^{page 248 note 1} Mentioned in Ersch and Gruber, Gr. Gesch. 448, note 15; Leonardi Chiensis de Lesbo capta Epistola (Regimonti, 1866). Hopf's stemma of the Gattelusi is given in Chron. Gréco-Rom. 502; see further, Friedlaender, Beitr. z. alten Münzkunde, 29; P. Lambros in Schlumberger, Num. de l' Orient Latin, 432; Anon. Οί Γατελοῦζοι έν Λέσβῳ Athens, 1900.

^{page 248 note 2} Reise auf den Inseln des Thr. Meeres (1860): cf. C.I.G. 8777; Reise auf der Insel Lesbos (1865); see also (for Lesbos) Newton's Travels and Discoveries, and Boutan, in Arch. Miss. v. (1856), 275.Google Scholar

^{page 248 note 3} Since my visit Prof. Lambakes has published his notes on Aenos in Δελτίον τῆς Χριστ ᾿Αρχαιολ. ῾Εταιρείας, Η´ (1908).

^{page 249 note 1} Giornale Ligustico, i. (1874) 84–9, 217–20; ii. 86–93, 292–7; iii. 313–16; v. 345–71; cf. also viii. 953 ff.; ix. 1396, and Act. Patr. ii. DXL. 338.

^{page 249 note 2} Frag. Hist. Graec. v.

^{page 249 note 3} For topography, etc. see B. de la Brocqiiière (1433, p. 344, Bohn); Cyriac, in Ziebarth, , Inschriftenhandschrift i. d. Hamburger Stadtbibliothek (1903), 10Google Scholar: cf. Jacobs, . Ath. Mitt. 1897, 115Google Scholar; Motraye, la, Travels, i. 279Google Scholar; Choiseul-Gouffier, , Voy. Pitt. ii. 209Google Scholar, Pl. XIII, and p. 109; Webber-Smith, in J.R.G.S. vii. (1837), 61–74Google Scholar; Grisebach, , Reise d. Rumelien, i. 144–188Google Scholar; Slade, Travels, 475; B. A. Μ[υστακίδης] in Εβδομάς ii. 1885, No. 52: cf. Δελτίον τῆς ῾Ιστ.κ.᾿Εθν. ῾Εταιρείας ii. 82–107 and 622–625. Historical references in Tafel, , Symb. Crit. ii. 44 and 129.Google Scholar Inscriptions in Dumont, Inscrr. de la Thrace; Papadopoulos-Kerameus in Θρακικὴ ᾿Επετηρίς i. (1895), 9–11; B.C.H. xxiv. 168: cf. xvii. 635.

^{page 250 note 1} Critobulus, II. xii.; Choiseul-Gouffier, ii. 109; Keppel, G., Journey across the Balean (1831), i. 253.Google Scholar It was then navigable till May for vessels of 200 tons, but cf. 254.

^{page 250 note 2} This change is easily appreciated by a comparison of our own Admiralty Chart (1087) with the more recent Austrian staff-map. In the Admiralty charts (sun-eyed about 1840) the main stream of the Maritza debouches north of the lagoons of Aenos—in the Austrian map it flows through them. Both channels have always existed, though their relative importance has changed.

^{page 250 note 3} C. MacFarlane, The Doom of Turkey, 341 ff.; also Turkey and its Destiny, ii. 540 ff.

^{page 250 note 4} De Aed. iv. 11.

^{page 250 note 5} Here there is a long and worn Byzantine inscription at the top of the wall, illegible from below even with a strong glass.

^{page 252 note 1} The inscription in the E. wall (Lambakes, p. 29 (302)), Διὰ τοῦ Λιβαδαρίου ᾿Ιωάνου καὶ Μανουὴλ τοῦ ᾿Αγγέλου should perhaps be referred to the Protovestiarius and Stratopedarch mentioned by Pachy. ii. 9–11 (cf. Muralt, ad ann. 1296).

