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Rumination in bipolar disorder associated with brain network and behavioural measures of inhibitory executive control

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 August 2023

Tina Chou Open the ORCID record for Tina Chou [Opens in a new window] ,
Darin D. Dougherty ,
Andrew A. Nierenberg  and
Sharmin Ghaznavi
Tina Chou
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
Darin D. Dougherty
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
Andrew A. Nierenberg
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
Sharmin Ghaznavi*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
*
Corresponding author: Sharmin Ghaznavi; Email: sghaznavi@mgh.harvard.edu.
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Abstract

Objective:

Rumination is a passive form of negative self-focused cognition that predicts depressive episodes for individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Individuals with BD also have impaired inhibitory executive control; rumination in BD may therefore reflect executive dysfunction. We investigated the relationship between a neural measure of executive functioning (functional connectivity between the frontoparietal control network [FPCN] and the default mode network [DMN] during an effortful task), behavioural measures of executive functioning (the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function) and rumination (the Ruminative Responses Scale).

Methods:

Fifteen individuals with BD and fifteen healthy controls underwent MRI scans during mental distraction. Using CONN toolbox, between-network FPCN-DMN connectivity values were calculated. We conducted Pearson’s r bivariate correlations between connectivity values, BRIEF and RRS scores.

Results:

RRS scores were positively correlated with BRIEF Behavioral Regulation Index (BRI) scores. In individuals with BD, there was a positive correlation between FPCN-DMN functional connectivity during distraction and BRIEF BRI scores. FPCN-DMN functional connectivity was also positively correlated with RRS ruminative brooding scores. Healthy controls did not show significant correlations between these behavioural and neural measures of executive functioning and rumination.

Conclusion:

For individuals with BD, the greater the tendency to ruminate and the higher the executive dysfunction, the stronger the connectivity between an executive control network and a network involved in rumination during an unrelated cognitive task. This could reflect continual attempts to inhibit ruminative thinking and shift back to the distraction task. Therefore, engagement in rumination may reflect failed inhibitory executive control.

Keywords

RuminationExecutive functionCognitionBipolar disorderDefault mode network
Type
Original Article
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 36 , Issue 1 , February 2024 , pp. 39 - 43
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology

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