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Manure management for greenhouse gas mitigation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 June 2013

S. O. Petersen ,
M. Blanchard ,
D. Chadwick ,
A. Del Prado ,
N. Edouard ,
J. Mosquera  and
S. G. Sommer
S. O. Petersen*
Affiliation:
Department Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
M. Blanchard
Affiliation:
Cirad, UMR Selmet, Montpellier, F-34398, France; Cirad, UMR Selmet, RSA, Antsirabe, Madagascar
D. Chadwick
Affiliation:
School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, Wales
A. Del Prado
Affiliation:
Basque Centre for Climate Change, Alameda Urquijo 4, 48008 Bilbao, Spain
N. Edouard
Affiliation:
INRA Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35590 Saint Gilles, France
J. Mosquera
Affiliation:
Wageningen UR Livestock Research, PO Box 135, 6700 AC Wageningen, The Netherlands
S. G. Sommer
Affiliation:
Institute of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
*
†E-mail: soren.o.petersen@agrsci.dk
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Abstract

Ongoing intensification and specialisation of livestock production lead to increasing volumes of manure to be managed, which are a source of the greenhouse gases (GHGs) methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Net emissions of CH4 and N2O result from a multitude of microbial activities in the manure environment. Their relative importance depends not only on manure composition and local management practices with respect to treatment, storage and field application, but also on ambient climatic conditions. The diversity of livestock production systems, and their associated manure management, is discussed on the basis of four regional cases (Sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, China and Europe) with increasing levels of intensification and priorities with respect to nutrient management and environmental regulation. GHG mitigation options for production systems based on solid and liquid manure management are then presented, and potentials for positive and negative interactions between pollutants, and between management practices, are discussed. The diversity of manure properties and environmental conditions necessitate a modelling approach for improving estimates of GHG emissions, and for predicting effects of management changes for GHG mitigation, and requirements for such a model are discussed. Finally, we briefly discuss drivers for, and barriers against, introduction of GHG mitigation measures for livestock production. There is no conflict between efforts to improve food and feed production, and efforts to reduce GHG emissions from manure management. Growth in livestock populations are projected to occur mainly in intensive production systems where, for this and other reasons, the largest potentials for GHG mitigation may be found.

Keywords

methanenitrous oxidestoragetreatmentfarm model
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animal , Volume 7 , Issue s2: Greenhouse Gases & Animal Agriculture Conference (GGAA 2013), 23rd ‐ 26th June 2013, Dublin, Ireland , June 2013 , pp. 266 - 282
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Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2013 

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