^{page 253 note 1} Critobulus, an excellent authority, says (ii. 13) that Aenos was part of the dowry of Maria. Chalcondyles (277 P.) says that Nicolo was sent there as governor by Francesco at the request of the inhabitants, who had had a difference with their former ruler; and this has been considered by some the beginning of the Gattelusi connection. But in this case why should Aenos have applied to Francesco at all? Hopf (on the authority of the earliest document mentioning him (Giorn. Lig. i. 86 (3)), dates Nicolo's lordship of Aenos from 1384. The town was then tributary to the Turks, probably since the expedition of Lala Shahin in 1383, cf. Critob. ii. 13 καὶ γὰρ οὗτοι καὶ οἱ πρὸ αὐτῶν ἀπέφωρον πάντες τοῖς τε προγόνοις τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ δὴ αὐτῷ ἐξ ὄτου δὴ τὸ πρῶτον ἐκεῖνοι διαβάντες εἰς τὴν Εὐρώπην κτλ . . .δασμὸν ἐτήσιον

^{page 253 note 2} Critob. i. 75.

^{page 253 note 3} Hammer-Hellert, , Emp. Ottoman, iii. 28.Google Scholar

The history of the years 1455–1459 is related at length by Critobulus, II. xi.–III. xxiv. See also Ducas, 335; Chalcondyles, 469; Sansovino, 234.

^{page 254 note 1} Baronius, Annales, 1469.

^{page 254 note 2} i. 1895, p. 11. It is mentioned by Webber-Smith.

^{page 254 note 3} Loc. cit. p. 16, No. 263.

^{page 254 note 4} For ???

^{page 254 note 5} A.M. 693I = A.D. 1422–3.

^{page 254 note 6} Conze, Pl. III. 7, 8.

^{page 254 note 7} v. inf. Inscr. 5.

^{page 254 note 8} Critob. ii. 11.

^{page 255 note 1} Lambakes (29, No. 306) reads

^{page 255 note 2} Lambakes, p. 30, No. 303, reading MARCII erroneously.

^{page 256 note 1} Lambakes, p. 29, No. 302.

^{page 256 note 2} Ibid. p. 13, No. 248.

^{page 256 note 3} This does not imply that Kanavoutzes was related to the reigning family, cf. the lmbrian inscr. =Conze, Pl. III. ii. p. 82 and probably No. 2. above.

^{page 256 note 4} Acta Patr. ii. DXL. 338.

^{page 256 note 5} Comm. in Dion. Hal. p. 2. Rhodokanakis (᾿Ιουστινιἀναι 783) mentions further a Janus Monomachus Kanavoutzes who married Sebaste Koressi of Chios, and died in Lemnos (which belonged to the Gattelusi) in 1420: cf. ibid. 785, a further alliance between the families. But R.'S genealogies are a tainted source.

^{page 257 note 1} Their memory is preserved in a θέσις Καναβίτσα in Lesbos (S. Karydonis, Τα έν Λέσβῳ Μοναστήρια p. 33).

^{page 257 note 2} Miklosich, and Muller, , Acta, iii. 363Google Scholar, No. xvii.

^{page 257 note 3} Lehnerdt's preface to Kanavoutzes, p. xx, quoting Zolotas, whose dissertation on the family in the school-programme of Chios (1889) I have not seen. The name also occurs in Leros (Oeconomopoulos, Λεριακά 57).

