Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 8
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
May 2012
Print publication year:
2012
Online ISBN:
9781139151733
Subjects:
Law, Humanitarian Law

Book description

This book is the first comprehensive analysis of the politics of war crimes trials. It provides a systematic and theoretically rigorous examination of whether these trials are used as tools for political consolidation or whether justice is their primary purpose. The consideration of cases begins with the trial of Charles I of England and goes through the presidency of George W. Bush, including the trials of Saddam Hussein and those arising from the War on Terror. The book concludes that political consolidation is the primary concern of these trials - a point that runs contrary to the popular perception of the trials and their stated justification. Through the consideration of war crimes trials, this book makes a contribution to our understanding of power and conflict resolution and illuminates the developmental path of war crimes tribunals.

Reviews

'… Smith’s work is informative and well written, deserving of review and contemplation by any interested in the subject matter.'

Matthew Kane Source: International Affairs

'… a crucial linkage between the emergence of international criminal law and a new humanitarian law regime … The Rise and Fall of War Crimes Trials provides historical context for this emergence.'

James Gondi Source: International Journal of Transitional Justice

Refine List

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
×

Contents

References

Ailslieger, K. 1999. “Why the United States Should be Wary of the International Criminal Court: Concerns over Sovereignty and Constitutional Guarantees.” Washburn Law Journal 39: 80–105.
Aghion, A. (director). 2002. Gacaca: Living Together Again in Rwanda?Icarus Films.
Akande, D. 2004. “International Law Immunities and the International Criminal Court.” The American Journal of International Law 98(3): 407–33.
Allen, S. G. 2002. Letter to Constituents. Virginia. 22 July.
Almack, E. 1901. Eikon Basilike or the King’s Book. London: Chattle and Windus, Boston: John W. Luce.
Amnesty International. 2002. Gacaca: A Question of Justice. London: Amnesty International.
Amnesty International 2005. Iraq Special Tribunal-Fair Trials Not Guaranteed. London: Amnesty International.
Andersen, M. E. 1993. Dossier Secreto, Argentina’s Desaparecidos and the Myth of the “Dirty War.”Boulder: Westview Press.
Ansolabehere, S. and J. M. Snyder. 2002. “The Incumbency Advantage in U.S. Elections: An Analysis of State and Federal Offices, 1942–2000.” Election Law Journal: Rules, Politics and Policy 1(3): 315–38.
Aquinas, St. T. 1913–25. Summa Theologica. Trans. Fathers of the English Dominica Province pt. II, 2nd. Pt., qu. 58, art I., London: FEDP.
Aristotle. 1994. The Politics. Trans. by Carnes Lord. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Arnold, A. 2003. “Trial by Fire: the International Criminal Court pushes ahead.” Harvard International Review 24(4): 11–12.
Arnold, D. R. 1979. Congress and the Bureaucracy: A Theory of Influence. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Asmal, K., L. Asmal, and R. S. Roberts. 1997. Reconciliation Through Truth: A Reckoning of Apartheid’s Criminal Governance 2nd ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Associated Press. 2006. “Sentenced to Die: Iraqi Court Rules That Saddam Hussein, 2 Co-Defendants Will Hang For Dujail Killings.” Chicago Tribune Nov. 6, 2006, p. 6.
Associated Press 2009. A look at statistics on Guantanamo detainees past and present. 13 November 2009. http://news.gaeatimes.com/a-look-at-statistics-on-guantanamo-detainees-past-and-present-228903/.
Aukerman, M. J. 2002. “Extraordinary Evil, Ordinary Crime: A Framework for Understanding Transitional Justice.” Harvard Human Rights Journal 15 : 39–97.
Background Information on the I. C. C. 1998. United Nations: www.un.org/icc/justice(trigger)(crimes).
Bachrach, P. and M. S. Baratz. 1962. “Two Faces of Power.” The American Political Science Review 56(4): 947–52.
Baird, J. W. 1982. From Nuremberg to Mai Lai. Cambridge, MA: D.C. Heath & Co.
Baldwin, R. E. and C. S. McGee. 1998. Is Trade Policy for Sale?: Congressional Voting on Recent Trade Bills. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
Barnes, J. E. 2007. “America’s own unlawful conmbatants?Los Angeles Times 15 October 2007, p. A1.
Barnett, M. and R. Duvall. 2005. “Power in International Politics.” International Organization 59(1): 39–75.
