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Excavations in Ithaca, 1930–35;

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 October 2013

Extract

Apart from the rather summary excavation on the summit of Aetós by Gell at the beginning of the nineteenth century, and the opening of some tombs above Pisaetó by Guitara in 1811–14, excavations have been made in Ithaca on three occasions previously to Lord Rennell's expedition.

In the course of two visits, one in 1868 and the other in 1878, Schliemann dug trial trenches in the plain at Pólis, at the ‘School of Homer’, at Aetós (both on the saddle and on the summit), at the cave of Dexiá, and at Marathiá. The work was carried out at great speed, and it is not always easy to make out from his description the precise nature of the objects found; nor is it known what has become of them. It is clear, however, that nothing Mycenaean was found.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1940

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References

page 1 note 1 Cf. Dörpfeld, , Alt-Ithaka I 144–51.Google Scholar

page 1 note 2 Cf. Schliemann, , Ithaka, der Peloponnes, und Troja 14–25; Ilios (London 1880) pp. 4550.Google Scholar

page 1 note 3 Cf. Vollgraff, , BCH 1905, 145 ff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 2 note 1 Outside this wall we found scattered burials of various dates and types, including a pithos-burial inscribed Εὐτυχἡς (fig. 2), tile-graves, and graves composed of rough stones laid on end to enclose the body. In one of these the vase illustrated in Fig. I was found. It seems the area was used as a cemetery, not for habitation.

page 5 note 1 For bibliography see Bérard, Ithaque et la Grèce des Achéens pp. 205–8, and for recent literature, Dörpfeld Alt-Ithaka pp. 405–15.

page 5 note 2 A good deal of scorn has been poured on this view by writers, beginning with Strabo, but the survival of the name Doúlicho in Cephallonia cannot be disregarded, especially by those who attach importance for their arguments in defence of Ithaca to the survival of its name in Thiáki. Those who accept Cephallonia as Doulichion, and identify Same with Lefkás or some other island are in the same predicament; and difficulties raised by other references to Doulichion in the Iliad or Odyssey are not so great as the difficulty of explaining away the survival of the name.

page 7 note 1 Antiquity IX, 1935, pp. 410–17; BSA XXXV p. 44.

page 7 note 2 But there is no reason to suppose that the collapse of the cliff, which reduced the cave to its present roofless condition, was confined to that one spot, or an isolated occurrence. The whole of the harbour may have been affected, and, if not at that time, as the result of one of the many earthquakes and subsidences which have left numerous traces, especially in this half of the island, ‘the detached headlands of sheer cliff that stand forth and screen the harbour’ (Lawrence's translation) may well have collapsed too, and the large, half-submerged rocks that lie off the shore on the east side of the entrance suggest that something of the sort has happened. If so, Homer's description is, after all, less inaccurate than it seems.

page 8 note 1 Nilsson, M. P.The Mycenaean Origin of Greek Mythology 1932 p. 99.Google Scholar

page 8 note 2 By LH III pottery I mean standard LH III, as opposed to ‘derivative Mycenaean,’ ‘Granary style’ etc. Elsewhere I have used ‘Mycenaean’ in the same sense.

page 11 note 1 It is not absolutely certain that they were cairns. Cf. BSA XXXIII p. 27.

page 11 note 2 The exact number of tripods, though not stated in Odyssey viii 390–3, must be inferred to be thirteen, like the other gifts. Pieces of at least twelve were found in the cave, in addition to the complete tripod found earlier by Louisos (BSA XXXV pp. 53–4).