Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-hfldf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-01T13:27:08.348Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Continuity and Discontinuity in Zimbabwe's Development History

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2014

Christine Sylvester
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The government of Zimbabwe has publicly committed itself to a development strategy which it terms “Growth With Equity.” At least two official policy documents articulate the strategy: Growth With Equity (1981) and The Transitional National Development Plan: 1982/83-1984/85 (1982; hereafter TNDP). The theme appears frequently as well in the semi-official press and in Zimbabwe News, a publication of the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) party. In each, the government claims that Growth With Equity will move the country away from the capitalist socio-economic system it inherited to a socialist order better able to redress the extreme racial and class inequities which were Rhodesia. Transformation is the watchword.

The degree to which the strategy will transform Zimbabwe-indeed, the degree to which it is even intended to do so-draws increasingly skeptical commentary. From the ranks of neoclassical economists comes the critique that Growth With Equity sets over-high standards and is technically unfeasible (EIU Special Report, 1981). Mainstream development theorists call attention to the moderate-reformist aspects of the strategy which predict a Fabian socialist future (Bratton, 1981). Radicals, once quite willing to give the Mugabe government the benefit of doubt, are becoming disillusioned; the most promising aspect of Growth With Equity, some say, is its Gramscian logic (Saul, 1980; The Review of African Political Economy, 1980; Bush and Cliff, 1984).

There is no dearth of Zimbabwe-watching and no shortage of opinion on the country's development prospects.

Type
Articles
Information
African Studies Review , Volume 28 , Issue 1 , March 1985 , pp. 19 - 44
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

