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The effect of farrowing environment and previous experience on the maternal behaviour of sows in indoor pens and outdoor huts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 December 2014

M. Wülbers-Mindermann ,
C. Berg ,
G. Illmann ,
U. Baulain  and
B. Algers
M. Wülbers-Mindermann
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 234, SE-532 23 Skara, Sweden
C. Berg
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 234, SE-532 23 Skara, Sweden
G. Illmann
Affiliation:
Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Pratelstvi 815, Prague, Czech Republic
U. Baulain
Affiliation:
Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Hoeltystrasse 10, 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
B. Algers*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 234, SE-532 23 Skara, Sweden
*
†E-mail: Bo.Algers@slu.se
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Abstract

Outdoor farrowing huts facilitate a less restricted maternal behaviour in sows compared with sows kept indoors in farrowing pens. The aim of our study was to investigate whether there are behavioural differences between primiparous sows kept outdoors in farrowing huts and indoors in pens, and whether the maternal behaviour during the second parity, when all sows were kept outdoors in farrowing huts, would differ between sows that have experienced the indoor or the outdoor environment, respectively, during their first parturition. A total of 26 Yorkshire×Swedish Landrace sows were studied. Of these, 11 sows were housed outdoors in farrowing huts during both parturitions (group=OUTOUT). The other 15 sows were kept indoors in a barn with single farrowing pens during their first parturition. During their second parturition, sows were kept outdoors in farrowing huts (group=INOUT). The behaviour was video recorded from 2 h prepartum to 48 h postpartum. The sows’ responsiveness to playbacks of a piglet’s screams was tested on days 2 to 3 postpartum. Parity 1: during the last 2 h prepartum, OUTOUT sows had a higher proportion of observations in the sternal lying position (P<0.01). During parturition, OUTOUT sows changed posture more often (P<0.05) and were lying less (P<0.05) than INOUT sows. All sows in both groups responded with ‘lifting head’ towards the playback of piglet scream, whereas 100% of OUTOUT sows and only 43% of INOUT sows thereafter were ‘getting up’ (P <0.01). Parity 2: There were no behavioural differences between INOUT and OUTOUT sows. In conclusion, it is not problematic for a second parity sow with initial maternal experience from an indoor farrowing pen to be kept outdoors in farrowing huts during its following farrowing.

Keywords

sowhousingparitymaternal behaviourfarrowing
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 9 , Issue 4 , April 2015 , pp. 669 - 676
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2014 

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