In past times, when the Bari tribes, untouched as yet by foreign civilization, were still following their tribal customs, the relation between the people and their chiefs was fostered by various subsidiary customs, such as the erection of shrines to the chief's (Kɔ mɔnyε kak) ancestors, and purification ceremonies, ordered and presided over by the same. To these we might add the tribal hunting-parties and the magic ritual connected with cattle-breeding in the large kraals of the upland pastures (kurumi-et).