^{page 257 note 4} For the mediaeval history in detail see Papadopoulos-Kerameus, Φωκαϊκά Smyrna, 1878; Tomaschek, in Sitzber. AK: Wien, cxxiv. (1891), 26Google Scholar; Mas-Latrie, Trésor, 1788. For the topography, etc.: Des Hayes, Voyage, 242; Bruyn, Le, Voyage (Delft, 1700), p. 166Google Scholar, Pll. LVII–LIX; Sonnini, , Voyage, ii. 349Google Scholar; Hamilton, , Asia Minor, i. 59Google Scholar; Laborde, Asie Mineure, Pl. II. i; Pouqueville, Grèce, Pl. XVI.; Allan, Pictorial Tour, 39 (sketch); Ramsay, , J.H.S. ix. 396Google Scholar; Graef, , Ath. Mitt. xiv. 134Google Scholar; Boehlau, Ion. Nekrop. 7 f.; Adm. Chart, 1566 (897), see also Cuinet, , Turquie d' Asie, iii. 478.Google Scholar Inscriptions in C.I.G. 3412–3; B.C.H. xvii. 34; (Byzintine) C.I.G. 8756 = Mon. Piot, ii. 131–6.

^{page 257 note 5} Cf. the description in Livy, xxxvii.31.

^{page 258 note 1} After the attack of the Knights of Malta in 1613 (dal Pozzo, i. 265)? The battery is mentioned as a new work by Des Hayes (1621), who, probably on this account, calls the town New Phocaea. The mistake is repeated by Le Bruyn (Anon.), Acquisto di Scio (1710), and Sonnini. The battery was supplemented after the bombardment of Phocaea by Riva in 1649 (Valiero, , Guerra di Candia, ii. 172 etc.Google Scholar) by a new fort (dated A.H. 1090=A.D. 1678) on a rocky headland at the entrance to the harbour. This is a roughly-built oblong enclosure, defended on the land side by a ditch excavated in the rock, and commanding the passage by a semicircular battery à fleur d'eau for five guns.

^{page 258 note 2} The owner said it had been copied by Humann, but I can find no publication.

^{page 259 note 1} 381 [886]. Views of Mytilene are given by Le Bruyn (Pll. LI, LII), Tournefort and Choiseul-Gouffier, i. Pl. XLIV.

^{page 259 note 2} A view of it is given by Mrs. Walker, Old Tracks and New Landmarks, 168.

^{page 260 note 1} All my informants are agreed that there is no church of S. Nicholas in the town.

^{page 260 note 2} About 15 in. The gun is said to bear the name and titles of Mahomet II, but the date on it is 1072 (Mahomet IV).

^{page 261 note 1} Menaludium is mentioned also by Bartolommeo dali Sonetti; Pacocke calls the divisions limply the old and new castles.

^{page 261 note 2} A plan of it is given from the Admiralty Chart by Conze, another in the new Corpus oj Inscriptions, the best (inaccurate for detail) in Koldewey's Lesbos, from which our sketch is taken (Fig. 10).

^{page 262 note 1} I may here note that I found no inscriptions or heraldry of the Gattelusi at Petra or Molivo (cf. Mrs. Walker, loc. cit. 205). The ‘mediaeval relief’ at Petra (Colnaghi. ap. Newton, i. 347) is clearly dated 1609.

^{page 262 note 2} D'az. au chevron d'or, ace. de 3 roses du même.

^{page 262 note 3} Critobulus, v. 7; Sathas, , Mon. Hist. Hell. vi. 98Google Scholar; Raynaldus, s.a.

^{page 262 note 4} Verdizzotti, ii. 560; Coronelli, Isolario, 276.

^{page 262 note 5} Chron. de Jean d' Auton, ii. 162–193; Bosio, ii. 448–51; Guglielmotti, , Storia della Marina Pontif. i. 13.Google Scholar

^{page 263 note 1} 338 B. Raynaldus (s.a.) distinctly says it was occupied by the Papal troops, cf. s.a. 1457. ‘Passi sumus ut remaneat sub jurisdictione illius domini, qui earn habet, dummodo stet sub obedientia nostra et sedis apostolicae.’ The Commentaries of Pius II., however (p. 205), mention only Lemnos, Thasos, and Imbros.

^{page 263 note 2} ii. 196.

^{page 264 note 1} This was correctly observed by Conze.

