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HEURESIBIOS SON OF SYRISKOS AND THE QUESTION OF TYRANNY IN OLBIA PONTIKE (FIFTH–FOURTH CENTURY BC)
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 March 2018
Abstract
This paper examines the ancient written, numismatic and archaeological sources that pertain to the political history of Olbia Pontike in the fifth and early fourth century bc. Several Olbian inscriptions that mention a certain Heuresibios son of Syriskos have been connected with a possible episode of tyranny that may have taken place in the city of Olbia. Most of the inscriptions are in a poor state of preservation and their interpretation has often been based on uncertain reconstructions of the texts; therefore, a re-examination of these inscriptions is provided alongside an analysis of other evidence that provides a broader historical background to the political situation in Olbia during that time. Olbia's status in the Delian League and the Athenian political and cultural influence on Olbia are examined. It is argued that the introduction of a political cult of Zeus Eleutherios was a reaction to a political change in Olbia that resulted in the establishment of democracy. Lastly, the economic and political relationship of the Achaemenid Empire with the North Pontic region, especially in relation to local coinage, is discussed, which allows for a synthesis of the material gathered.
Ο Ευρησίβιος υιός του Συρίσκου και το ζήτημα της τυραννίδας στην Ολβία Ποντική (5ος−4ος αι. π.Χ.)
Αυτό το άρθρο εξετάζει τις αρχαίες γραπτές, νομισματικές και αρχαιολογικές πηγές που αναφέρονται στην πολιτική ιστορία της Ολβίας Ποντικής τον 5ο και πρώιμο 4ο αιώνα π.Χ. Αρκετές ολβιακές επιγραφές που αναφέρονται σε ένα συγκεκριμένο Ευρησίβιο υιό του Συρίσκου έχουν συνδεθεί με ένα πιθανό επεισόδιο της τυραννίδας που ίσως έλαβε χώρα στην πόλη της Ολβίας. Οι περισσότερες από τις επιγραφές είναι σε κακή κατάσταση διατήρησης και η ερμηνεία τους έχει συχνά βασιστεί σε αβέβαιες συμπληρώσεις των κειμένων. Επομένως, η επανεξέταση αυτών των επιγραφών παραδίδεται παράλληλα με την ανάλυση άλλων μαρτυριών που προσδίδουν ένα ευρύτερο ιστορικό υπόβαθρο στην πολιτική κατάσταση της Ολβίας κατά την περίοδο αυτή. Εξετάζονται η θέση της Ολβίας στην Δηλιακή Συμμαχία και η Αθηναϊκή πολιτική και πολιτισμική επιρροή στην πόλη αυτή. Υποστηρίζεται ότι η εισαγωγή της πολιτικής λατρείας του Διός Ελευθερέως ήταν μία αντίδραση στην πολιτική αλλαγή στην Ολβία που είχε ως αποτέλεσμα την εγκαθίδρυση δημοκρατίας. Τελικώς, συζητάται η οικονομική και πολιτική σχέση της Αχαιμενιδικής Αυτοκρατορίας στην περιοχή του Βόρειο Πόντου, ειδικά σε σχέση με την τοπική νομισματική, που επιτρέπει μια σύνθεση του συγκεντρωμένου υλικού.
Μετάφραση: Στέλιος Ιερεμίας.
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