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Galanakis, Yannis
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Article contents
THE FORMATION AND USE OF DROMOI IN EARLY MYCENAEAN TOMBS
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 November 2015
Abstract
The paper examines how the dromos emerged as an architectural feature in Mycenaean tombs and why it became the standard type of access device. It focuses on collective tombs with lateral entrances of LH I and transitional LH I/IIA date in mainland Greece, but considers also a number of MH tombs with side entrances. The first part discusses the architectural evidence. The second part examines permanent installations and evidence of possible ritual activities from dromoi. The third part explores the symbolic and performative aspects of dromoi. It is argued that the dromos was not an integral part of Mycenaean funerary architecture from the very beginning, but came about gradually out of a long process of experimentation, which originated in MH tumuli and was completed in late LH I or LH I/IIA tholoi and chamber tombs. This process merged different building traditions and combined practical considerations with new ritual needs arising at a period of intense social and cultural change.
Η διαμόρφωση και χρήση των δρόμων στους πρώιμους Μυκηναϊκούς τάφους
Το άρθρο εξετάζει τη διαδικασία διαμόρφωσης των δρόμων των μυκηναϊκών τάφων και τους λόγους για τους οποίους αναδείχθηκαν σε βασικά στοιχεία της ταφικής αρχιτεκτονικής στην ηπειρωτική Ελλάδα. Εστιάζει σε συλλογικούς τάφους με πλευρική είσοδο της ΥΕ Ι και της μεταβατικής ΥΕ Ι/ΙΙΑ περιόδου αλλά μελετά επίσης και ορισμένους ΜΕ τάφους με πλευρική είσοδο. Στο πρώτο μέρος εκτίθενται τα αρχιτεκτονικά δεδομένα. Στο δεύτερο μέρος παρουσιάζονται μόνιμες κατασκευές και ενδείξεις τελετουργικών πράξεων εντός των δρόμων. Στο τρίτο μέρος αναλύεται ο συμβολικός και επιτελεστικός χαρακτήρας των τελετουργιών που ελάμβαναν χώρα στους δρομους. Προτείνεται ότι ο δρόμος δεν ήταν ένα εγγενές στοιχείο της μυκηναϊκής ταφικής αρχιτεκτονικής αλλά προέκυψε σταδιακά μέσα από μια διαδικασία πειραματισμών που είχαν ξεκινήσει ήδη στους ΜΕ τύμβους και ολοκληρώθηκαν στους θολωτούς και θαλαμωτούς τάφους της ύστερης ΥΕ Ι ή της μεταβατικής ΥΕ Ι/ΙΙΑ περιόδου. Κατά τη διάρκεια αυτής της διαδικασίας συγκεράστηκαν στοιχεία διαφορετικών αρχιτεκτονικών παραδόσεων με σκοπό να αντιμετωπιστούν πρακτικά προβλήματα αλλά και νέες τελετουργικές ανάγκες που προέκυψαν σε μια περίοδο έντονων κοινωνικών και πολιτισμικών αλλαγών.
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