees in Assam’, Contemporary South Asia, 10, 3, 2001.
De, S. L., and Bhattacharjee, A. K., ‘Social consciousness and fertility patterns of the refugee settlers in the Sundarbans’, National Library, Calcutta, c. 1974.
Haan, A., Unsettled settlers. Migrant workers and industrial capitalism in Calcutta, Rotterdam, 1994.
Eaton, R., The rise of Islam and the Bengal frontier, 1204–1760, Oxford, 1993.
Farmer, B. L., Agricultural colonisation in India since independence, London, 1974.
Field, J. O., and Franda, M. F., Electoral politics in the Indian states. The communist parties of West Bengal, Delhi, 1974.
Forbes Martin, S., Refugee women, London, 1991.
Franda, M., West Bengal and the federalizing process in India, Princeton, 1968.
Franda, M.,Radical politics in West Bengal, Cambridge, MA, 1971.
Gaborieu, M. (ed.), Asia du sud. Traditions et changement, Paris, 1979.
Galanter, M., Competing equalities. Law and the backward classes in India, Berkeley, 1984.
Gallagher, J. A., ‘Congress in decline. Bengal, 1930–1939’, Modern Asian Studies, 7, 3, 1973.
George, K. K., ‘Discretionary budgetary transfers. A review’, in Gulati, I. S. (ed.), Centre–state budgetary transfers, Delhi, 1987.
Ghosh, A., Ahimsa and Gandhi, Calcutta, 1954.
Ghosh, A.,The split. Indian National Congress, Calcutta, 1980.
Ghosh, A. K., ‘Bengali refugees at Dandakarya. A tragedy of rehabilitation’, in P. K. Bose, Refugees in West Bengal.
Ghosh, G., ‘God is a refugee. Nationality, morality and history in the partition of India’, Social Analysis, 42, 1, 1998.
Ghosh, P., ‘Partition's Biharis’, Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, 17, 2, 1997.
Ghosh, S., The disinherited state. A study of West Bengal 1967–1970, Calcutta, 1971.
Gordon, L., Bengal. The nationalist movement 1876–1940, New Delhi, 1979.
Gordon, R., ‘The Hindu Mahasabha and the Indian National Congress 1916–1926’, Modern Asian Studies, 9, 2, 1985.
Goswami, O., Industry, trade and peasant society. The jute economy of eastern India, 1900–1947, Delhi, 1991.
Goswami, O.,‘Sahibs, babus and banias. Changes in industrial control in eastern India, 1918–1956’, Journal of Asian Studies, 48, 2, May 1989.
Graham, B., Hindu nationalism and Indian politics. The origins and development of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, Cambridge, 1990.
Guhathakurta, M., ‘Families uprooted and divided. The case of the Bengal partition’, paper presented at workshop on ‘Alternative Histories and Non-written Sources. New Perspectives from the South’, La Paz, May 1999.
Gulati, I. S., and George, K. K., ‘Inter-state redistribution through the budget’, in Gulati, (ed.), Centre–state budgetary transfers, Delhi, 1987.
Gupta, D., The context of ethnicity. Sikh identity in a comparative perspective, Delhi, 1997.
Gupta, S., ‘Samaj and unity. The Bengali literati's discourse on nationhood’, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, doctoral dissertation, 2004.
Hasan, M., Legacy of a divided nation. India's Muslims since independence, Delhi, 1997.
Hasan, M., and Roy, A. (eds.), Living together separately. Cultural India in history and politics, New Delhi, 2005.
Hazarika, S., Rites of passage. Border crossings, imagined homelands: India's east and Bangladesh, New Delhi, 2000.
Hodson, H. V., The great divide. Britain, India, Pakistan, London, 1969.
Hutnyk, J., The rumour of Calcutta. Tourism, charity and the poverty of representation, London, 1996.
Iqbal, I. K., ‘Ecology, economy and society in the eastern Bengal delta, c. 1840–1943’, University of Cambridge, doctoral dissertation, 2005.
Jalais, A., ‘Dwelling on Morichjhanpi. When tigers became “citizens” and refugees “tigerfood”’, Economic and Political Weekly, 3 April 2005.
Jalal, A., The sole spokesman. Jinnah, the Muslim League and the demand for Pakistan, Cambridge, 1985.
Joshi, C., ‘Bonds of community, ties of religion. Kanpur textile workers in the early twentieth century’, Indian Economic and Social History Review, 22, 3, 1985.