African Business 9/28/83; 11/83.Google Scholar
Africa Now 8/83; 4/84.Google Scholar
Africa Report No. 28, 1183.Google Scholar
Africa Research Bulletin 8/157/83.Google Scholar
Arrighi, G. 1973. “The Political Economy of Rhodesia,” in Arrighi, and Saul, J. (eds.) Essays on the Political Economy of Africa. New York: Monthly Review.Google Scholar
Astrow, A. Zimbabwe: A Revolution That Lost Its Way? London: Zed.Google Scholar
Baylies, C. 1980. “Imperialism and Settler Capital: Friends or Foes?” Review of African Political Economy 18: 116–26.Google Scholar
Blake, R. 1978. A History of Rhodesia. New York: Knopf.Google Scholar
Bradford, C. 1982. “Rise of the NICs as Exporters on a Global Scale,” in Turner, L. and McMullen, N. (eds.) The Newly Industrializing Countries: Trade and Adjustment. London: MacMillan.Google Scholar
Bratton, M. 1982. “Patterns of Development and Underdevelopment.” International Studies Quarterly 26, 3: 333–72.Google Scholar
Bratton, M. 1981. “Development in Zimbabwe: Strategy and Tactics.” Journal of Modern African Studies 19, 3: 447–76.Google Scholar
Budget Statement 1984. 1984. Harare: Government of Zimbabwe.Google Scholar
Bulawayo Chronicle 3/31/38.Google Scholar
Bush, R. and Cliff, L.. 1984. “Agrarian Policy in Migrant Labour Societies: Reform or Transformation in Zimbabwe?” Review of African Political Economy 29: 77–94.Google Scholar
Chidzero, B. 1984. Budget Statement, 1984. Harare: Government of Zimbabwe.Google Scholar
Christian Science Monitor 9/23/83.Google Scholar
Clarke, D. 1980. Foreign Companies and International Investment in Zimbabwe. Gwelo: Mambo.Google Scholar
Davidow, J. 1984. A Peace in Southern Africa: The Lancaster House Conference on Rhodesia, 1979. Boulder: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Duggan, W. 1980. “The Rural African Middle Class of Southern Rhodesia.” African Affairs 79: 227–40.Google Scholar
EIU. 1981. Zimbabwe's First Five Years. The Economist Intelligence Unit Ltd. London, Special Report No. III.Google Scholar
Fei, J., Ranis, G., Kuo, S.. 1979. Growth With Equity: The Taiwan Case. New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
Financial Times 12/15/83.Google Scholar
Frankel, G. 1984 “Zimbabwe's Prosperity Depends on Modern Farms, Corn Patches.” New York Times 11/20/84.Google Scholar
Gann, L. 1965. A History of Southern Rhodesia. London: Windus.Google Scholar
Gann, L. and Gelford, M. 1964. Huggins of Rhodesia. London: Oxford.Google Scholar
Grey, R. 1960. The Two Nations. London.Google Scholar
Growth With Equity 1981. Harare: Government of Zimbabwe.Google Scholar
Leys, C. 1959. European Politics in Southern Rhodesia. London: Oxford.Google Scholar
London Times 8/8/83.Google Scholar
Loney, M. 1975. Rhodesia: White Racism and Imperial Response. London: Penguin.Google Scholar
Lonsdale, J. 1981. “States and Social Processes in Africa: A Historiographical Survey.” African Studies Review 24, 2/3: 139–226.Google Scholar
Marable, M. 1983. “Zimbabwe and the Problematic of African Socialism.” Contemporary Marxism 7: 89–95.Google Scholar
Martin, D. and Johnson, P.. 1981. The Struggle for Zimbabwe: The Chimurenga War. London: Faber and Faber.Google Scholar
Mugabe, R. 1982. “An Interview by Margaret Novicki.” Africa Report 27: 4–9.Google Scholar
Murray, D. 1978. The Governmental System in Southern Rhodesia. London: Oxford.Google Scholar
Mutumbuka, D. 1982. “The Quest for Meaningful Education: An Interview with Cde. Dzingai Mutumbuka, Minister of Education and Culture.” Zimbabwe News 14, 2: 12–15.Google Scholar
National Accounts of Rhodesia. 1977. Salisbury: Central Statistical Office. Government of Zimbabwe.Google Scholar
National Manpower Survey, Vol. 1. 1983. Harare: Dept. of Manpower Planning and Development. Government of Zimbabwe.Google Scholar
Nkomo, J. 1959. “Statement.” Africa South, July/Sept.Google Scholar
Novicki, M. 1983. “Zimbabwe: The Economic Outlook.” Africa Report 28: 8–14.Google Scholar
Poulantzas, N. 1973. Political Power and Social Classes. London: New Left Books.Google Scholar
Quarterly Digest of Statistics. Harare: Central Statistical Office: Government of Zimbabwe.Google Scholar
Sanders, D. 1984. “The State and Popular Organization.” Social Change and Development 8: 6–8.Google Scholar
Saul, J. 1980. “Zimbabwe: The Next Round.” Monthly Review 32, 4: 1–42.Google Scholar
Sewell, J. 1977. The United States and World Development: Agenda 1977. New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
Sithole, P. 1975. “Major Problems in Union Formation in Rhodesia in the Seventies.” South African Labour Bulletin 1, 9.Google Scholar
Sivard, R. 1982. World Military and Social Expenditures. Virginia: World Priorities.Google Scholar
Shamuyarira, N. 1965. Crisis in Rhodesia. London: Deutsch.Google Scholar
Skocpol, T. 1979. States and Social Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University.Google Scholar
Social Change and Development 1984. 10/83: 8.Google Scholar
Stoneman, C. and Davies, R.. 1981. “The Economy: An Overview,” in Stoneman, C. (ed.) Zimbabwe's Inheritance. London: MacMillan.Google Scholar
The Review of African Political Economy. (TRAPE) 1980 Special Issue on Zimbabwe, 18 (May-August).Google Scholar
Transitional National Development Plan: 1982/83-1984/85, Vol. 1. 1982. Harare: Department of Finance, Economic Planning and Development. Government of Zimbabwe.Google Scholar
Ushewokunze, H. 1983. “Detention and the Law.” Moto 14: 13–16 (July).Google Scholar
Vanguard 8/83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wall Street Journal 9/27/83.Google Scholar
Wield, D. 1981. “Manufacturing Industry,” in Stoneman, C. (ed.) Zimbabwe's Inheritance. London: MacMillan.Google Scholar
World Bank. 1982. World Development Report. Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
World Bank. 1981. Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Agenda for Action. Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
ZANU. 1976. “Comrade President Robert G. Mugabe Defines the Line.” No. 1. Mozambique.Google Scholar