^{page 265 note 1} The tinctures are so given by Rhodokanakis, ῾Ιουστινιάναι 117. The arms given by Rietstap are from a ‘MS. source’ communicated by R. to Notes and Queries, 1868, S. iv. vol. 2, p. 526.

^{page 265 note 2} The objects in the field have been taken for (a) firesteels, and (6) B's forming the device Σταυρὲ Βασιλέως Βασιλέων Βασιλεῖ βοήθει The question is discussed at length by Svoronos, in Journ. Intern, ii. 1899, 363 ff.Google Scholar; see also P. Lambros in Παρνασσός ii. 396. I believe that they originated as firesteels (the form is not always that of a B in the monuments) and may have been afterwards used as a device. The shield with four B's occurs at Pera (Atti Soc. Lig. xiii. 324).

^{page 265 note 3} This was formerly interpreted as the monogram of Palamedes, but is proved by the monuments to be that of Palaeologus. It existed on a capital of the ‘Palace of the Porphyrogenitus’ (Millingen, Walls of C'sple., 113, quoting Bullialdus ad Ducae xxxvii, (p. 612B)), and occurs on a Byzantine coin (B. M. Catal. ii. Pl. LXXVII, 3).

^{page 265 note 4} This is proved by its occurrence (at Mytilene) side by side with (3) to be no fanciful or ignorant variation of the latter.

^{page 266 note 1} Atti Soc. Lig. xiii. 324 (7) Pl. VII. (1387).

^{page 266 note 2} The later arms are parti d'or et d' az. à un aigle sab. brochant sur le parti.

^{page 266 note 3} Cf. also Giorn. Lig. xi. 294 (22) documents of 1439: ‘Non ignoramus … generosam familiam Auriam ut sanguine ita mutua obsequiorum exibitione esse junctissimam.’

^{page 266 note 4} He died in 1409 between Jan. 5 and May 25. Cf. documents in Giorn. Lig. i. 218 (8) and 219 (9).

^{page 267 note 1} de Off. 415 (forms of address in letters from the Patriarch), (a) Πρὸς τὸν νέον ὲν Μυτιλήνῃ Γατελιοῦζον. τῷ περιποθήτῳ ἀνεψίῳ τοῦ . . . βασιλέως . . . Φρατζέσκῳ τῷ Γατελιούζῳ (b) Πρὸς τὸν ἐν αἴνῳ θεῖον αὐτοῦ Νικολέζον τῷ περιποθήτῳ συμπενθέρῳ, κτλ

^{page 268 note 1} Bohn's edition, p. 344.

^{page 268 note 2} Giorn. Lig. v. 349 (37). Similarly Kanavoutzes speaks of the Lords of Mytilene and Aenos as being brothers when he wrote, and he wrote after 1388, since Argos was a Venetian possession (p. 30). The brothers cannot be Francesco I. and Nicolo if the former died in 1373, so we may date Kanavoutzes' work between 1427 and 1449, i.e. in the coincident portion of the reigns of Dorino I. and Palamede.

^{page 268 note 3} Hopf (Andros, Zusätze in Sitzb. Ak. Wien, xxi. 1857, 229) mentions a document of 1415 concerning him, in Misti, Tom. li, fol. 172a: the latest document in Giorn. Lig. (i. 218 (8)) is dated 1409.

^{page 268 note 4} Ibid. i. 219 (9).

^{page 268 note 5} Ibid. ii. 86 (II). Jacopo probably died between May 11 and October 14, 1428, to judge by the titles in documents (10) and (11): in the former the spectabilis dominus Folie is dissociated from the magnificus dominus Mitileni, while in the latter Dorino takes his title from both cities.

^{page 268 note 6} A Nicolo II. of Aenos is mentioned in Rhodokanakis' pedigree of the Coressi (῾Ιουστινιἀναι 782) but the date (1346) condemns the authority.

^{page 268 note 7} Colucci, Ant. Picene, xv. cxxxiii.

^{page 269 note 1} Critobulus and document, Giorn. Lig. v. 349 (38).