Barria, L. A. and S. D. Roper. 2005. “How Effective are International Criminal Tribunals? An Analysis of the ICTY and the ICTR.” The International Journal of Human Rights 9(3): 349–68.
Bass, G. J. 2000. Stay The Hand Of Vengeance: The Politics of War Crimes Tribunals. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Bass, G. J 2003. “Milosevic in the Hague.” Foreign Affairs 82(3): 83–96.
Baxter, R. R. 1958. “Criminal Jurisdiction in the NATO Status of Forces Agreement.” The International and Comparative Law Quarterly 7(1): 72–81.
Becker, E. 2002. “On World Court, U.S. Focus Shifts to Shielding Officials.” New York Times 27 September: A1+.
Belknap, M. R. 2002. “A Putrid Pedigree: The Bush Administration’s Military Tribunals in Historical Perspective.” California Western Law Review 38: 433–80.
Benton, W. E. 1955. Nuremberg: German Views of the War Trials. Dallas: SMU Press.
Blais, A. 1974. “Power and Causality.” Quality and Quantity 8: 45–64.
Bland, M. A. 1995. “An Analysis of the United Nations International Tribunal to Adjudicate War Crimes Committed in the Former Yugoslavia: Parallels, Problems, Prospects.” Global Legal Studies Journal II: 1–35.
Bodenheimer, F. M. 1962. Jurisprudence, the Philosophy and Method of Law. Boston: Harvard University Press.
Bolton, J. R. 2001. “The United States and the International Criminal Court: The Risks and Weaknesses of the International Criminal Court from America’s Perspective.” Law and Contemporary Problems 64:167–81.
Boyle, F. A. 1996. Negating Human Rights in Peace Negotiations. Helsinki: Domovina Net.
Brackman, A. C. 1987. The Other Nuremberg: The Untold Story of the Tokyo War Crimes Trials. New York: Quill, William, Morrow.
Brannigan, A. and N. A. Jones. 2009. “Genocide and the Legal Process in Rwanda: From Genocide Amnesty to the New Rule of Law.” International Criminal Justice Review 19(2): 192–207.
British Broadcasting Corporation. 1998: “Northern Ireland peace deal reached.” news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/10/newsid_2450000/2450823.stm.
Bueno de Mesquita, B., J. D. Morrow, R. M. Siverson, and A. Smith. 1999. “An Institutional Explanation of the Democratic Peace.” American Political Science Review 93(4): 791–807.
Bugajski, J. 1996. “Balkan Myths and Bosnian Massacres.” in The South Slav Conflict, eds. R. G. C. Thomas and H. R. Friman. New York: Garland Publishing.
Burns, J. F. and K. Semple. 2006. “Hussein is Sentenced to Death by Hanging.” New York Times Nov. 6, 2006, p. A4.
Buscher, F. M. 1989. The U.S. War Crime Trials Program in Germany, 1946–1955. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press.
Bush, G. W. 2001a. text:Bush Announces Start of War on Terror. September 20, 2001. (distr. by Office of International Information Programs, U.S. Dept. of State: usinfo.state.gov).
Bush, G. W 2001b. text:President Bush Announces Military Strike in Afghanistan. October 7, 2001. (distr. by Office of International Information Programs, U.S. Dept. of State: usinfo.state.gov).
Bush, G. W 2001c. President Issues Military Order, Detention, Treatment, and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in War Against Terrorism.Whitehouse.gov/2011/11/print/2011113–27.
Bush, G. W 2003. President Discusses Beginning of Operation Iraqi Freedom. 22 March 2003. (whitehouse.gov/newsreleases/2003/03/20030322).
Byron, C. M. D. 2010. Report of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (15th annual report) United Nations (A/65/188-S/2010/408).
Catton, B. 1959. “Prison Camps of the Civil War.” American Heritage Magazine 10(5): 4–13, 96–7.
Clegg, S. 1979. The Theory of Power and Organization. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Clotfelter, J. 1970. “Senate Voting and Constituency Stake in Defense Spending.” The Journal of Politics 32(4): 979–83.
Collier, K. and M. Munger. 1994. “A Comparison of Incumbent Security in the House and Senate.” Public Choice 78(2):145–54. Constitution of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovinia. www.soros.org.ba/project_bosnia/fed.
Corradi, J. E. 1985. The Fitful Republic, Economy, Society and Politics in Argentina. Boulder: Westview Press.
Crnobrnja, M. 1996. The Yugoslav Drama 2nd ed. Cambridge: McGill-Queens University Press.
Crocker, D. A. 1999. “Reckoning with Past Wrongs: A Normative Framework.” Ethics & International Affairs 13(1): 43–64.
Dahl, F. “Serbia Making Steady Recovery From Assassination.” Washington Post 8 May 2003. Available Online: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A28934–2003May8.html.
