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Some Unpublished Boiotian Tombstones

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2013

John M. Fossey
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Extract

The following is a collection of twenty-two epitaphs observed by me during travels in Boiotia between 1965 and 1970. They represent mainly central Boiotia and the Copaïs; the eastern plains have been less productive. The texts are presented in catalogue form following the same geographic sequence as IG vii. The main interest of these brief texts is, of course, prosopographic, and short comments on the names are added as relevant. All dimensions of stones are given in metres, and of letters in centimetres.

The publication of such a group of humble epitaphs needs no excuse: the very perishability of these stones makes it the incumbent duty of the field-worker to preserve, however imperfectly, the record of all such material as he observes. In 1965 men were at work with sledge-hammers breaking up ancient worked blocks in heaps at Erimókastro, heaps such as those which contained nos. 1 and 2.

Type
Research Article
Information
Annual of the British School at Athens , Volume 69 , November 1974 , pp. 121 - 128
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1974

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References

1 Especially in terms of distribution and frequency in Boiotia and the neighbouring areas of Attika, Phokis, West Lokris, and Euboia.

2 One may also compare the fate of the inscription DGE 463 (= AM xxxi (1906) 434–6); cf. AAA iv (1971) 240–5.

3 For Thespiai, add to IG references: BCH 1936, 177 sqq., A45; Roesch, Thespies et La Confédération béotienne (1965) 5 line 18; AE 1936 Chron. 29 no. 196A, 13; REA 1966, 64 no. 3. Cf. also the frequent occurrence of the name in Attika, near to east and central Boiotia (Prosop. Att. 6962–78), and similarly at Eretria in Euboia, the nearest part of the island to Boiotia's eastern plain (IG xii. 9 and Suppl., Indexes).

4 Neumann, , De nominibus Boeotorum propriis (1908) 27–8Google Scholar; Bechtel, HPG 319–22.

5 To IG add: SEG iii. 333 11. 27 and 68 (Thespiai); 361 (Akraiphia); xxii. 382 (Thespiai); AE 1936, 24 no. 191; 25 no. 192; 43 no. 220B1 (Thespiai). An example also occurs in near-by eastern Phokis: IG ix. 1. 116 (Daulis). A small number occur throughout central Greece, cf. Prosop. Att.; Schober, Phokis (1924), Prosopography; Lerat, , Les Locriens de l'ouest ii (1952)Google Scholar, Prosopography.

6 On the date of the adoption of the Ionic alphabet in Boiotia cf. Roesch, , Rev. Phil, xl (1966) 78–87.Google Scholar

7 To IG add SEG iii. 367 and xxii. 391b from Thespiai, also AE 1936, 32 no. 196 of unknown provenance. Three examples are known from Phokis (Schober, op. cit. 315–17), and a number in West Lokris (Lerat, op. cit. 199); it is particularly frequent in Attika (Prosop. Att. 4489–4523) and well known in Euboia, at Eretria (six examples) and Khalkis (one example), cf. IG xii. 9 and Suppl., Indexes.

8 IG vii. 4137 (Larymna, ) and AD xxv (1970) 137Google Scholar no. 14 (Thebes). In editing the Theban text Koumanoúdhes (AD cit.) says he knows of no other occurrence of the name, thus ignoring the Larymna text. In fact yet another Theban inscription, as yet unpublished, refers to a certain For other names on the same stem cf. Neumann, op. cit. 25–6.

9 In contrast to the frequency of in Attika (Prosop. Att. 11203–37). The feminine also occurs only once in Phokis, , IG ix. 1. 46Google Scholar; and the masculine but thrice in West Lokris (Lerat, op. cit. 216). The masculine is again common at Eretria and occurs once at Khalkis (IG xii. 9 and Suppl., Indexes).

10 IG vii. 650 and 1277.

11 To IG add: SEG ii. 199 and 230 (Thespiai); xix. 349 (Tanagra) and 364c (Thespiai); xxii. 416 (Thebes).

12 To IG add: SEG iii. 360 (Akraiphia); 376 (Khaironeia); xix. 349y (Tanagra); xxii. 399 (Thespiai); BCH 1946, 480 no. 6 and 485 no. 123 (Thespiai, ); AE 1936, 28 no. 195Google Scholar (Thespiai) and 46 (no number, Thisbe); AD 1969, 184 (Thespiai).

