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XVI.—Excavations at Caerwent, Monmouthshire, on the Site of the Romano-British City of Venta Silurum, in 1902

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2011

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Extract

The excavations which were made in June and July of 1902 were included in the report of the work done in 1901.

The excavations, of which the results are now to be reported, did not begin until 11th August and were continued until October. The greater part of House No. 4 had, however, been excavated in 1900, but our description of it was postponed until the whole should have been brought to light.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1903

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References

page 391 note a See ante, pp. 119-152.

page 391 note b Walls have been found in the churchyard which continue its direction.

page 392 note a The only authority which we can find for the existence of this cross is the statement made by Octavius Morgan (Archaeologia, xxxvi. 426 and Plate XXXVI.), who does not give any reasons for his assertion.

page 392 note b Ante, p. 139.

page 392 note c It is wanting in some places west of the north gate.

page 392 note d This, as far as we can tell at present, seems to have been the case; and supposing that the arrangement of streets which we have brought to light reproduces itself in other parts of the city, we should have it divided into twenty insulæ by three roads (including the high road) from east to west, and four from north to south. The progress of the excavations seems to render this arrangement increasingly probable, but we must decline to speak with certainty on the subject.

page 392 note e The courtyard was not apparently paved, but the natural gravel bottom was reached at about 3 feet 6 inches below the grass level.

page 392 note f The dimensions of th e several parts of this house, as numbered on the plan, are as follows: (1) 16 feet by 12½ feet; (2) 6½ feet by lO¼ feet; (3) 6¼ feet by 2¼ feet; (4) 7 feet by 5¾ feet; (5) 7 feet by 5¾ feet; (6) 15½ feet by 35 feet; (7) 15½ feet by 12½ feet; (8) 22¾ feet by 12½ feet; (9) 23½ feet (north wall), 21¾ feet (south wall), by 13 feet; (10) 11 feet by 10½ feet; (11) 13¼ feet by 18½ feet. The courtyard measures 73 feet by 71½ feet (average measurements).

page 393 note a The dimensions of the spaces as numbered on the plan are as follows: (1) 16½ feet by 12½ feet; (2) 16½ feet by 6¾ feet; (3) 16½ feet by 14½ feet; (4) 16½ feet by 14¼ feet; (5) 8½ feet by 9 feet; (7) 16¾ feet by 9½ feet; (9) 13¼ feet by 12 feet; (10) 22¼ feet by 20 feet; (11) 22¼ feet by 2⅔ feet; (12) 20½ feet by lOf feet; (13) 21½ feet by 81 feet.

page 393 note b A cut made outside the. east wall of Room 1 shows that the wall has two offsets, giving a total increase of thickness of 6 inches immediately below the level of the upper floor, while 4½ feet lower comes a foundation of rough stones 1 foot deep, projecting outwards 6 inches more.

page 394 note a This drain measures 10 inches wide by 9 inches deep, and the length preserved is 11 feet.

page 395 note a The maximum is six, in the north-west angle of Room 3.

page 395 note b V. 10 (11) 2. Cf. Marquardt, , Privatleben der Romer, 284Google Scholar.

page 395 note c Archaeologia, vii. 205.

page 395 note d See Papers of the British School at Rome, i. 165.

page 396 note a Guide to the Roman City of Uriconium (1902).Google Scholar

page 396 note b Here was discovered a small piece of coal, 2 feet 1 inches below modern grass level. Soot was also found upon the floor.

page 396 note c The main drain measures 11 inches wide by 9 inches deep, the lateral drains 8 inches wide by 9 inches deep. Both were originally roofed with tiles or old red sandstone slabs, which are well preserved in the case of the lateral drains.

page 398 note a Garstang, , The Third Egyptian Dynasty, plate xiv.Google Scholar Gf. also Mahasna and Bêt Khallaf (7th memoir of Egyptian Research Account, 1902, plate 6 and p. 9).

page 399 note a Room 2 is not a laconicum, for the opening between it and Room 3 is too wide.

page 399 note b Archaeologia, xxxvi. 432-437, and Plate XXXVI.

page 400 note a The dimensions of the rooms are as follows: (1) 8½ feet by 19¼ feet; (2) 8½ feet by 6½ feet; (3) 9 feet by 24½ feet; (4) 9 feet by 13 feet; (5) 19 feet by 16 feet; (6) 7¾ feet by 12 feet; (7) 9¾ feet by ll¾ feet; (8) 19½ feet by 21¼ feet; (9) 19½ feet b y 13¼ feet; (10) 9½ feet by 15 feet; (11) 14½ feet by 12 feet; (12) 9½ feet by 21 feet; (13) 35 feet by 161 feet(average width).

page 400 note b In the north-east angle of Room 1 was found a perfect pot of black ware bedded into clay.

page 400 note c The northern of the two walls is the earlier in date, but no traces of its prolongation either east or west could be found, so that it is merely a local reconstruction, and the width of the doorway was the same as in the later wall, 5 feet 4 inches.

page 400 note d Ante, Plate XII.

page 402 note a The earlier gravel floor concrete is also visible where the later pavement has perished, but its level is difficult to fix.

page 402 note b In the yard just outside this room two fragments of a column, 1 foot in diameter, were found; the first was 2 feet 6½ inches long, with a dowel hole, 2 inches square, at each end, the second 1 foot 2\ inches, with a dowel hole at one end only, the other being broken.

page 403 note a See Marquardt, , Romische Staatsverwaltung, ii. 33.Google Scholar

page 404 note a The street is here 22 feet in width, as against 25 feet opposite the centre of the cotirtyard of House No. 4, and 23 feet at its north-east angle; while between House No. 7 and House No. 2 it is 18 feet to 20 feet wide, though in the earlier state of the north wing of House No. 2 it must have been about 4 feet narrower. See ante, p. 127.

page 404 note b The dimensions of the various spaces as numbered on the plan are as follows: (1) 15 feet by 15 feet; (2) 16 feet by 15 feet; (3) 17¼ feet by 20 feet; (4; 7J feet by 10 feet; (5) 20 feet wide, length not ascertained; (6) 9 feet to 6¾ feet wide, length not ascertained; (7) 11½ feet by 5¾ feet.