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MULTIMEDIA AT MINOAN MYRTOS–PYRGOS, CRETE
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 January 2024
Abstract
The Minoan settlement of Myrtos–Pyrgos on the south coast of Crete has produced five seals (and one unfinished seal), 11 seal impressions on clay vessels, two roundels and one nodulus, as well as two Linear A tablets and two inscriptions on clay vessels. Dating between Early Minoan II and Late Minoan IB, these documents form valuable evidence for the development of sealing, marking and writing practices at a small but important rural settlement, including a penchant for using antique seals for stamping jars. They contribute too to understanding the regional hierarchical and, probably, political cultures of Crete throughout this long period, especially in the late Protopalatial phase of Middle Minoan IIB, when there seems to have been a special relationship with Malia on the north coast, and again in Late Minoan IB, when there was a relationship with Knossos. Finally, the paper discusses a pithos fragment from Tel Haror in Israel, which appears to have an inscription in Cretan Hieroglyphic or Linear A, and may well have been a product of Myrtos or nearby.
Στον μινωικό οικισμό του Μύρτου–Πύργου στη νότια ακτή της Κρήτης, έχουν βρεθεί πέντε σφραγίδες (και μια έκτη ημιτελής), 11 αποτυπώματα σφραγίδων σε πήλινα αγγεία, δύο δισκία και ένα κουπόνι, καθώς και δύο πινακίδες στη Γραμμική Α, και δύο επιγραφές σε πήλινα αγγεία. Τα τεκμήρια αυτά, τα οποία παρουσιάζονται εδώ, χρονολογούνται μεταξύ της Πρωτομινωικής ΙΙ και της Υστερομινωικής ΙΒ περιόδου και αποτελούν πολύτιμες μαρτυρίες για τις πρακτικές σφράγισης, σημείωσης και γραφής – ακόμη και της χρήσης αρχαιότερων σφραγίδων για τη σήμανση αποθηκευτικής κεραμεικής – στον συγκεκριμένο μικρό αλλά σημαντικό επαρχιακό οικισμό. Συμβάλλουν, επιπλέον, στην κατανόηση των περιφερειακών ιεραρχικών, και μάλλον και πολιτικών, πολιτισμικών ενοτήτων της Κρήτης κατά τη μακρά υπό μελέτη εποχή. Κυρίως στην ύστερη παλαιοανακτορική Μεσομινωική ΙΙΒ περίοδο, όταν φαίνεται ότι υπήρχε μια ιδιαίτερη σχέση της εγκατάστασής με τα Μάλια στη βόρεια κρητική ακτή, και, ξανά, στην Υστερομινωική ΙΒ, όταν η κατεξοχήν σχέση της ήταν, πλέον, με την Κνωσό. Στη συζήτηση εγγράφεται, τέλος, ένα κομμάτι πίθου από το Τελ Χαρόρ στο Νεγκέβ του Ισραήλ, που φέρει επιγραφή στη Γραμμική Α ή στην Κρητική Ιερογλυφική, και αποτελεί μάλλον προïόν του Μύρτου ή της περιοχής του.
Μετάφραση: Κ. Κόπακα, G. Cadogan
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