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⁶ Walker, , Loc. cit., p. 240Google Scholar. See also Walker, A. and Phillipson, C., Introduction, and Townsend, P., Ageism and social policy, in Phillipson, C. and Walker, A. (eds.), Ageing and Social Policy: A Critical Assessment, Gower, London, 1986, 1–44.Google Scholar

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¹⁰ Readers of this journal might profit from reading one North American investigator whose work is rich in theoretical insight and bibliographic citations. See Featherman, D. L. and Lerner, R. M., Ontogenesis and sociogenesis: problematics for theory and research about development and socialization across the life span, American Sociological Review, 50, 4 (1985), 659–676CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Featherman, D. L., Biography, society, and history: individual development as a population process, in Sorenson, A. A., Weinert, F. E. and Sherrod, L. R. (eds.), Human Development and the Life Course, Lawrence A. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, New Jersey, 1986, 99–152Google Scholar. Featherman's work gets three lines in the name index of Emerging Theories of Aging.

¹¹ Lynd, R. S., Knowledge for What?: The Place of Social Science in American Culture, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1939Google Scholar; Haveman, R. H., Poverty Policy and Poverty Research: The Great Society and the Social Sciences, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin, 1987Google Scholar. On the possibility that a failure of nerve impedes scientists from speaking out on public affairs, see Burnham, J. C., How Superstition Won and Science Lost, Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1987.Google Scholar

¹² Moody, H. R., The Abundance of Life: Human Development Policies for an Aging Society, Columbia University Press, New York, 1988, p. 297, n. 8Google Scholar. Academic social reformers on both sides of the Atlantic, including Peter Townsend, Robert Reich and Michael Walzer, have shaped Moody's perspective.

¹³ Moody, H. R., Abundance of Life, 262.Google Scholar

¹⁴ ibid., 12. This eclecticism enables him to draw insights from Olson, L. K., The Political Economy of Aging, Columbia University Press, New York, 1982Google Scholar; my Shades of Gray, Little Brown, Boston, 1983; and Crystal, S. M., America's Old Age Crisis, Basic Books, New York, 1982Google Scholar. It also invites, of course, criticism across the spectrum.

¹⁵ Achenbaum, W. A., Old Age in the New Land, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1978, 117–120Google Scholar; Haber, C., Beyond Sixty-Five, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1983, ch. 3CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Blumenthal, H. T. (ed.), Handbook of Diseases of Aging, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1983Google Scholar. It is interesting to note that Blumenthal's volume was not issued as part of the Birren series and that the publisher chose not to market together books with similar format.

¹⁶ Rowe, J. W. and Kahn, R. L., Human aging: usual and successful, Science, 237, 10 07 1987, 143–149CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed; Adelman, R. C., The importance of basic biological science to gerontology, Journal of Gerontology, 43, 1 (1988), B1–B2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

¹⁷ On gender differences in the meanings of age and aging, see Gutmann, D., Reclaimed Powers, Basic Books, New York, 1987Google Scholar; Pifer, A., and Bronte, L. (eds.), Our Aging Society, W. W. Norton, New York, 1986Google ScholarPubMed; Troll, L. E., New thoughts on old families, The Gerontologist, 28, 5 (1988), 586–591CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed. On policy matters, Burkhauser, R. V. and Holden, K. C. (eds.), A Challenge to Social Security, Academic Press, New York, 1982Google Scholar; Achenbaum, W. A., Social Security, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1986.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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