Dahl, R. 1956. A Preface to Democratic Theory. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Dahl, R 1963. Modern Political Analysis. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Daly, E. 2002. “Between Punitive and Reconstructive Justice: The Gacaca Courts in Rwanda.” International Law and Politics 34: 355–96.
Danner, A. M. 2003. “Enhancing the Legitimacy and Accountability of Prosecutorial Discretion at the International Criminal Court.” The American Journal of International Law 97(3): 510–52.
Doctors Without Borders. 1995. Deadlock in the Rwanda Refugee Crisis: Virtual Standstill on Repatriation. www.dwb.org/deadlock.
Derouen, Jr., K. and U. Heo. 2000. “Defense Contracting and Domestic Politics.” Political Research Quarterly 53(4): 753–69.
Des Forges, A. 1999. Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda. NY: Human Rights Watch.
Digeser, P. 1992. “The Fourth Face of Power.” The Journal of Politics 54(4): 977–1007.
Dimitrijevic, N. 2006. “Justice Beyond Blame.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 50(3): 368–82.
Dishneau, D. 2007. “Split Verdict for Officer at Abu Ghraib,” Washingtonpost.com 28 August, 2007. Associated Press. Washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/28/AR2007082800359.
Donnelly, J. 1986. “International Human Rights: A Regime Analysis.” International Organization 40(3): 599–642.
Draper, G. I. A. D. 1951. “The Exercise of Criminal Jurisdiction under the NATO Status of Forces Agreement, 1951.” Transactions of the Grotius Society 44: 9–28.
Dwyer, S. 1999. “Reconciliation for Realists,” in Ethics & International Affairs 13(1): 81–98.
El Zeidy, M. 2002. “The United States Dropped the Bomb of Article 16 of the ICC Statute: Security Council Power of Deferrals and Resolution 1422.” Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 35: 1503–44.
Ellis, M. S. 1997. “Purging the Past: The Current State of Lustration Laws in the Former Communist Bloc.” Law and Contemporary Problems 59(4): 181–96.
England, J. F. 2001. “The Response of the United States to the International Criminal Court: Rejection, Ratification or Something Else?Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law 18: 941–78.
Engle, K. 2005. “Feminism and Its (Dis)contents: Criminalizing Wartime Rape in Bosnia and Herzegovina.” The American Journal of International Law 99(4): 778–816.
Epstein, E. C. 1992. The New Argentine Democracy, the Search for a Successful Formula. Westport, Conn: Praeger.
Erro, D. G. 1993. Resolving the Argentine Paradox, Politics, and Development, 1966–1992. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Fearon, J. 1994. “Domestic Political Audiences and the Escalation of International Disputes.” The American Political Science Review 88(3): 577–92.
Fein, E. 2005. “Transitional Justice and Democratization in Eastern Europe” in (Un)Civil Societies: Human rights and democratic transitions in Eastern Europe and Latin America, eds. Rachel A. May and Andrew K. Milton. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books 197–217.
Foucault, M. 1980. “The Confessions of the Flesh” and “Two Lectures” in Power/ Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972–1977, ed. Colin Gordon, trans. Leo Marshall, John Merphaum, and Kate Soper. New York: Pantheon.
Futch, O. L. 1968. History of Andersonville Prison. Gainesville: University of Florida Press.
Gallarotti, G. and A. Preis. 1999. “Politics, International Justice and The United States: Toward a Permanent International Criminal Court.” UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs 4: 1–54.
Gastrow, P. 1995. Bargaining for Peace, South Africa, and the National Peace Accord. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press.
Gelman, A. and G. King. 1990. “Estimating Incumbency Advantage without Bias.” American Journal of Political Science 34(4): 1142–64.
Ginsburgs, G. and V. N. Kudraivtsev. 1990. The Nuremberg Trial and International Law. The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
Global News Wire. 2002. “Britain Welcomes Ratification of ICC Statute.” Global NewsWire: Asian Africa Intelligence Wire 11 April.
Grossman, G. M. and E. Helpman. 1994. “Protection for Sale.” American Economic Review 84(4): 833–50.
Gurule, J. 2001. “United States Opposition to the 1998 Rome Statute Establishing an International Criminal Court: Is the Court’s Jurisdiction Truly Complementary to National Criminal Jurisdictions.” Cornell International Law Journal 35: 1–46.
Haddad, H. N. 2010. “Mobilizing the Will to Prosecute: Crimes of Rape and the Yugoslav and Rwandan Tribunals.” Human Rights Review online first 10.1007/s12142–010–0163-x.
Hall, J. 1973. Foundations of Jurisprudence. Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc.
