Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-sh8wx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T05:33:43.090Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

An X-Ray Lime Shape Study of HP 9-4-45 Bainites and Martensites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2019

George J. Klems  and
J. Stephen Pascover
George J. Klems
Affiliation:
Republic Steel Corporation Research Center, Independence, Ohio
J. Stephen Pascover
Affiliation:
Republic Steel Corporation Research Center, Independence, Ohio
Get access

Abstract

The broadening of the (110)α and (220)α powder pattern peaks of bulk samples from the product of two commercial 70 ton heats of a 9Ni-4Co-0.45C alloy (HP 9-4-45) was studied by Fourier analysis. Both heats were heat treated to a variety of bainitic and tempered martensitic structures and the effective particle size and r.m.s. strain in the <110> direction were measured. Comparison of the mechanical properties with the parameters derived from the Fourier analysis suggests that neither the strain nor the particle size are controlling the strength or toughness. Strength increases with Strain while toughness decreases - both as expected. On the other hand, large particle size seems to favor greater toughness in contrast to the known effect of macroscopic (high angle boundary) grain size.

It is concluded that line shape analysis is a convenient method of investigation giving repeatable parameters which represent the transformation strains. The extension of this technique to these highly strained, metallurgically complex structures appears justified.

Type
Research Article
Information
Advances in X-Ray Analysis , Volume 12: Seventeenth Annual Conference on Applications of X-ray Analysis, August 21-23, 1968 , 1968 , pp. 329 - 342
Copyright
Copyright © International Centre for Diffraction Data 1968

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Brillhart, D. C., De Angelis, R. J., Preban, A. G., Cohen, J. B. and Gordon, P., “Quantitative Study of the Substructure and Properties of Shock-Loaded Copper”, Trans. AIME 239 : 836–843, 1967.Google Scholar
2. Goldman, A. J. and Wagner, C. N. J., “Faulting in Deformed Austenite and Martensite”, Acta Met. 11: 405–413, 1963.Google Scholar
3. Evans, W. P., Ricklefs, R. E. and Millan, J. F., “X-ray and Fatigue Studies of Hardened and Cold-Worked Steels”, In J. B. Cohen and J. E. Hilliard, Editors, Local Atomic Arrangements Studied by X-ray Diffraction, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, 1966, p. 351–377.Google Scholar
4. Werner, F. E., Averbach, B. L. and Cohen, Morris, “The Tempering of Iron-Carbon Martensite Crystals”, Trans. ASM 49: 823–841, 1957.Google Scholar
5. Kurdjomov, G. V., “Phenomena Occurring in the Quenching and Tempering of Steels”, J. Iron and Steel Instit. 195: 26–48, 1960.Google Scholar
6. Pascover, J. S., “Growth Mechanism of Bainite in a 9Ni-4Co Steel”, M.S. Thesis, Case Institute of Technology, 1964.Google Scholar
7. Pascover, J. S. and Matas, S. J., “Relationships Between Structure and Properties in the 9Ni-4Co Alloy System”, in Structure and Properties of Ultrahigh Strength Steels, ASTM Special Technical Publication No. 370, 1965.Google Scholar
8. Liu, Y. H., Wilson, T. L., Ault, R. T. and Matas, S. J., “The Influence of Processing History and Heat Treatment on the Fine Structural-Mechanical Property Relationships in HP 9-4-45 Steel”, talk presented in Structure and Properties of Hot Worked Metals I session in the Fall 1967 AIME meeting, Cleveland, Ohio. To be published.Google Scholar
9. Stokes, A. R., “A Numerical Fourier-Analysis Method for the Correction of Widths and Shapes of Lines on X-ray Powder Photographs”, Proc. Pbys. Soc. 61 : 382–391, 1948.Google Scholar
10. De Angelis, R. J., “Evaluation from X-ray Diffraction Profiles of Fourier Coefficients and the Microstrain Distribution Function”, in J. B. Cohen and J . E. Hilliard, Editors, Local Atomic Arrangements Studied by X-ray Diffraction, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, 1966, p. 271–288.Google Scholar
11. Warren, B. E. and Averbach, B. L., “The Effect of Cold-Work Distortion on X-ray Patterns”, J. Appl. Phys. 21: 594–599, 1950.Google Scholar
12. Warren, B. E., “X-ray Studies of Deformed Metals”, in Bruce Chalmers and R. King, Editors, Progress in Metal Physics, Vol. 8, Pergamon Press, New York, 1959, p. 147–202.Google Scholar