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Frontiers of belonging and politics of identity: the materiality of funeral rituals and festivals in Nigeria’s urban space

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 July 2023

Onyekachi E. Nnabuihe*
Affiliation:
Department of Criminology, Security, Peace, and Conflict Studies, Caleb University, Imota, Lagos State, Nigeria/Future Africa Research Leadership Fellowship (FAR-LeaF), University of Pretoria, South Africa

Abstract

This article draws from funeral rituals and performative festivals to reflect on how and why burials, reburials and performances of Eyo and Nzem Berom festivals provide excellent examples of cultural politics and represent occasions for the (re)production of kinship, belonging and claims to ownership in the cities of Lagos and Jos. It argues that existing literature on the politics of belonging in Africa either understates or overlooks the roles of funerals and festivals in expressing and contesting ownership of the city. Relying on institutional ethnography, the article illustrates the essentially political nature of festivals and funerals in relation to city ownership, not only in the sense that traditional place identity benefits some groups more than others but also in that it defines who belongs and who does not while inducing conflicts.

Résumé

Résumé

Cet article s’appuie sur les rituels funéraires et les festivals d’arts vivants pour comprendre en quoi les enterrements, les ré-enterrements et les spectacles des festivals d’Eyo et de Nzem Berom fournissent d’excellents exemples de politique culturelle et représentent des occasions de (re)production de parenté, d’appartenance et de revendication de propriété des villes de Lagos et de Jos. Il soutient que la littérature existante sur la politique d’appartenance en Afrique minimise ou néglige l’importance du rôle des funérailles et des festivals dans l’expression et la contestation de la propriété de la ville. S’appuyant sur l’ethnographie institutionnelle, cet article illustre la nature essentiellement politique des festivals et des funérailles autour de la propriété de la ville, non seulement en ce que l’identité de lieu traditionnelle avantage certains groupes plus que d’autres, mais également en ce qu’elle définit qui appartient et qui n’appartient pas tout en provoquant des conflits.

Resumo

Resumo

Este artigo baseia-se nos rituais funerários e nos festejos performativos para reflectir sobre como e porquê os enterros, os reenterros e os espectáculos dos festivais Eyo e Nzem Berom constituem excelentes exemplos de política cultural e representam ocasiões para a (re)produção do parentesco, da pertença e das reivindicações de posse das cidades de Lagos e Jos. Assim se defende que a literatura existente sobre a política de pertença em África subestima ou ignora os papéis dos funerais e dos festivais na expressão e contestação da posse da cidade. Apoiando-se na etnografia institucional, este artigo ilustra a natureza essencialmente política das festividades e funerais na apropriação da cidade, não só no sentido em que a identidade tradicional do lugar beneficia alguns grupos mais do que outros, mas também no sentido em que define quem pertence e quem não pertence, induzindo conflitos.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the International African Institute

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