Hart, H. L. A. 1961. The Concept of Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Haynor, P. 2001. Unspeakable Truths: Confronting State Terror and Atrocity. New York: Routledge.
Highton, B. 2000. “Senate Elections in the United States, 1920–94.” British Journal of Political Science 30(3): 483–506.
Hodges, D. C. 1976, 1988. Argentina 1943–1987. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
Hodges, D. C 1991. Argentina’s “Dirty War.”Austin: University of Texas Press.
Hoge, W. 2005. “U.S. lobbies UN on Darfur and International Court.” The New York Times 29 January. Section A5+.
Hooker, M. A. and M. M. Knetter. 1997. “The Effects of Military Spending on Economic Activity: Evidence from State Procurement Spending.” Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 29(3): 400–21.
Horowitz, S. 1950. “The Tokyo Trial.” International Conciliation 45(Nov): 473–584.
Hosoya, C. et al. 1986. The Tokyo War Crimes Trial: An International Symposium. Tokyo: Kodansha, Ltd.
House of Representatives. 1864. Report No. 67, 38th Congress, 1st Session.
Howarth, D. R. and A. J. Norval. 1998. South Africa in Transition: New Theoretical Perspectives. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
International Criminal Court. 2006. Report on the activities of the International Criminal Court. 17 October 2006.UN Doc. ICC-ASP/5/15.
International Criminal Court 2010. Report of the International Criminal Court. 19 August 2010. UN Doc. A/65/313.
International Criminal Court 2010. Registry of Facts and Figures. 3 November 2010. icty.org/sections/TheCases/KeyFigures June 30, 2010 icty.org/sections/LegalLibrary/Defence 2010.
International Tribunal for Rwanda: A Western Show Trial. 1996. Africa 2000: www.africa2000.com/INDX/rwanda2b.
International Tribunal for Rwanda, Rules of Procedure and Evidence, U.N. Doc ITR/Rev. 1. 1995. United Nations: www.umn.edu/humanrts/africa/RWANDA1.
James, B. J. 1964. “The Issue of Power.” Public Administration Review 24(1): 47–51.
Jorgenson, N. H. B. 2004. “The Right of the Accused to Self-Representation Before International Criminal Tribunals.” American Journal of International Law 98(4): 711–26.
Johnston, D. 2009. “Uighers leave Guantanamo for Palau.” New York Times November 1, 2009. topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/u/uighurs_chinese_ethnic_group/index.html?inline=nyt-classifier.
Juckes, T. J. 1995. Opposition in South Africa: The Leadership of Z.K. Matthews, Nelson Mandela, and Stephen Biko. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
Justice for All: An Analysis of the Human Rights Provisions of the 1998 Northern Ireland Peace Agreement. 1998. Human Rights Watch. www.hrw.org/reports_98/nireland.
Kaufman, H. and V. Jones. 1953. Community Power Structure: A Study of Decision Makers. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Kami, A. 2006. Saddam Judge Stands By Resignation: Court Spokesperson. Reuters Jan 16, 2006.
Kaminski, M. M. and M. Napela. 2006. “Judging Transitional Justice: A New Criterion For Evaluating Truth Revelation Procedures.” Journal of Conflict Resolution. 50(3): 383–408.
Kennedy, D. 1864. “David Kennedy Diary 1864 Jan –Sept.” St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Historical Society.
Khiddu-Makubuya, E. 1994. “Voluntary Repatriation by Force: The Case of Rwandan Refugees in Uganda.” in African Refugees, Development & Repatriation, eds. Adelman and Sorensen. Boulder: Westview Press.
Kirsch, P. and J. Holmes. 1999. “Developments in International Criminal Law: The Rome Conference on an International Criminal Court: The Negotiating Process.” American Journal of International Law 93(2): 332–8.
Kritz, N. J. 1996. “Coming to Terms with Atrocities: A Review of Accountability Mechanisms for Mass Violations of Human Rights.” Law & Contemporary Problems 59: 127–33.
Kyl, S. J. 2004. Interview. Human Events. 10 Dec.
Lagomarsino, D. and C. T. Wood, eds. 1989. The Trial of Charles I. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
Laska, L. L. and J. M. Smith. 1975. “Hell and the Devil: Andersonville and The Trial of Captain Henry Wirz, C.S.A. 1865.” Military Law Review 68: 77–132.
Laswell. H. D. and A. Kaplan. 1950. Power and Society. New Haven Conn.: Yale University Press.
Latore, R. 2002. “Escape Out the Back Door or Charge in the Front Door: U.S. Reactions to the International Criminal Court.” Boston College International and Comparative Law Review 25: 159–76.
Lauria, J. 2004. “Kerry Opposes Role in Tribunal: U.S. Concerns Not Yet Met He Says.” The Boston Globe 5 October, A10.
