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Genomics: the host's genotype and its relevance to bovine respiratory disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2020

Holly Neibergs Open the ORCID record for Holly Neibergs [Opens in a new window]
Holly Neibergs*
Affiliation:
Washington State University, Animal Sciences, Pullman, Washington99164-6310, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Holly Neibergs, Washington State University, Animal Sciences, Pullman, Washington 99164-6310, USA. E-mail: neibergs@wsu.edu
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Abstract

Genomic variation exists in cattle that affects their susceptibility to the complex of pathogens responsible for bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Heritability estimates and genome-wide association analyses (GWAA) support the role of host genomic variation in BRD susceptibility. Heritability estimates for BRD susceptibility range from 0.02 to 0.29 depending on the population, the definition of the disease, and the accuracy of diagnosis. GWAA have identified genomic regions (loci) associated with BRD in beef and dairy cattle based on a variety of BRD diagnostic criteria. National standards need to be developed for BRD diagnostics and reporting to facilitate selection. Commercial genotyping is available to predict BRD susceptibility in dairy cattle and for the selection of replacement animals. Disease pathogen profiles vary by region and can result in genetic heterogeneity where different loci are important for susceptibility to different BRD pathogens. Although the identification of the BRD pathogens may not be critical for treatment, it is of paramount importance in identifying loci that render cattle susceptible to the disease. Identification of loci associated with host susceptibility to BRD provides a foundation for genomic selection to reduce disease and opens the possibilities to a better understanding of how the host defends itself.

Keywords

Genome-wide associationheritabilityloci
Type
Special issue: Papers from Bovine Respiratory Disease Symposium
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , December 2020 , pp. 179 - 183
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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