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Schultz, Peter
2012.
The Encyclopedia of Ancient History.
Article contents
A Head Connected with Damophon
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 October 2013
Extract
In the Gallery of Busts in the Vatican there is a head (Cat. No. 293p, Heibig, Führer durch Rom, i. p. 144, No. 242) described as the head of a Satyr. It is of rosso antico, and was found in a street in Genzano near a spot where a Roman villa had stood. This head (No. 1 on Plate IV.) has a replica, also of rosso antico, in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek at Copenhagen (No. 2 on the same Plate), for a description of which I am indebted to Herr Jacobsen. The height of the Roman head is 0·45 m., distance between the ears 0·21 m., between the eyes 0·05 m., breadth of eyes 0·05 m., breadth of mouth 0·07 m. It is worked only in front, the back being chiselled roughly away, so that it has the appearance of a mask. Nothing is left of the neck. The ends of the hair are broken off, especially in the case of the side-locks, and the edges of the beard are smoothed by weathering. Restored:—nose and portions of lower lip. The eyes are hollow, and were filled with inserted material.
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References
page 173 note 1 Braun, Ruinen und Museen, p. 338, No. 79.
page 175 note 1 Cf. Gardner, E., Handbook, ii. p. 401.Google Scholar P. Cavvadias, Fouilles de Lvcosure, Pl. III. Daniel, A. M. in J.H.S. xxiv. (1904), p. 45.Google Scholar
page 175 note 2 Cf. A. M. Daniel in J.H.S. xxiv. op. cit.
page 176 note 1 Cf. Athenaeus, iii. 78c, and Paus. II. ii. 6, with Frazer's valuable note on the latter passage.
page 176 note 2 Num. Comm. on Paus., p. 105, Pl. V. 6.
page 176 note 3 Ath. Mitth. ii. p. 343, figured in Roscher's Lexicon, ii. 2170.
page 177 note 1 Masterpieces, pp. 190, 342.
page 177 note 2 B.C.H. 1885, Pl. 14. I cannot agree with Professor Furtwängler's criticism of this statue. The forms in the original are by no means so heavy as they appear in the photograph, the general impression being one of easy activity. The proportion of the head to the total height is 8·7 to 67 centimetres, and the three divisions of the torso measure respectively downwards 6·7, 7·4, and 5·5 centimetres, which suits the Lysippic but not the Praxitelean canon. The attitude is closely analogous to that of the Apoxyomenos and does not shew that love of the curved central line which we find in Praxiteles. Moreover in the hair itself there is a careful rendering of nature, instead of the brilliant idealism of Praxiteles with its rough masses and sharp play of light and shade.
page 177 note 3 Dr. Amelung, to whom I am indebted for the measurements of the head which forms the subject of this article, has expressed in the Revue archéologique for 1903 vol. ii. p. 198 the view that the author of the Otricoli type was also the author of the Sarapis type best shewn in a statue in the museum of Alexandria, which forms Pl. IX. of the same volume. This sculptor he believes to be Bryaxis. I have not seen the statue in Alexandria, but, judging from the photograph, it would seem that the heavy formalized hair with its hanging fringe peculiar to heads of Sarapis must belong to a different type from the Otricoli bust. The softer forehead with simpler modelling and squarer form suggests an earlier and an Attic origin. That the Otricoli type was influenced by it, is clear from the general resemblance between the two heads, but if its date was later, that is all that is necessary for the purpose of the present article.
page 178 note 1 Oberbeck, , Kunstmyth. ii. pp. 86 f. No 13.Google Scholar
page 178 note 2 Oberbeck, , Kunstmyth. ii. pp. 85 f.Google Scholar No. 15. Cf. also Arndt-Amelung Einzel-Aufnahmen, Nos. 69, 70.
page 178 note 3 Compare the large locks that stand up behind the smaller fringe to the right of the heads as shewn in the photographs in Overbeck and on Plate IV.
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