Lesson of Slobodan Milosevic’s Trial and Tribunal. “The UN’s war-crimes tribunal.” The Economist. 13 Feb. 2003. Available Online: http://www.economist.com/world/europe/displayStory.cfm?story_id=1576821.
Linzer, D. 2010. “White House Drafts Executive Order for Indefinite Detention.” Washington Post and Propublica Dec. 21, 2010. www.Propublica.org/article/white-house-drafts-executive-order-for-indefinite-detention.
Lippman, T. 1997. “Ambassador to the Darkest Areas of Human Conflict.” The Washington Post 17 November, A16.
Leigh, M. 2001. “Editorial Comments: The United States and The Rome Statute.” American Journal of International Law 95(1): 124–31.
Locke, J. 1993. Political Writings of John Locke. ed. David Wootton. New York, NY: Mentor, Penguin Group.
Lukes, S. 1974. Power: A Radical View. London: Britich Sociological Association.
Malamud-Goti, J. E. 1996. Game Without End: State Terror and the Politics of Justice. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
Mandela, N. 1994. Nelson Mandela Speaks. New York: Mayibuye Books.
Maoz, Z. and B. Russett. 1993. “Normative and Structural Causes of Democratic Peace: 1946–1986.” American Political Science Review 87(3): 624–38.
March, J. G. 1955. “An Introduction to the Theory of Measurement of Influence.” American Political Science Review 49: 431–51.
Martin, L. 2000. Legislatures and International Cooperation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
May, R. A. and A. K. Milton, eds. 2005. (Un)Civil Societies, Human Rights and Democratic Transitions in Eastern Europe and Latin America. Lanham: Lexington Books.
Mayer, K. R. 1991. The Political Economy of Defense Contracting. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Mayfield, N. H. 1988. Puritans and Regicide. Charlottesville: University Press of America.
McAdams, A. J., ed. 1997. Transitional Justice and the Rule of Law in New Democracies. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.
McCormick, T. L. H. 1997. “From Sun Tzu to the Sixth Committee: The Evolution of an International Criminal Law Regime,” in The Law of War Crimes: National and International Approaches, eds. T. L. H. MCormick and G. J. Simpson. The Hague and London: Kluwer Law International, 31–43.
McFarland, A. S. 1969. Power and Leadership in Pluralistic Societies. Stanford: University of Stanford Press.
McElroy, J. 1879. Andersonville, A Story of Rebel Military Prisons. Toledo: D. R. Locke 1999 digital reproduction by Digital Scanning, Inc.
Mearsheimer, J. 1994. “The False Promise of International Institutions.” International Security 19(3): 5–49.
Mencken, F. C. 2004. “Federal Defense Spending and Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Disparities in Economic Growth in the Southeast.” Social Science Quarterly 85(2): 324–39.
Mignone, E. F., C. L. Estlund, and S. Issacharoff. 1984. “Dictatorship on Trial: Prosecution of Human Rights Violations in Argentina.” Yale Journal of International Law 10: 118–50.
Milner, H. 1997. Interests, Institutions, and Information: Domestic Politics and International Relations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Minear, R. H. 1971. Victor’s Justice: The Tokyo War Crimes Trial. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Minow, M. 1999. Between Vengeance and Forgiveness: Facing History after Genocide and Mass Violence. Boston: Beacon Press.
Montgomery, D. 2005. “Death Row inmate’s appeal hinges on global treaty issue.” The Miami Herald 3/29 p 5A.
Moravcsik, A. 2000. “The Origins of Human Rights Regimes: Democratic Delegation in Postwar Europe.” International Organization 54 (2): 217–52.
Morgan, A. 2000. The Belfast Agreement a practical legal analysis. London: The Belfast Press. http://www.cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/peace/morgan/morgan00.jpg.
Morris, M. 2001. “The United States and the International Criminal Court: High Crimes and Misconceptions: The ICC and Non-Party States.” Law and Contemporary Problems 64(1): 13–66.
MSNBC. 2010. “Supreme Court dismisses Uighers’ Appeal.” 1 March. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/35643544/ns/us_news-security/.
National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons.1984. Nunca Mas.
Neier, A. 1998. War Crimes, Brutality, Genocide, Terror, and the Struggle for Justice. NY: Times Books/Random House.
Newbury, C. 1988. The Cohesion of Oppression. Columbia: Columbia University Press.
Nincic, M. and T. R. Cusack. 1979. “The Political Economy of US Military Spending.” Journal of Peace Research 16(2): 101–15.
Nino, C. S. 1991. “The Duty to Punish Past Abuses of Human Rights Put into Context: The Case of Argentina.” Yale Law Journal 100: 2619–40.
