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Assessing the Impact of the U.N. Collective Security System: An Operational, Multicultural Approach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2017

Hayward R. Alker Jr.
Hayward R. Alker Jr.*
Affiliation:
Center for International Affairs, Harvard and Department of Political Science, M.I.T
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Abstract

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Type
Appraising the Impact of International Law upon Contemporary Political and Social Processes: Techniques and Conclusions
Information
American Journal of International Law , Volume 66 , Issue 5: Proceedings of the Sixty-Sixth Annual Meeting of the American Society of International Law , 1972 , pp. 33 - 39
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 1972

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References

* PROC. AMER. SOC. OF INT’L. LAW, 65 A.J.I.L. (No. 4) 366 (1971).

1 Bozeman, The Future of Law in a Multicultural World (1971). The specific model suggested is the Chinese game of wei-ch’i.

2 Higgins, The Development of International Law Through the Political Organs of the United Nations 9–10 (1963). The inner reference is to a remark by Schachter.

3 The minimal set of relevant reference for the present exercise are: Barkun, Law Without Sanctions (1968); Keesing, , Formalization and the Construction of Ethnographies, in Explorations in Mathematical Anthropology (Paul Kay, ed. 1971)Google Scholar; Alber, and Christensen, , From Casual Modelling to Artificial Intelligence: The Evolution of UN Peace Making Simulation, in Experimentation and Simulation in Political Science (LaPonce, and Smoker, eds. 1972)Google Scholar; and Alker, and Greenberc, , The UN Charter: Alternate Pasts and Alternate Futures, in The United Nations: Problems and Prospects (Fedder, E. H. ed. 1971)Google Scholar. Work on the Alker-Christensen-Greenberg U.N. simulation is still progressing.

4 Sources for this brief review include U.N. documents and commentaries, particularly, A. Dallin, The Soviet Union at the United Nations (1962); Hoffman, , In Search of a Thread: The UN in the Congo Labyrinth, 16 INT’L ORG, 33–61 (1962)Google Scholar; and Gross, L., Domestic Jurisdiction, Enforcement Measures and the Congo, in Australian Y.B. OF INT’L LAW 1965 at 137–58 (1966)Google Scholar.

5 Surely, the way to representing higher order legal principles like reciprocity, jus cogens, or national sovereignty in rule-following models deserves more research. Belief system simulations do allow such complexities. Relevant literature includes Allen, , Automation: Substitute and Supplement in Legal Practice, 7 Amer. Behavioral Scientist 39–44 (1963)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; J. Loehlin, Computer Simulations or Personality; K. Goldman, International Norms and War Between States (1971); and T. Winnograd, Procedures as a Representation for Data in a Computer Program for Understanding Natural Language (Project MAC, doc. MAC TR-84, MIT, 1971).