Joshi, C.,Lost worlds. Indian labour and its forgotten histories, Delhi, 2003.
Kamaluddin, A. F. M., ‘Refugee problems in Bangladesh’, in Kosinski and Elahi, Population redistribution.
Karlekar, M., Voices from within. Early personal narratives of Bengali women, Delhi, 1991.
Kaul, S. (ed.), Partitions of memory. The afterlife of the partition of India, New Delhi, 2001.
Kerr, I. J. (ed.), Railways in modern India, New Delhi, 2001.
Khan, M. I., ‘The significance of the dargah of Hazratbal in the socio-religious and political life of Kashmiri Muslims’, in Troll, Muslim shrines in India.
Kochanek, S., The Congress party of India. The dynamics of one-party democracy, Princeton, 1968.
Kohli, A., Democracy and discontent. India's growing crisis of governability, Cambridge, 1990.
Kohli, A.,(ed.), India's democracy. An analysis of changing state–society relations, Princeton, 1988.
Kosinski, L. A., and Elahi, K. M. (eds.), Population redistribution and development in South Asia, Dordrecht, 1985.
Kudaisya, G., ‘The demographic upheaval of partition’, South Asia, 18, 1995.
Kudaisya, G.,‘Divided landscapes, fragmented identities. East Bengal refugees and their rehabilitation in India’, in Low and Brasted, Freedom, trauma, continuities.
Kudaisya, G., and Tan, Tai Yong, The aftermath of partition in South Asia, London and New York, 2000.
Kymlicka, W. (ed.), The rights of minority cultures, Oxford, 1995.
Laushey, D. M., Bengal terrorism and the Marxist left, Calcutta, 1975.
Lee, J. J., Ireland 1912–1985. Politics and society, Cambridge, 1993.
Low, D. A., and Brasted, H. (eds.), Freedom, trauma, continuities. Northern India and independence, New Delhi, 1998.
Lustick, I., ‘Thresholds of opportunity and barriers to change in the right-sizing of states’, in O'Leary, Lustick and Callaghy, Right-sizing the state.
Mallick, R., Indian communism. Opposition, collaboration and institutionalisation, Delhi, 1994.
Mallick, R.,‘Refugee resettlement in forest reserves. West Bengal policy reversal and the Marichjhapi massacre’, Journal of Asian Studies, 58, 1, February 1999.
Martin, M., The history, antiquities, topography and statistics of eastern India. Comprising the districts of Behar, Shahbad, Bhagalpoor, Goruckpoor, Dinajepoor, Puraniya, Rungporr and Assam, London, 1838.
Mazumdar, S. N., In search of a revolutionary ideology and a revolutionary programme. A study in the transition from national revolutionary terrorism to communism, New Delhi, 1979.
McPherson, K., The Muslim microcosm. Calcutta 1918–1935, Wiesbaden, 1974.
Menon, R., and Bhasin, K., Borders and boundaries. Women in India's partition, New Delhi, 2000.
Mitra, A., The new India 1948–1955. Memoirs of an Indian civil servant, Bombay, 1991.
Mookerjee, S. P., Leaves from a diary, Calcutta, 1993.
Moon, P. (ed.), Wavell. The Viceroy's journal, London, 1973.
Mukherjee, M., ‘Railways and their impact on Bengal's economy, 1870–1920’, in Kerr, Railways in modern India.
Mukherji, A. B., ‘A cultural ecological appraisal of refugee settlement in independent India’, in Kosinski and Elahi, Population redistribution and development in South Asia.
Mukhopadhyay, S., Bharater Communist Party o amra (‘The Communist Party of India and ourselves’), Calcutta, 1989.
Mukhpopadhyay, I., ‘Calcutta's informal sector. Changing patterns of labour use’, Economic and Political Weekly, 21 November 1998.
Nakatani, T., ‘Away from home. The movement and settlement of refugees from East Pakistan into West Bengal, India’, Journal of the Japanese Association for South Asian Studies, 12, 2000.
Nakatani, T.,‘The strategies of movement and settlement of refugees from East Pakistan to West Bengal, India’, unpublished paper presented at the Indo-Dutch Conference on Displaced People in South Asia, Chennai, March 2001.
Neogy, A. K., Partitions of Bengal, Calcutta, 1987.