Obama, B. 2011. Executive Order on Periodic Review. www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/Executive_Order_On_Periodic_Review.pdf.
Oppel, R. 2006. “After Remark, Judge in Hussein Trial Loses His Post.” New York Times Sept. 20, 2006, A10.
Orentlicher, D. F. 1991. “Settling Accounts: The Duty to Prosecute Human Rights Violations of a Prior Regime.” Yale Law Journal 100(8): 2537–615.
Osiel, M. 1997. Mass Atrocity, Collective Memory, and the Law. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
Packer, G. 2006. “Saddam on Trial.” New Yorker Oct. 31, 2005.
Page, J. M. and M. J. Haley. 1908. The True Story of Andersonville Prison: A Defense of Major Henry Wirz. NY: The Neale Publishing Company, 1999 digital reproduction by Digital Scanning, Inc.
Parenti, M. 1978. Power and the Powerless. New York: St Martins Press.
Partridge, P. H. 1962. “Some Notes on the Concept of Power.” Political Studies 11(3): 107–25.
Penrose, M. M. 1999. “Lest We Fail: The Importance of Enforcement in International Criminal Law.” American University International Law Review 15: 321–94.
Peralta-Ramos, M. and C. H. Waisman. 1987. From Military Rule to Liberal Democracy in Argentina. Boulder: Westview Press.
Perry, T. 2007a. “Defining the time to kill.” Los Angeles Times 31 July, A1.
Perry, T 2007b. “Marine sentenced to 15 years in Iraq killing.” Los Angeles Times 4 August, A8.
Persico, J. E. 1994. Nuremberg, Infamy on Trial. New York: Viking Penguin.
Petrovcic, B. 1995. Peace in Our Times: Details of the Dayton Peace Accord. Helsinki: Domovina Net.
Peterson, J. 2007. “Unpacking Show Trials: Situating the Trial of Saddam Hussein.” Harvard International Law Journal 48(1): 257–92.
Popkin, S. L. 1991. The Reasoning Voter. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Posner, E. A. and A. Vermeule. 2004. “Transitional Justice as Ordinary Justice.” Harvard Law Review 117(3): 761–825.
Postema, G. J. 1977. “The Principle of Utility and the law of Procedure: Bentham’s Theory of Adjudication.” Georgia Law Review 11: 1393–424.
Prunier, G. 1995. The Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide. Columbia: Columbia University Press.
Ralph, J. 2005. “International Society, the International Criminal Court and American Foreign Policy.” Review of International Studies 31(1): 27–44.
Ransom, J. L. 1881. Andersonville Diary: Escape and List of the Dead with Name, Company, Regiment, Date of Death and Number of Grave in Cemetary. Philadelphia: Douglass Bros.; reprint 1974, NY: Haskell House Publishers Ltd.
Ratner, S. R. and J. S. Abrams. 2001. Accountability For Human Rights Atrocities in International Law: Beyond The Nuremberg Legacy. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ratner, M. and E. Ray. 2004. Guantanamo: What the World Should Know. Gloucester: Arris Books.
Raustiala, K. 1997. “Domestic Institutions and International Regulatory Cooperation: Comparative Responses to the Convention on Biological Diversity.” World Politics (49)4: 482–509.
Ray, B. A. 1981. “Defense Department Spending and ‘Hawkish’ Voting in the House of Representatives.” The Western Political Quarterly 34(3): 438–46.
Rettig, M. 2008. “Gacaca: Truth, Justice, and Reconciliation in Postconflict Rwanda?African Studies Review 51(3): 25–50.
Reuters. 2002. U.S. says detainees not protected by Geneva Conventions. January 12, 2002.
Reyntjens, F. 1990. “Le gacaca ou la justice du grazon au Rwanda.” Politique Africaine 40: 31–4.
Riker, W. H. 1964. “Some Ambiguities in the Notion of Power.” American Political Science Review 58(2): 341–9.
Roling, B. V. A. 1993. The Tokyo Trial and Beyond: Reflections of a Peacemonger. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Rosembaum, A. S. 1993. Prosecuting Nazi War Criminals. Boulder: Westview Press.
Roach, S. C. ed. 2009. The Global Politics of the International Criminal Court: Global Governance in Context. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rotberg, R. and D. Thompson, eds. 2002. Truth v. Justice: The Morality of Truth Commissions. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Rubin, B. R. 1996. Toward Comprehensive Peace in Southeast Europe: Conflict Prevention in the South Balkans. New York: The 20th Century Fund Press.
Rudolph, C. 2001. “Constructing an Atrocities Regime: The Politics of War Crimes Tribunals.” International Organization 55(3): 655–91.
Ruhlman, R. F. 2006. Captain Henry Wirz and Andersonville Prison: A Reappraisal. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.
Russett, B. 1996. “The Fact of Democratic Peace,” in Debating the Democratic Peace, ed. M. Brown. Boston: MIT Press.