13 IG vii. 2420 (Thebes) and 3183 (Orkhomenos); BCH 1899, 193 no. 1 (Akraiphia); BCH 1946, 477 no. 3 (Thespiai).

14 Cf. IG vii Index; most interesting of these various forms is perhaps (2895) also from Koroneia. It is noticeable that Schober's prosopography (op. cit.) gives no examples of this in neighbouring Phokis; it is similarly rare in Attika (Prosop. Att. 11777–9) and West Lokris (Lerat, op. cit. 218) and does not occur at all in Euboia.

15 IG vii. 2297 (Thisbe) and 2441 (Thebes). Only one instance comes from Phokis (Schober, op. cit. 1066); just five are listed in Prosop. Att. (13402–6); and there are only two examples, one in West Lokris (Lerat, op. cit. 222) and one at Eretria (IG xii. 9. 116).

16 In the surrounding regions too, names on the root are fairly frequent, but not this name as such, except for IG xii. 9. 1073 (Khalkis).

17 It is also more or less unknown in surrounding areas.

18 To IG references add SEG xv. 279 and 281 (both Oropos). For Orkhomenos: IG vii. 3175, 3199, 3235.

19 IG xii. 9. 191B, 52; 245A, 103 and 396.

20 On the history of this script cf. Pouilloux, , Recherches sur l'histoire et les cultes de Thasos i (1952) 22 ff.Google Scholar, and Jeffery, , Local Scripts of Archaic Greece (1961) 289–90Google Scholar; 294–6; 300–3.

21 Pouilloux, op. cit. no. 55, 4. The name, of course, is not limited to Thasos; it is not uncommon, for example, in Attika (Prosop. Att. 1957–66) and Eretria (IG xii. 9. 244A, 3 and 4; 246A, 65).

22 The masculine form too seems to be limited to the south-west Copaïs: IG vii. 3066 and 3068 (Lebadeia); 3180 (Orkhomenos). On the use of the masculine form in Boiotia cf. Neumann, loc. cit.; it appears to be unknown in Attika, Phokis, West Lokris, and Euboia.

23 IG vii. 3225 (Alxenor of Naxos); 3233 (Hermon of Thespiai); and unpublished (Pantias of Erythrai).

24 The top of yet another pedimental stele is built into the wall of this church above the west door. Here the in scription has completely perished.

25 IG vii. 1780 (Thespiai) and an unpublished text from Khaironeia.

26 IG vii. 3314 and 3359.

27 A single example of occurs in east Phokis, , IG ix. 1. 61. 93 (Daulis)Google Scholar, and three are known from Euboia, IG xii. 9.916, 3 and 23 (Khaikis); IG xii Suppl. 640(Eretria; a slave).

28 BCH 1899, 199 no. vii (Akraiphia); IG vii. 1750 and 2349 (Thespiai); 2933 (Koroneia). Unknown in Phokis, the name occurs a few times in Attika (Prosop. Alt. 3206–21) and West Lokris (Lerat, op. cit. 198), but only once in Euboia, (IG xii. 9. 241, 29 (Eretria)).Google Scholar

29 It is unknown in West Lokris; occurs but rarely in Phokis (Schober, op. cit. 917–19); is attested a number of times in Attika (Prosop. Att. 11613–25); and is very common in Euboia (IG xii. 9 and Suppl., Indexes).

30 The masculine is quite common in Attika (Prosop. Alt. 11320–41), Phokis (Schober, op. cit. 888–98; feminine 884–7), West Lokris (Lerat, op. cit. 216–17; one feminine 232) and Euboia (IG xii. 9 and Suppl., Indices; cf. also IG xii. 9. 707, 1 (Eretria) and Suppl. 659 (Khalkis), both feminine).

31 It is common enough in Attika (Prosop. Att. 15400–22), but non-existent in Phokis and West Lokris, and infrequent in Euboia (IG xii. 9. 899b, 7 and 10; 899c, 4 (Khalkis); IG xii Suppl. 574? (Eretria); Ps.-Plut., Vit. X Orat. Dem. 844c (Karystos)).

32 As against its rarity in Attika (Prosop. Att. 11452–4 and Phokis (Schober, op. cit. 903), it is similarly rare in West Lokris (Lerat, op. cit. 217), but occurs a few times ii Euboia (masculine: IG xii. 9. 593 (Eretria); 916, 53; 919d 2; 919e, 4; 1176, 2; IG xii Suppl. 646, 26 (all Khalkis) feminine: IG xii. 9. 713, 1 (Eretria) and 1074, 1 (Khalkis).

33 Cf. Frazer, and Rönne, , Boeotian and West Greek Tombstones (1957), 92–4.Google Scholar

34 SEG xv. 303 and 307, both from Oropos.