Nugent, P., ‘Arbitrary lines in the people's minds. A dissenting view on colonial boundaries in West Africa’, in Nugent, P. and Asiwaju, A. I. (eds.), African boundaries. Barriers, conduits and opportunities, London and New York, 1996.
O'Leary, B., ‘The elements of right-sizing and right-peopling the state’, in O'Leary, Lustick and Callaghy, Right-sizing the state.
O'Leary, B., Lustick, I. S., and Callaghy, T. (eds.), Right-sizing the state. The politics of moving borders, Oxford, 2001.
Omvedt, G.,‘Migration in colonial India. The articulation of feudalism and capitalism by the colonial state’, Journal of Peasant Studies, 7, 2, 1980.
Pakrasi, K. B., The uprooted. A sociological study of the refugees of West Bengal, India, Calcutta, 1971.
Pandey, G., Remembering partition. Violence, nationalism and independence in India, Cambridge, 2001.
Prescott, J. R. V., Political frontiers and boundaries, London, 1987.
Prior, K., ‘Making history. The state's intervention in religious disputes in the North-Western Provinces in the early nineteenth century’, Modern Asian Studies, 27, 1, 1993.
Racine, J. (ed.), Calcutta 1981. The city, its crisis and the debate on urban planning and development, New Delhi, 1990.
Rahman, M. M., and Schendel, W., ‘“I am not a refugee.” Rethinking partition migration’, Modern Asian Studies, 37, 3, 2003.
Rai, S. M., Partition of the Punjab. A study of its effects on the politics and administration of the Punjab, 1947–1956, New York, 1965.
Ramaswamy, S., Passions of the tongue. Language devotion in Tamil India, 1891–1970, Berkeley, 1997.
Rasul, M. A., A history of the All India Kisan Sabha, Calcutta, 1974.
Ray, M., ‘Growing up refugee. On memory and locality’, in P. K. Bose, Refugees in West Bengal.
Ray, R., The Naxalities and their ideology, New Delhi, 1988.
Ray, R. K., Social conflict and political unrest in Bengal, 1875–1927, Oxford, 1984.
Raychaudhuri, A., and Chatterjee, B., ‘Pattern of industrial growth in West Bengal during the last two decades. Some policy suggestions’, Economic and Political Weekly, 21 November 1998.
Retzlaff, R. H., ‘The Constituent Assembly of India and the problem of Indian unity. A study of the actions taken by the Constituent Assembly of India to overcome divisive forces in Indian social and political life during the drafting of the Indian constitution’, Cornell University, doctoral dissertation, 1960.
Rosselli, J., ‘The self-image of effeteness. Physical education and nationalism in nineteenth-century Bengal’, Past and Present, 86, February 1980.
Roy, A., The Islamic syncretist tradition in Bengal, Princeton, 1983.
Sainath, P., Everybody loves a good drought. Stories from India's poorest villages, London, 1996.
Samaddar, R., The marginal nation. Transborder migration from Bangladesh to West Bengal, New Delhi, 1999.
Samaddar, R.,(ed.), Reflections on partition in the east, New Delhi, 1997.
Samaddar, R.,(ed.), Refugees and the state. Practices of asylum and care in India, 1947–2000, New Delhi, 2003.
Santhanam, K., Union–state relations in India, New Delhi, 1960.
Sanyal, H., ‘Congress movements in the villages of eastern Midnapore, 1921–1931’, in Gaborieu, Asia du sud.
Sarkar, S., The swadeshi movement in Bengal, 1903–1908, New Delhi, 1973.
Sarkar, T., Bengal 1928–1934. The politics of protest, Delhi, 1987.
Sarkar, T.,Words to win. The making of Amar Jiban: A modern autobiography, New Delhi, 1999.
Sen, A., ‘Life and labour in a squatters' colony’, Occasional Paper No. 138, Centre for Studies in the Social Sciences, Calcutta, 1992.
Sen, S., Women and labour in late colonial India. The Bengal jute industry, Cambridge, 1999.
Sen, S., ‘The legal regime for refugee relief and rehabilitation in West Bengal, 1946–1958’, in P. K. Bose, Refugees in West Bengal.
Sen, U., ‘Settlement of East Pakistani displaced persons in the Andaman islands. A case study of the politics of refugee rehabilitation’, MPhil. seminar paper, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 2005.
