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Distribution patterns of fish communities with respect to environmental gradients in Korean streams

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 July 2011

Ju-Duk Yoon ,
Jeong-Hui Kim ,
Myeong-Seop Byeon ,
Hyung-Jae Yang ,
Jong-Young Park ,
Jae-Hwan Shim ,
Ho-Bok Song ,
Hyun Yang  and
Min-Ho Jang
Ju-Duk Yoon
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
Jeong-Hui Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Biology Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 314-701, Republic of Korea
Myeong-Seop Byeon
Affiliation:
Water Environment Research Department, The National Institute of Environmental Research, Inchon 404-170, Republic of Korea
Hyung-Jae Yang
Affiliation:
Water Environment Research Department, The National Institute of Environmental Research, Inchon 404-170, Republic of Korea
Jong-Young Park
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
Jae-Hwan Shim
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Therapy, Seokang University, Gwangju 500-742, Republic of Korea
Ho-Bok Song
Affiliation:
Department Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
Hyun Yang
Affiliation:
Institute of Biodiversity Research, Jeonju 561-211, Republic of Korea
Min-Ho Jang*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 314-701, Republic of Korea
*
*Corresponding author: jangmino@kongju.ac.kr

Abstract

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Stream development can generate environmental changes that impact fish communities. In temperate streams, the distribution of fish species is associated with environmental gradients. To analyze the relevant factors, large-scale exploration is required. Thus, to evaluate the distribution patterns of fish in Korea, sampling was conducted on a national scale at 720 sites over a 6-week period in 2009. A total of 124 fish species in 27 families were identified; Zacco platypus and Zacco koreanus of the Cyprinidae were the dominant and subdominant species, respectively. Of the species found, 46 (37.1%) were endemic and 4 (3.2%) exotic; of the latter, Micropterus salmoides and Lepomis macrochirus were widely distributed. Upon canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), both altitude and biological oxygen demand (BOD) were highly correlated with CCA axes 1 and 2, respectively. This explained 62.5% of the species–environment relationship. Altitude and stream order were longitudinally related to species distribution. The numbers of both total and endemic species gradually increased as streams grew in size to the fourth–fifth-order, and decreased in sixth-order, streams. Overall, fish communities were stable throughout the entire watershed, whereas some species showed site-specific occurrence patterns due to the paleogeomorphological characteristics of Korean peninsula. However, various anthropogenic activities may negatively affect fish communities. Therefore, both short- and long-term sustainable management strategies are required to conserve native fish fauna.

Keywords

Environmental factorslongitudinal distributionstream orderaltitudesustainable management
Type
Research Article
Information
Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology , Volume 47 , Issue S1: River ecosystem health assessment: the value in the management and restoration , 2011 , pp. S63 - S71
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2011

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