Rutherford, M. L. 1921. Facts and Figures vs. Myths and Misrepresentation: Henry Wirz and Andersonville Prison. Athens, GA: United Daughters of the Confederacy; undated reprint by the Alexander H. Stephens Camp 78 of the Sons of Confederate Veterans, Americus, GA.
Sadat-Wexler, L. 1999. “Association of American Law Schools Panel on the International Criminal Court.” American Criminal Law Review 36: 223–64.
Sarkin, J. 2001. “The Tension between Justice and Reconciliation in Rwanda: Politics, Human Rights, Due Process, and the Role of the Gacaca Courts in Dealing with the Genocide.” Journal of African Law 45: 143.
Sasaki, K. 1963. “Military Expenditures and the Employment Multiplier in Hawaii.” The Review of Economics and Statistics 45(3): 298–304.
Schabas, W. 2004. “United States Hostility to the International Criminal Court: It’s All About the Security Council.” European Journal of International Law 15(4): 701–20.
Scharf, M. 2001. “The ICC’s Jurisdiction Over the Nationals of Non-Party States: A Critique of the U.S. Position.” Law and Contemporary Problems 64: 67–118.
Scharf, M 2004. “Is it International Enough? A Critique of the Iraqi Special Tribunal in Light of the Goals of International Justice.” Journal of International Criminal Justice 2: 330–7.
Scheffer, D. 1999a. “The United States and the International Criminal Court.” American Journal of International Law 93: 12–22.
Scheffer, D 1999b. Speech to the American Society of International Law: International Criminal: The Challenge of Jurisdiction (March 26).
Scheffer, D 2001. “Staying the Course with the International Criminal Court.” Cornell International Law Journal 35: 47–100.
Schultz, K. 1999. “Do Democratic Institutions Constrain or Inform: Contrasting Two Institutional Perspectives on Democracy and War.” International Organization 53: 233–66.
Serrano, R. A. 2007. “Officer is acquitted of abuse at Abu Graib.” Los Angeles Times. 29 August, A7.
Shortell, C. and C. A. Smith. 2005. “The Institutional Stability of the Judiciary in the Aftermath of Terrorism.” Judicature 88 (4): 173–7.
Siklova, J. 1996. “Lustration or the Czech Way of Screening.” E. European Constitutional Review 5: 5762.
Simon, H. A. 1957. Models of Man. New York: Wiley Publishers.
Skaar, E., S. Gloppen, and A. Suhrke, eds. 2005. Roads to Reconciliation. Oxford UK: Lexington Books.
Smith, B. F. 1981. The Road to Nuremberg. New York: Basic Books, Inc.
Smith, B. F 1982. The Road to Nuremberg: The Documentary Record 1944–1945. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institute Press.
Smith, C. A. and H. Smith. 2006. “The Electoral Dis-Connection: Institutional Barriers to U.S. Support for the ICC.” Eyes on the ICC 3(I): 1–31.
Smith, C. A. 2007. “Judicialization: The Key to European Unification and Expansion,” in The State of the European Union, ed. Y. Stivachtis, Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishers. pp. 127–39.
Smith, C. A 2008. “Credible Commitments and the Early American Supreme Court.” Law & Society Review 42(1): 75–110.
Smith, C. A. and H. Smith. 2009. “Embedded Realpolitick: Re-evaluating the U.S. Opposition to the ICC,” in The Global Politics of the International Criminal Court: Global Governance in Context, ed. S. C. RoachOxford: Oxford University Press, 27–53.
Smyser, W. R. 1999. From Yalta To Berlin:The Cold War Struggle Over Germany. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Solis, G. 2007. “Is military justice just?Los Angeles Times 10 September, A17.
Sowell, T. 1994. Race and Culture: A World View. New York: Basic Books, Inc.
Stotzky, I. P. 1993. Transition to Democracy in Latin America: The Role of the Judiciary. Boulder: Westview Press.
Taylor, T. 1992. The Anatomy of the Nuremberg Trials: A Personal Memoir. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Thompson, L. 1995. A History of South Africa, revised edition. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Tindemans, L. 1996. Unfinished Peace: Report of the International Commission on the Balakans. Aspen: Aspen Institute.
Tan, C. J. 2004. “The Proliferation of Bilateral Non-Surrender Agreements among Non-Ratifiers of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.” American University International Law Review 19: 1115–80.
Tverdova, Y. V. 2011. “Human Trafficking in Russia and Other Post-Soviet States,” Human Rights Review 12(3): 329–44.
United Kingdom. 1998. Agreement Reached in the Multiparty Negotiations: Northern Ireland. United Kingdom: www.n10.gov.UK/agreement.
United Nations. 1994. Report of the International Law Commission on the Work of its Forty-Sixth Session. 2 May–22 July 1994. UN Doc A/49/10.