Sen Gupta, P., ‘The Congress party in West Bengal. Politics, patronage and power, 1947–1983’, in R. Chatterji, Politics in West Bengal.
Sen Gupta, P.,The Congress party in West Bengal. A study of factionalism 1947–1986, Calcutta, 1986.
Sengupta, B., Communism in Indian politics, New York, 1972.
Sengupta, N., History of the Bengali-speaking people, New Delhi, 2001.
Siddiqui, M. K. A., ‘Life in the slums of Calcutta’, Economic and Political Weekly, 13 December 1969.
Siddiqui, M. K. A.,The Muslims of Calcutta. A study in aspects of their social organisation (Anthropological Survey of India), Calcutta, 1974.
Siddiqui, M. K. A.,(ed.), Marginal Muslim communities in India, New Delhi, 2004.
Sinha, D., ‘Foundation of a refugee market. A study in self-reliance initiative’, in P. K. Bose, Refugees in West Bengal.
Sinha-Kerkhoff, K., ‘Partition memories, “minoritization” and discourses of rootedness in Jharkhand. A comparison of cross-border displaced and “invisible refugees” in Jharkhand’, paper presented at the Indo-Dutch Conference on ‘Displaced People in South Asia’, Chennai, March 2001.
Sinha-Kerkhoff, K.,Tyranny of partition. Hindus in Bangladesh and Muslims in India, New Delhi, 2006.
Smith, D. E. (ed.), South Asian politics and religion, Princeton, 1966.
Spate, O. H. K., and Learmonth, A. T. A., India and Pakistan. A general and regional geography, Bungay, 1967.
Tan, Tai Yong, ‘Sir Cyril goes to India: partition, boundary-making and disruptions in the Punjab’, International Journal of Punjab Studies, 4, 1, 1997.
Talukdar, M. H. R. (ed.), The memoirs of Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, Dhaka, 1987.
Thomas, P. J., The growth of federal finance in India. Being a survey of India's public finances from 1833 to 1939, Oxford, 1939.
Troll, C. W. (ed.), Muslim shrines in India. Their character, history and significance, Delhi, 1992.
Tyagi, V. V. S., ‘The economic impact of partition on Indian agriculture and related industries’, American University, Washington, DC, doctoral dissertation, 1958.
Vakil, C. N., Economic consequences of divided India. A study of the economy of India and Pakistan, Bombay, 1950.
Hear, N., New diasporas. The mass exodus, dispersal and regrouping of migrant communities, London, 1998.
Van Hear, N.,‘Refugee diasporas. Trans-national links among displaced people in South Asia and beyond’, paper presented at the Indo-Dutch conference on ‘Displaced People in South Asia’, Chennai, March 2001.
Schendel, W., The Bengal borderland. Beyond state and nation in South Asia, London, 2005.
Schendel, W.,‘Easy come, easy go. Smugglers on the Ganges’, Journal of Contemporary Asia, 23, 2, 1993.
Schendel, W.,‘Working through partition. Making a living in the Bengal borderlands’, International Review of Social History, 46, 2001.
Vithal, B. P. R., and Sastry, M. L., Fiscal federalism in India, New Delhi, 2001.
Weber, R., ‘Women's role in the development of refugee colonies in South Calcutta’, in P. K. Bose, Refugees in West Bengal.
Weiner, M., Party building in a new nation. The Indian National Congress, Chicago, 1967.
Weiner, M.,Party politics in India. The development of a multi-party system, Princeton, 1957.
Weiner, M.,Political change in South Asia, Calcutta, 1963.
Weiner, M.,The politics of scarcity. Public pressure and political response in India, Chicago, 1962
Weiner, M.,Sons of the soil. Migration and ethnic conflict in India, Princeton, 1978.
Wilson, T. M., and Donnan, H., ‘Nation, state and identity at international borders’, in Wilson, and Donnan, (eds.), Border identities. Nation and state at international frontiers, Cambridge, 1998.
Wirth, L., On cities and social life. Selected papers, Chicago, 1964.
Wright, T. P. Jnr, ‘The effectiveness of Muslim representation in India’, in Smith, South Asian politics and religion.
Zolberg, A. R., ‘The formation of new states as a refugee-generating process’, Annals, 467, May 1983.
Zolberg, A. R., Suhrke, A., and Aguayo, S., Escape from violence. Conflict and the refugee crisis in the developing world, New York and Oxford, 1992.