Van de Kieft, C. M. 2002. “Uncertain Risk: The United States and the International Criminal Court.” Cardozo Law Review 23: 2325–68.
Van der Vyver, J. D. 2001. “International Human Rights: American Execeptionalism: Human Rights, International Criminal Justice, and National Self-Righteousness.” Emory Law Journal 50: 775–832.
Varadarajan, L. 1998. “From Tokyo to the Hague: A Re-assessment of Radhabinod Pal’s Dissenting Opinion at the Tokyo Trials on its Golden Jubilee.” Indian Journal of International Law 38 (2): 233–47.
Waldmeir, P. 1997. Anatomy of a Miracle: The End of Apartheid and the Birth of the New South Africa. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.
Waldorf, L. 2006. “Mass Justice for Mass Atrocity; Rethinking Local Justice as Transitional Justice.” Temple Law Review 79(1): 1–87.
Watson, C. 1991. Exile from Rwanda: Background to an Invasion. Washington, DC: Am. Council for Nationalities Service.
Weber, M. 1946. Max Weber, Essays in Sociology. Trans. and ed. by H. H. Gerth and C. Wright Mills. Fairlawn, NJ: Oxford University Press.
Wedgewood, C. V. 1964. A Coffin for King Charles: the Trial and Execution of Charles I. New York: The Macmillian Co.
Whitcomb, D. 2008. “Haditha charges dropped against top Marine officer” Reuters http://web.archive.org/web/20080624222747/news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20080617/us_nm/usa_iraq_haditha_dc.
White House Press Release. 2003. “Statements of Support from Coalition Members.” 26 March 2003. http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/iraq/news/20030326–7.html.
Wieseltier, L. 1996. “Afterword,” in The Black Book of Bosnia: the Consequences of Appeasement, ed. N. Mousavizadeh. New York: A New Republic Book, Basicbooks.
Williams, C. J. 2007. “Guatanamo defense lawyers see stacked deck.” Los Angeles Times 13 November 2007. www.latimes.com/mnationworld /nation/la-na-gitmo13nov13,1,6779375.
Williamson, H. R. 1957. The Day They Killed the King. London: The MacMillian Co.
Wingfield-Stratford, D. S. 1950 and 1975. King Charles the Martyr, 1643–1649. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Wirz Trial. 1880–1901. U.S. War Dept., War of Rebellion Official Records.
Wolfowitz, P. 2004. Memorandum: Order Establishing Combatant Status Review Tribunal 7 July. Department of Defense.
Worthington, A. 2007. The Guantanamo Files: The Stories of the 774 Detainees in America’s Illegal Prison. London: Pluto Press.
Wynia, G. W. 1992. Argentina, Illusions, and Reality. 2nd ed. Vancouver: Holme and Meier.
Yacoubian, G. S., Jr. 1998. “Sanctioning alternatives in international criminal law: recommendations for the International Criminal Tribunals for Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia.” World Affairs 161: 48–55.
Yacoubian, G. S., Jr. 2003. “Evaluating the efficacy of the international criminal tribunals for Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia: implications for criminology and international criminal law.” World Affairs 165: 133–42.
Zacher, M. and R. A. Matthews. 1995. “Liberal International Theory: Common Threads, Divergent Strands,” in Controversies in International Relations Theory: Realism and Neoliberal Challenge, ed. C. W. Kegley Jr. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Zagaris, B. 2005. “US Tries to Stop International Criminal Court Investigation.” International Enforcement Law Reporter 21(2):67.

Websites

Rome Statute at www.un.org/law/icc/.
The Statute of the Iraqi Special Tribunal. Coalitional Provisional Authority. 2003. (Baghdad:iraqispecialtribunal.org).
www.amicc.org/docs/CGStableofBIAsbyICCstatus%2010–04.pdf.
www.people-press.org/reports/index.php?TopicID=6. “President’s Remarks at an Ask the President Event in Clive, Iowa,” 7 Flags Event Center, Iowa. 4 Oct. 2004.

Pew Research Center Surveys: 1) “A Year after Iraq War: Mistrust of America in Europe Even Higher, Muslim Anger Persists,” 16 Mar.2004; 2) “Views of a Changing World 2003: War with Iraq Further Divides Global Publics,” 3 June 2003; 3) “America’s Image Further Erodes, Europeans Want Weaker Ties,” 18 Mar. 2003.

web1.whs.osd.mil/mmid/MMIDHOME.

www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/iraq/news/20030326–7.html. White House Press Release. “Statements of Support from Coalition Members.” 26 March 2003.
www.whitehouse.gov/ George Bush. Speech.

Metrics

Altmetric attention score

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

Book summary page views

Total views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Usage data cannot currently be displayed.